1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
|
"""
Quick test: Credit Bridge on CIFAR-10 with s=deltaL conditioning.
deltaL = grad_{h_L} CE(out_head(h_L), y) -- output-layer-local, dim=d_hidden.
This gives 512-dim conditioning instead of 10-dim e_T.
"""
import os
import sys
import json
import argparse
import time
import numpy as np
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
import torch.optim as optim
from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
import torchvision
import torchvision.transforms as transforms
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
from models.residual_mlp import ResidualMLP
from models.value_net import ValueNet, SinusoidalTimeEmbed, create_ema_model, update_ema
from metrics.credit_metrics import (
cosine_similarity_batch, perturbation_correlation, nudging_test
)
class ValueNetLargeS(nn.Module):
"""Value net with larger s_dim (for deltaL conditioning)."""
def __init__(self, d_hidden, s_dim, time_embed_dim=32, hidden_dim=256, num_layers=3):
super().__init__()
self.ln = nn.LayerNorm(d_hidden)
self.time_embed = SinusoidalTimeEmbed(time_embed_dim)
# Compress s to a fixed dim to keep value net manageable
self.s_compress = nn.Linear(s_dim, 64)
input_dim = d_hidden + time_embed_dim + 64
layers = []
for i in range(num_layers):
in_d = input_dim if i == 0 else hidden_dim
layers.append(nn.Linear(in_d, hidden_dim))
layers.append(nn.GELU())
layers.append(nn.Linear(hidden_dim, 1))
self.net = nn.Sequential(*layers)
def forward(self, h, t, s):
h_normed = self.ln(h)
t_emb = self.time_embed(t)
s_compressed = self.s_compress(s)
inp = torch.cat([h_normed, t_emb, s_compressed], dim=-1)
return self.net(inp).squeeze(-1)
def get_cifar10(batch_size=128):
transform_train = transforms.Compose([
transforms.RandomCrop(32, padding=4),
transforms.RandomHorizontalFlip(),
transforms.ToTensor(),
transforms.Normalize((0.4914, 0.4822, 0.4465), (0.2470, 0.2435, 0.2616)),
])
transform_test = transforms.Compose([
transforms.ToTensor(),
transforms.Normalize((0.4914, 0.4822, 0.4465), (0.2470, 0.2435, 0.2616)),
])
trainset = torchvision.datasets.CIFAR10(root='./data', train=True, download=True, transform=transform_train)
testset = torchvision.datasets.CIFAR10(root='./data', train=False, download=True, transform=transform_test)
train_loader = DataLoader(trainset, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=True, num_workers=4, pin_memory=True)
test_loader = DataLoader(testset, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=False, num_workers=4, pin_memory=True)
return train_loader, test_loader
def evaluate(model, test_loader, device):
model.eval()
correct, total = 0, 0
with torch.no_grad():
for x, y in test_loader:
x = x.view(x.size(0), -1).to(device)
y = y.to(device)
logits = model(x)
correct += (logits.argmax(1) == y).sum().item()
total += x.size(0)
return correct / total
def compute_deltaL(model, hL_det, y):
"""Compute delta_L = grad_{h_L} CE(out_head(out_ln(h_L)), y). Output-layer-local."""
hL_req = hL_det.clone().requires_grad_(True)
logits_local = model.out_head(model.out_ln(hL_req))
loss_local = F.cross_entropy(logits_local, y, reduction='sum')
delta_L = torch.autograd.grad(loss_local, hL_req, create_graph=False)[0].detach()
return delta_L
def train_cb_deltaL(model, train_loader, test_loader, device, args):
"""Credit bridge with s=deltaL conditioning."""
