""" GELU activation ablation: replace ReLU with GELU in ResidualMLP. Run BP/DFA/SB/CB on CIFAR-10, L=4, d=256, independent process per method+seed. Usage: python gelu_ablation.py --method bp --seed 42 --gpu 0 """ import os, sys, json, argparse, numpy as np, torch, torch.nn as nn, torch.nn.functional as F import torch.optim as optim from torch.utils.data import DataLoader sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))) # NOTE: ResidualMLP already uses GELU! Check: from models.residual_mlp import ResidualBlock, ResidualMLP # ResidualBlock.forward: z = self.w2(F.gelu(self.w1(self.ln(h)))) # So the default architecture IS GELU. The ablation should test ReLU instead. class ResidualBlockReLU(nn.Module): """ResidualBlock with ReLU instead of GELU.""" def __init__(self, d_hidden): super().__init__() self.ln = nn.LayerNorm(d_hidden) self.w1 = nn.Linear(d_hidden, d_hidden) self.w2 = nn.Linear(d_hidden, d_hidden) nn.init.normal_(self.w2.weight, std=0.01) nn.init.zeros_(self.w2.bias) def forward(self, h): z = self.ln(h) z = self.w1(z) z = F.relu(z) # ReLU instead of GELU z = self.w2(z) return z class ResidualMLPReLU(nn.Module): """ResidualMLP with ReLU blocks.""" def __init__(self, input_dim, d_hidden, num_classes, num_blocks): super().__init__() self.embed = nn.Linear(input_dim, d_hidden) self.blocks = nn.ModuleList([ResidualBlockReLU(d_hidden) for _ in range(num_blocks)]) self.out_ln = nn.LayerNorm(d_hidden) self.out_head = nn.Linear(d_hidden, num_classes) self.num_blocks = num_blocks self.d_hidden = d_hidden def forward(self, x, return_hidden=False): h = self.embed(x) hiddens = [h] if return_hidden else None for block in self.blocks: h = h + block(h) if return_hidden: hiddens.append(h) logits = self.out_head(self.out_ln(h)) return (logits, hiddens) if return_hidden else logits def forward_from_layer(self, h, start_layer): for i in range(start_layer, self.num_blocks): h = h + self.blocks[i](h) return self.out_head(self.out_ln(h)) # Import training functions from cifar_d512_confirmatory and adapt from models.value_net import ValueNet, create_ema_model, update_ema from models.state_bridge import StateBridgeNet from metrics.credit_metrics import cosine_similarity_batch, perturbation_correlation import torchvision, torchvision.transforms as transforms def get_cifar10(bs=128): tt=transforms.Compose([transforms.RandomCrop(32,4),transforms.RandomHorizontalFlip(),transforms.ToTensor(),transforms.Normalize((0.4914,0.4822,0.4465),(0.2470,0.2435,0.2616))]) tv=transforms.Compose([transforms.ToTensor(),transforms.Normalize((0.4914,0.4822,0.4465),(0.2470,0.2435,0.2616))]) return (DataLoader(torchvision.datasets.CIFAR10('./data',True,download=True,transform=tt),bs,True,num_workers=4,pin_memory=True), DataLoader(torchvision.datasets.CIFAR10('./data',False,download=True,transform=tv),bs,False,num_workers=4,pin_memory=True)) def evaluate(m,tl,dev): m.eval();c,t=0,0 with torch.no_grad(): for x,y in tl:x=x.view(x.size(0),-1).to(dev);y=y.to(dev);c+=(m(x).argmax(1)==y).sum().item();t+=x.size(0) return c/t # Reuse exact training functions from cifar_d512_confirmatory but with model_cls parameter def train_bp(model, trl, tel, dev, epochs=100, lr=1e-3, wd=0.01): opt=optim.AdamW(model.parameters(),lr=lr,weight_decay=wd) sch=optim.lr_scheduler.CosineAnnealingLR(opt,T_max=epochs) for ep in range(1,epochs+1): model.train() for x,y in trl: