\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[margin=1.5cm, top=2cm, bottom=2cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{setspace}
\setstretch{0.9}

\title{[Course Code] Notes - [Topic/Date]}
\author{Your Name}
\date{\today}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

\section{Section Title}

Brief introduction or overview of the topic.

\subsection{Definitions}
\textbf{Key Term:} Definition here

\textbf{Mathematical Definition:}
\[
\text{Formula} = \mathbb{E}_{(x,y) \sim D}[L(h(x), y)]
\]

\subsection{Important Concepts}
\begin{itemize}
    \item \textbf{Point 1:} Description with math $\theta$
    \item \textbf{Point 2:} Another important concept
    \item \textbf{Point 3:} Final key point
\end{itemize}

\section{Mathematical Derivations}

\subsection{Step-by-Step Process}
Starting from the basic equation:
\[
f(x) = ax + b
\]

Taking the derivative:
\[
\frac{df}{dx} = a
\]

\textbf{Result:} The derivative is constant.

\subsection{Example Calculation}
Given data points $(x_1, y_1), (x_2, y_2), \ldots, (x_n, y_n)$:

\textbf{Step 1:} Calculate the mean
\[
\bar{x} = \frac{1}{n}\sum_{i=1}^{n} x_i
\]

\textbf{Step 2:} Expanding the sum:
\[
= \frac{1}{n}[x_1 + x_2 + \ldots + x_n]
\]

\section{Algorithms}

\subsection{Algorithm Name}
\textbf{Input:} Data, parameters, etc.

\textbf{Algorithm:}
\begin{enumerate}
    \item Initialize parameters $\theta = 0$
    \item While not converged:
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Update: $\theta := \theta - \alpha \nabla J(\theta)$
        \item Check convergence: $|J(\theta^{(t+1)}) - J(\theta^{(t)})| < \epsilon$
    \end{itemize}
    \item Return $\hat{\theta}$
\end{enumerate}

\textbf{Output:} Optimized parameters

\section{Visual Elements}

\subsection{Including Figures}
% Uncomment and modify as needed:
% \begin{figure}[h]
% \centering
% \includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{your-image.png}
% \caption{Your caption here}
% \end{figure}

\subsection{Key Insights}
\textbf{Important Note:} Always remember that...

\textbf{Practical Tip:} In practice, you should...

\section{Summary}

\textbf{Main Takeaways:}
\begin{itemize}
    \item Summary point 1
    \item Summary point 2  
    \item Summary point 3
\end{itemize}

\textbf{Next Steps:} What to study next...

\end{document} 