d = model.d_hidden
L = model.num_blocks
C = 10
warmup_epochs = max(1, args.epochs // 5)
value_net = ValueNetLargeS(d_hidden=d, s_dim=d, time_embed_dim=32,
hidden_dim=256, num_layers=3).to(device)
value_net_ema = create_ema_model(value_net)
Bs_fallback = [torch.randn(d, C, device=device) / np.sqrt(C) for _ in range(L)]
block_opts = [optim.AdamW(block.parameters(), lr=args.lr, weight_decay=args.wd)
for block in model.blocks]
embed_opt = optim.AdamW(model.embed.parameters(), lr=args.lr, weight_decay=args.wd)
head_opt = optim.AdamW(
list(model.out_head.parameters()) + list(model.out_ln.parameters()),
lr=args.lr, weight_decay=args.wd
)
value_opt = optim.Adam(value_net.parameters(), lr=args.lr_fb)
all_schedulers = ([optim.lr_scheduler.CosineAnnealingLR(o, T_max=args.epochs) for o in block_opts]
+ [optim.lr_scheduler.CosineAnnealingLR(embed_opt, T_max=args.epochs),
optim.lr_scheduler.CosineAnnealingLR(head_opt, T_max=args.epochs)])
log = {'train_loss': [], 'train_acc': [], 'test_acc': [], 'value_loss': []}
for epoch in range(1, args.epochs + 1):
model.train()
value_net.train()
total_loss, correct, total = 0, 0, 0
total_vloss = 0
if epoch <= warmup_epochs:
credit_blend = 0.0
else:
credit_blend = min(1.0, (epoch - warmup_epochs) / max(1, warmup_epochs))
for x, y in train_loader:
x = x.view(x.size(0), -1).to(device)
y = y.to(device)
batch = x.size(0)
with torch.no_grad():
logits, hiddens = model(x, return_hidden=True)
loss_val = F.cross_entropy(logits, y)
e_T = logits.softmax(dim=-1)
e_T[torch.arange(batch), y] -= 1
true_loss = F.cross_entropy(logits, y, reduction='none').detach()
hL_det = hiddens[-1].detach()
# Compute s = deltaL (output-layer-local gradient)
s = compute_deltaL(model, hL_det, y)
# Train value net
t_L = torch.ones(batch, device=device)
V_terminal = value_net(hL_det, t_L, s)
loss_term = ((V_terminal - true_loss) ** 2).mean()
# Terminal gradient matching
loss_tgrad = torch.tensor(0.0, device=device)
if args.term_grad_weight > 0:
hL_req = hL_det.clone().requires_grad_(True)
V_at_L = value_net(hL_req, t_L, s)
grad_V_L = torch.autograd.grad(V_at_L.sum(), hL_req, create_graph=True)[0]
# a_L_exact is just s (deltaL) itself
a_L_exact = s
loss_tgrad = ((grad_V_L - a_L_exact) ** 2).sum(dim=-1).mean()
# Bridge consistency
loss_bridge = 0.0
for l in range(L):
h_l_det = hiddens[l].detach()
t_l = torch.full((batch,), l / L, device=device)
t_l_next = torch.full((batch,), (l + 1) / L, device=device)
V_l = value_net(h_l_det, t_l, s)
with torch.no_grad():
h_next_det = hiddens[l + 1].detach()
log_terms = []
for k in range(args.K):
noise = args.sigma_bridge * torch.randn_like(h_next_det)
V_next = value_net_ema(h_next_det + noise, t_l_next, s)
log_terms.append(-V_next / args.lam)
log_stack = torch.stack(log_terms, dim=-1)
V_target = -args.lam * (torch.logsumexp(log_stack, dim=-1) - np.log(args.K))
loss_bridge = loss_bridge + ((V_l - V_target.detach()) ** 2).mean()
loss_bridge = loss_bridge / L
value_loss = loss_term + loss_bridge + args.term_grad_weight * loss_tgrad
value_opt.zero_grad()
value_loss.backward()
torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_(value_net.parameters(), 1.0)
value_opt.step()
update_ema(value_net, value_net_ema, args.ema_momentum)