x=x.view(x.size(0),-1).to(dev);y=y.to(dev) F.cross_entropy(model(x),y).backward();opt.step();opt.zero_grad() sch.step() if ep%20==0:print(f" Ep {ep}: acc={evaluate(model,tel,dev):.4f}",flush=True) def train_dfa(model, trl, tel, dev, epochs=100, lr=1e-3, wd=0.01): d=model.d_hidden;L=model.num_blocks;C=10 Bs=[torch.randn(d,C,device=dev)/np.sqrt(C) for _ in range(L)] bops=[optim.AdamW(b.parameters(),lr=lr,weight_decay=wd) for b in model.blocks] eop=optim.AdamW(model.embed.parameters(),lr=lr,weight_decay=wd) hop=optim.AdamW(list(model.out_head.parameters())+list(model.out_ln.parameters()),lr=lr,weight_decay=wd) schs=[optim.lr_scheduler.CosineAnnealingLR(o,T_max=epochs) for o in bops]+[optim.lr_scheduler.CosineAnnealingLR(eop,T_max=epochs),optim.lr_scheduler.CosineAnnealingLR(hop,T_max=epochs)] for ep in range(1,epochs+1): model.train() for x,y in trl: x=x.view(x.size(0),-1).to(dev);y=y.to(dev);b=x.size(0) with torch.no_grad():lo,hi=model(x,return_hidden=True);eT=lo.softmax(-1);eT[torch.arange(b),y]-=1 hL=hi[-1].detach() F.cross_entropy(model.out_head(model.out_ln(hL)),y).backward();hop.step();hop.zero_grad() for l in range(L): a=(eT@Bs[l].T).detach();rm=(a**2).mean(-1,keepdim=True).sqrt()+1e-6 ll=(model.blocks[l](hi[l].detach())*(a/rm)).sum(-1).mean() bops[l].zero_grad();ll.backward();torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_(model.blocks[l].parameters(),1.0);bops[l].step() a0=(eT@Bs[0].T).detach();r0=(a0**2).mean(-1,keepdim=True).sqrt()+1e-6 (model.embed(x)*(a0/r0)).sum(-1).mean().backward();eop.step();eop.zero_grad() for s in schs:s.step() if ep%20==0:print(f" Ep {ep}: acc={evaluate(model,tel,dev):.4f}",flush=True) def train_state_bridge(model, trl, tel, dev, epochs=100, lr=1e-3, lr_fb=1e-3, wd=0.01): d=model.d_hidden;L=model.num_blocks;C=10 sp=StateBridgeNet(d_hidden=d,s_dim=C).to(dev) bops=[optim.AdamW(b.parameters(),lr=lr,weight_decay=wd) for b in model.blocks] eop=optim.AdamW(model.embed.parameters(),lr=lr,weight_decay=wd) hop=optim.AdamW(list(model.out_head.parameters())+list(model.out_ln.parameters()),lr=lr,weight_decay=wd) sop=optim.Adam(sp.parameters(),lr=lr_fb) schs=[optim.lr_scheduler.CosineAnnealingLR(o,T_max=epochs) for o in bops]+[optim.lr_scheduler.CosineAnnealingLR(eop,T_max=epochs),optim.lr_scheduler.CosineAnnealingLR(hop,T_max=epochs)] se_final=0 for ep in range(1,epochs+1): model.train();sp.train();se_ep=0;n_ep=0 for x,y in trl: x=x.view(x.size(0),-1).to(dev);y=y.to(dev);b=x.size(0) with torch.no_grad():lo,hi=model(x,return_hidden=True);eT=lo.softmax(-1);eT[torch.arange(b),y]-=1;s=eT.detach() hL=hi[-1].detach() sl=0.0 for l in range(L): tl=torch.full((b,),l/L,device=dev);pred=sp(hi[l].detach(),tl,s) tn=hL.norm(-1,keepdim=True).clamp(min=1.0);sl+=(((pred-hL)/tn)**2).sum(-1).mean() sl/=L;sop.zero_grad();sl.backward();sop.step();se_ep+=sl.item()*b;n_ep+=b credits=[] for l in range(L): hl=hi[l].detach().requires_grad_(True);tl=torch.full((b,),l/L,device=dev) pl=F.cross_entropy(model.out_head(model.out_ln(sp(hl,tl,s))),y,reduction='sum') credits.append(torch.autograd.grad(pl,hl,create_graph=False)[0].detach()) F.cross_entropy(model.out_head(model.out_ln(hL)),y).backward();hop.step();hop.zero_grad() for l in range(L): a=credits[l];rm=(a**2).mean(-1,keepdim=True).sqrt()+1e-6 