2026-08-29T18:34:08.451813 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.10.8, https://matplotlib.org/ 0 10 20 30 Final classification error (%) Clean Raw Static calibration Overclamp SDIL Overclamp + SDIL (a) Nonlinear CLLN with component errors 1 0 2 1 0 1 Residual sampling error (V/s, RMSE) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Final classification error (%) (b) Local sample-path mismatch Pedestal mismatch Gain mismatch 0 10 20 30 Final classification error (%) Ideal CDS Common pedestal Sample noise Refresh every 4 Mild combined Strong combined Overclamp + mild (c) Nonideal local sampling 40 tasks × 4 device draws; error bars are task-bootstrap 95% intervals