total_vloss += value_loss.item() * batch
# Compute credits
cb_credits = []
for l in range(L):
h_l_det = hiddens[l].detach().requires_grad_(True)
t_l = torch.full((batch,), l / L, device=device)
V_l = value_net(h_l_det, t_l, s)
a_l = torch.autograd.grad(V_l.sum(), h_l_det, create_graph=False)[0]
cb_credits.append(a_l.detach())
dfa_credits = [(e_T @ Bs_fallback[l].T).detach() for l in range(L)]
credits = []
for l in range(L):
if credit_blend >= 1.0:
a = cb_credits[l]
elif credit_blend <= 0.0:
a = dfa_credits[l]
else:
cb_rms = (cb_credits[l] ** 2).mean(dim=-1, keepdim=True).sqrt() + 1e-6
dfa_rms = (dfa_credits[l] ** 2).mean(dim=-1, keepdim=True).sqrt() + 1e-6
a = credit_blend * (cb_credits[l] / cb_rms) + (1 - credit_blend) * (dfa_credits[l] / dfa_rms)
credits.append(a)
# Update output head
logits_out = model.out_head(model.out_ln(hL_det))
loss_out = F.cross_entropy(logits_out, y)
head_opt.zero_grad()
loss_out.backward()
head_opt.step()
# Update blocks
for l in range(L):
h_l = hiddens[l].detach()
a = credits[l]
rms = (a ** 2).mean(dim=-1, keepdim=True).sqrt() + 1e-6
a_norm = a / rms
f_l = model.blocks[l](h_l)
local_loss = (f_l * a_norm).sum(dim=-1).mean()
block_opts[l].zero_grad()
local_loss.backward()
torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_(model.blocks[l].parameters(), 1.0)
block_opts[l].step()
# Update embedding
a_0 = credits[0]
rms_0 = (a_0 ** 2).mean(dim=-1, keepdim=True).sqrt() + 1e-6
a_0_norm = a_0 / rms_0
h0 = model.embed(x)
embed_loss = (h0 * a_0_norm).sum(dim=-1).mean()
embed_opt.zero_grad()
embed_loss.backward()
embed_opt.step()
total_loss += loss_val.item() * batch
correct += (logits.argmax(1) == y).sum().item()
total += batch
for sch in all_schedulers:
sch.step()
log['train_loss'].append(total_loss / total)
log['train_acc'].append(correct / total)
log['test_acc'].append(evaluate(model, test_loader, device))
log['value_loss'].append(total_vloss / total)
if epoch % 10 == 0 or epoch == 1:
phase = "warmup" if epoch <= warmup_epochs else f"blend={credit_blend:.2f}"
print(f" [CB-deltaL] Ep {epoch} ({phase}): loss={log['train_loss'][-1]:.4f} "
f"train={log['train_acc'][-1]:.4f} test={log['test_acc'][-1]:.4f} "
f"vloss={log['value_loss'][-1]:.6f}")
return log, value_net
def compute_diagnostics(model, value_net, test_loader, device, args):
model.eval()
value_net.eval()
d = model.d_hidden
L = model.num_blocks
for x, y in test_loader:
x = x.view(x.size(0), -1).to(device)
y = y.to(device)
break
batch = x.size(0)
# BP gradients
logits_bp, hiddens_bp = model(x, return_hidden=True)
for l in range(L + 1):
hiddens_bp[l].retain_grad()
loss_bp = F.cross_entropy(logits_bp, y)
loss_bp.backward()
bp_grads = {l: hiddens_bp[l].grad.detach().clone() for l in range(L + 1)}
with torch.no_grad():
logits, hiddens = model(x, return_hidden=True)
hL_det = hiddens[-1].detach()
s = compute_deltaL(model, hL_det, y)
results = {'bp_cosine': [], 'perturbation_rho': [], 'nudging': {'0.01': []}}
for l in range(L):
h_l = hiddens[l].detach()
t_l = torch.full((batch,), l / L, device=device)
h_l_req = h_l.clone().requires_grad_(True)
V_l = value_net(h_l_req, t_l, s)
a_l = torch.autograd.grad(V_l.sum(), h_l_req, create_graph=False)[0].detach()