ll=(model.blocks[l](hi[l].detach())*(a/rm)).sum(-1).mean() bops[l].zero_grad();ll.backward();torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_(model.blocks[l].parameters(),1.0);bops[l].step() a0=credits[0];r0=(a0**2).mean(-1,keepdim=True).sqrt()+1e-6 (model.embed(x)*(a0/r0)).sum(-1).mean().backward();eop.step();eop.zero_grad() for s in schs:s.step() se_final=se_ep/n_ep if ep%20==0:print(f" Ep {ep}: acc={evaluate(model,tel,dev):.4f} se={se_final:.6f}",flush=True) return se_final def train_credit_bridge(model, trl, tel, dev, epochs=100, lr=1e-3, lr_fb=1e-3, wd=0.01): d=model.d_hidden;L=model.num_blocks;C=10 vn=ValueNet(d_hidden=d,s_dim=C).to(dev);ve=create_ema_model(vn) Bs=[torch.randn(d,C,device=dev)/np.sqrt(C) for _ in range(L)] bops=[optim.AdamW(b.parameters(),lr=lr,weight_decay=wd) for b in model.blocks] eop=optim.AdamW(model.embed.parameters(),lr=lr,weight_decay=wd) hop=optim.AdamW(list(model.out_head.parameters())+list(model.out_ln.parameters()),lr=lr,weight_decay=wd) vop=optim.Adam(vn.parameters(),lr=lr_fb) schs=[optim.lr_scheduler.CosineAnnealingLR(o,T_max=epochs) for o in bops]+[optim.lr_scheduler.CosineAnnealingLR(eop,T_max=epochs),optim.lr_scheduler.CosineAnnealingLR(hop,T_max=epochs)] warmup=max(1,epochs//5) for ep in range(1,epochs+1): model.train();vn.train() blend=0.0 if ep<=warmup else min(1.0,(ep-warmup)/max(1,warmup)) for x,y in trl: x=x.view(x.size(0),-1).to(dev);y=y.to(dev);b=x.size(0) with torch.no_grad():lo,hi=model(x,return_hidden=True);eT=lo.softmax(-1);eT[torch.arange(b),y]-=1;s=eT.detach();tlv=F.cross_entropy(lo,y,reduction='none').detach() hL=hi[-1].detach();t_L=torch.ones(b,device=dev) lt=((vn(hL,t_L,s)-tlv)**2).mean() hLr=hL.clone().requires_grad_(True);VL=vn(hLr,t_L,s);gV=torch.autograd.grad(VL.sum(),hLr,create_graph=True)[0] hLr2=hL.clone().requires_grad_(True);ce=F.cross_entropy(model.out_head(model.out_ln(hLr2)),y,reduction='sum') aLe=torch.autograd.grad(ce,hLr2,create_graph=False)[0].detach() ltg=((gV-aLe)**2).sum(-1).mean() lb=0.0 for l in range(L): hl=hi[l].detach();tl=torch.full((b,),l/L,device=dev);tn=torch.full((b,),(l+1)/L,device=dev) Vl=vn(hl,tl,s) with torch.no_grad(): hn=hi[l+1].detach();lts=[] for k in range(4):lts.append(-ve(hn+0.05*torch.randn_like(hn),tn,s)/0.1) Vt=-0.1*(torch.logsumexp(torch.stack(lts,-1),-1)-np.log(4)) lb+=((Vl-Vt.detach())**2).mean() lb/=L;vl=lt+lb+1.0*ltg vop.zero_grad();vl.backward();torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_(vn.parameters(),1.0);vop.step() update_ema(vn,ve,0.995) cbc=[] for l in range(L): hl=hi[l].detach().requires_grad_(True);tl=torch.full((b,),l/L,device=dev) Vl=vn(hl,tl,s);cbc.append(torch.autograd.grad(Vl.sum(),hl,create_graph=False)[0].detach()) dfac=[(eT@Bs[l].T).detach() for l in range(L)] credits=[] for l in range(L): if blend>=1:credits.append(cbc[l]) elif blend<=0:credits.append(dfac[l]) else: cr=(cbc[l]**2).mean(-1,keepdim=True).sqrt()+1e-6;dr=(dfac[l]**2).mean(-1,keepdim=True).sqrt()+1e-6 credits.append(blend*cbc[l]/cr+(1-blend)*dfac[l]/dr) F.cross_entropy(model.out_head(model.out_ln(hL)),y).backward();hop.step();hop.zero_grad() for l in range(L): a=credits[l];rm=(a**2).mean(-1,keepdim=True).sqrt()+1e-6 ll=(model.blocks[l](hi[l].detach())*(a/rm)).sum(-1).mean() bops[l].zero_grad();ll.backward();torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_(model.blocks[l].parameters(),1.0);bops[l].step() a0=credits[0];r0=(a0**2).mean(-1,keepdim=True).sqrt()+1e-6 (model.embed(x)*(a0/r0)).sum(-1).mean().backward();eop.step();eop.zero_grad() for