paper v2.39: restructure §1-§7 into subsection hierarchy (codex proposal)

Per codex consultation, refactored §1-§7 from "section + paragraph
headers" into proper \subsection{} hierarchy. 14 subsections total.

Key decisions (from codex):
- §3 (Mode 1) and §4 (Mode 2) kept SEPARATE, not merged. Avoids
  overcommitting to the Mode 2 → Mode 1 hypothesis too early in the
  narrative.
- §5 (Intervention + Cross-arch) kept as one section with two subsections.
  Splitting would create thin sections.
- Moved old §4 ¶4 "Method-dependent severity..." into new §5.1 "Penalty
  rescue and sweep" — it's intervention-stage evidence about method
  severity after Mode 1 is alleviated, fits with rescue/sweep/cost
  evidence rather than core Mode 2 identification.

New structure:

  §1 Introduction
    1.1 Standard FA reporting
    1.2 Two failure modes and contributions
  §2 Audit: Standard Reporting Walks Back Nothing
    2.1 Audit setup and probes
    2.2 The status-quo reading fails
  §3 Failure Mode 1: Measurement Degeneracy
    3.1 Mode 1 signatures
    3.2 Terminal-LN control
  §4 Failure Mode 2: Low Intrinsic Credit-Direction Quality
    4.1 Mode 2 under valid measurement
    4.2 Functional triangulation [paper's strongest new claim]
    4.3 From Mode 2 to Mode 1? [the causal hypothesis]
  §5 Intervention and Cross-Architecture Evidence
    5.1 Penalty rescue and sweep [absorbed old §4 ¶4]
    5.2 Cost and transfer
  §6 Recommended FA Evaluation Protocol
    6.1 Validity-first screening
    6.2 Diagnostic roles and calibration
  §7 Discussion, Limits, Conclusion
    7.1 Scope and reporting recommendation
    7.2 Open questions

All \paragraph{} inline bold headers from §1-§7 were stripped since the
\subsection{} hierarchy now carries the structure. Appendix A and B
(Pitfalls Catalog) retain their \paragraph{} headers since they're
structured by pitfall/concept rather than subsection.

Page count: 20 (unchanged). 0 errors, 0 overfull boxes.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

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