bp_cos = cosine_similarity_batch(a_l, bp_grads[l])
results['bp_cosine'].append(bp_cos)
def make_fwd_fn(start_l):
def fwd_fn(h):
with torch.no_grad():
curr = h
for i in range(start_l, L):
curr = curr + model.blocks[i](curr)
out = model.out_head(model.out_ln(curr))
return F.cross_entropy(out, y, reduction='none')
return fwd_fn
fwd_fn = make_fwd_fn(l)
rho = perturbation_correlation(h_l, a_l, fwd_fn, epsilon=1e-3, M=16)
results['perturbation_rho'].append(rho)
nud = nudging_test(h_l, a_l, fwd_fn, eta=0.01)
results['nudging']['0.01'].append(nud)
return results
def main():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('--d_hidden', type=int, default=512)
parser.add_argument('--num_blocks', type=int, default=4)
parser.add_argument('--batch_size', type=int, default=128)
parser.add_argument('--epochs', type=int, default=100)
parser.add_argument('--lr', type=float, default=1e-3)
parser.add_argument('--lr_fb', type=float, default=1e-3)
parser.add_argument('--wd', type=float, default=0.01)
parser.add_argument('--lam', type=float, default=0.1)
parser.add_argument('--K', type=int, default=4)
parser.add_argument('--sigma_bridge', type=float, default=0.05)
parser.add_argument('--ema_momentum', type=float, default=0.995)
parser.add_argument('--term_grad_weight', type=float, default=1.0)
parser.add_argument('--seed', type=int, default=42)
parser.add_argument('--gpu', type=int, default=1)
parser.add_argument('--output_dir', type=str, default='results/cifar_deltaL')
args = parser.parse_args()
device = torch.device(f'cuda:{args.gpu}' if torch.cuda.is_available() else 'cpu')
print(f"Device: {device}")
os.makedirs(args.output_dir, exist_ok=True)
torch.manual_seed(args.seed)
np.random.seed(args.seed)
torch.cuda.manual_seed_all(args.seed)
train_loader, test_loader = get_cifar10(args.batch_size)
input_dim = 32 * 32 * 3
model = ResidualMLP(input_dim, args.d_hidden, 10, args.num_blocks).to(device)
print(f"Model: d={args.d_hidden}, L={args.num_blocks}")
print(f"Conditioning: s=deltaL (dim={args.d_hidden})")
t0 = time.time()
log, vnet = train_cb_deltaL(model, train_loader, test_loader, device, args)
elapsed = time.time() - t0
diag = compute_diagnostics(model, vnet, test_loader, device, args)
mean_gamma = np.mean(diag['bp_cosine'])
mean_rho = np.mean(diag['perturbation_rho'])
mean_nudge = np.mean(diag['nudging']['0.01'])
print(f"\nDone in {elapsed:.0f}s")
print(f"Test acc: {log['test_acc'][-1]:.4f}")
print(f"Mean Gamma: {mean_gamma:.4f}")
print(f"Mean rho: {mean_rho:.4f}")
print(f"Mean nudge: {mean_nudge:.6f}")
print(f"Gamma per layer: {[round(g, 4) for g in diag['bp_cosine']]}")
print(f"rho per layer: {[round(r, 4) for r in diag['perturbation_rho']]}")
result = {
'test_acc': log['test_acc'][-1],
'mean_gamma': float(mean_gamma),
'mean_rho': float(mean_rho),
'mean_nudge': float(mean_nudge),
'gamma_per_layer': [float(g) for g in diag['bp_cosine']],
'rho_per_layer': [float(r) for r in diag['perturbation_rho']],
'log': log,
}
out_path = os.path.join(args.output_dir, f'cb_deltaL_d{args.d_hidden}_L{args.num_blocks}_s{args.seed}.json')
with open(out_path, 'w') as f:
json.dump(result, f, indent=2)
print(f"Saved to {out_path}")
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
|