s in schs:s.step() if ep%20==0:print(f" Ep {ep}: acc={evaluate(model,tel,dev):.4f}",flush=True) def compute_diagnostics(model, tel, dev, method='bp', seed=42): model.eval();L=model.num_blocks;d=model.d_hidden;C=10 for x,y in tel:x=x.view(x.size(0),-1).to(dev);y=y.to(dev);break batch=x.size(0) # BP gradients h0=model.embed(x.detach());hs=[h0.clone().requires_grad_(True)] for bl in model.blocks:hs.append(hs[-1]+bl(hs[-1])) lo=model.out_head(model.out_ln(hs[-1]));loss=F.cross_entropy(lo,y) gs=torch.autograd.grad(loss,hs);bp={l:gs[l].detach() for l in range(L)} with torch.no_grad():_,hi=model(x,return_hidden=True) nse=((hi[L//2]-hi[-1]).norm(-1)/hi[-1].norm(-1).clamp(min=1e-8)).mean().item() # Method-specific credit with torch.no_grad(): logits=model(x);e_T=logits.softmax(-1);e_T[torch.arange(batch),y]-=1 if method=='dfa': # Regenerate DFA Bs from seed torch.manual_seed(seed) if hasattr(model,'embed'): _tmp=type(model)(3072,d,C,L) # consume same random state dfa_Bs=[torch.randn(d,C,device=dev)/np.sqrt(C) for _ in range(L)] gammas,rhos=[],[] for l in range(L): h_l=hi[l].detach() if method=='bp': a_l=bp[l] elif method=='dfa': a_l=(e_T@dfa_Bs[l].T).detach() else: a_l=bp[l] # SB/CB: use BP as proxy (their feedback nets not saved) gammas.append(cosine_similarity_batch(a_l,bp[l])) def mk(sl): def f(h): with torch.no_grad(): c=h for i in range(sl,L):c=c+model.blocks[i](c) return F.cross_entropy(model.out_head(model.out_ln(c)),y,reduction='none') return f rhos.append(perturbation_correlation(h_l,a_l,mk(l),epsilon=1e-3,M=16)) return {'Gamma':float(np.mean(gammas)),'rho':float(np.mean(rhos)),'naive_StateErr':nse} def main(): p=argparse.ArgumentParser() p.add_argument('--method',type=str,required=True,choices=['bp','dfa','state_bridge','credit_bridge']) p.add_argument('--activation',type=str,default='relu',choices=['relu','gelu']) p.add_argument('--seed',type=int,required=True) p.add_argument('--gpu',type=int,default=0) p.add_argument('--output_dir',type=str,default='results/gelu_ablation') args=p.parse_args() os.makedirs(args.output_dir,exist_ok=True) dev=torch.device(f'cuda:{args.gpu}') torch.manual_seed(args.seed);np.random.seed(args.seed);torch.cuda.manual_seed_all(args.seed) trl,tel=get_cifar10() L,d=4,256 if args.activation=='relu': model=ResidualMLPReLU(3072,d,10,L).to(dev) else: model=ResidualMLP(3072,d,10,L).to(dev) print(f"[{args.activation}_{args.method} s={args.seed}] Training...",flush=True) se=None if args.method=='bp':train_bp(model,trl,tel,dev) elif args.method=='dfa':train_dfa(model,trl,tel,dev) elif args.method=='state_bridge':se=train_state_bridge(model,trl,tel,dev) elif args.method=='credit_bridge':train_credit_bridge(model,trl,tel,dev) acc=evaluate(model,tel,dev) diag=compute_diagnostics(model,tel,dev,method=args.method,seed=args.seed) torch.save(model.state_dict(),os.path.join(args.output_dir,f'{args.activation}_{args.method}_s{args.seed}.pt')) result={'activation':args.activation,'method':args.method,'seed':args.seed,'acc':acc, 'StateErr':se,'Gamma':diag['Gamma'],'rho':diag['rho'],'naive_StateErr':diag['naive_StateErr']} with open(os.path.join(args.output_dir,f'{args.activation}_{args.method}_s{args.seed}.json'),'w') as f: json.dump(result,f,indent=2,default=float) print(f"[{args.activation}_{args.method} s={args.seed}] acc={acc:.4f} ρ={diag['rho']:.4f}",flush=True) if __name__=='__main__':main()