path: root/data/analysis/none.json

[
  {
    "index": "AAS 100",
    "name": "Intro Asian American Studies",
    "description": "Interdisciplinary introduction to the basic concepts and approaches in Asian American Studies. Surveys the various dimensions of Asian American experiences including history, social organization, literature, arts, and politics.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 105",
    "name": "Introduction to Arab American Studies",
    "description": "Interdisciplinary introduction to the basic concepts and approaches in Arab American Studies. Addresses the issues of history, race, social organization, politics, literature, and art related to Arab American experiences.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 120",
    "name": "Intro to Asian Am Pop Culture",
    "description": "Introductory understanding of the way U.S. popular culture has affected Asian Americans and the contributions Asian Americans have made to U.S. media and popular culture since the mid 1880's.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated to a maximum of 6 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 200",
    "name": "U.S. Race and Empire",
    "description": "Invites students to examine histories and narratives of U.S. race and empire, drawing upon multiple theoretical and methodological works in Asian American studies and related fields. Same as LLS 200.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 201",
    "name": "US Racial & Ethnic Politics",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 201, LLS 201, and PS 201. See PS 201.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 246",
    "name": "Asian American Youth in Film",
    "description": "Examines both mainstream and independent films and documentaries representing and/or produced by Asian American youth. Explores the role of multiculturalism and diversity issues in informing young people's experiences.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 258",
    "name": "Muslims in America",
    "description": "Introduction to the study of Muslims in the United States and broadly the history of Islam in the Americas. Using a comparative approach, we study how the historical narrative of African American and Latino Muslims relates to newer immigrant populations, primarily Arab American and South Asian American Muslim communities. Same as LLS 258 and REL 258.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 260",
    "name": "Intro Asian American Theatre",
    "description": "Same as THEA 260. See THEA 260.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 275",
    "name": "The Politics of Fashion",
    "description": "Same as GWS 275. See GWS 275.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 281",
    "name": "Constructing Race in America",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 281, HIST 281, and LLS 281. See HIST 281.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 282",
    "name": "Feminist and Queer Activisms",
    "description": "Same as GWS 282 and LLS 282. See GWS 282.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 283",
    "name": "Asian American History",
    "description": "Same as HIST 283. See HIST 283.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 286",
    "name": "Asian American Literature",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 286. See ENGL 286.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 288",
    "name": "Global Islam and Feminisms",
    "description": "Same as GWS 288. See GWS 288.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 291",
    "name": "Hinduism in the United States",
    "description": "Same as REL 291. See REL 291.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 297",
    "name": "Asian Families in America",
    "description": "Same as HDFS 221 and SOCW 297. See SOCW 297.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 299",
    "name": "Begin Topics Asian Am Studies",
    "description": "May be repeated in the same or subsequent terms to a maximum of 6 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 300",
    "name": "Theories of Race, Gender, and Sexuality",
    "description": "Explores theories for performing interdisciplinary, intersectional and comparative studies within the field of Asian American studies. Follows multiple genealogies of critical work in ethnic and American studies. Same as GWS 305 and LLS 305.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 310",
    "name": "Race and Cultural Diversity",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 310, EPOL 310, and LLS 310. See EPOL 310.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 317",
    "name": "Asian American Politics",
    "description": "Same as PS 317. See PS 317.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 343",
    "name": "Criminalization and Punishment",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 343, AIS 343, GWS 343, and LLS 343. See LLS 343.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 346",
    "name": "Asian American Youth",
    "description": "Explores cultural production of second-generation Asian American youth as a historical and social formation. Course examines how youth are actively shaping the U.S. landscape in terms of identity formation, youth, culture, education, juvenile justice, politics and activism, and community formations. These experiences are examined in backdrop of larger historical, economic, racial, social and political forces in the United States. Same as HDFS 341.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 355",
    "name": "Race and Mixed Race",
    "description": "Same as LLS 355 and SOC 355. See LLS 355.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 357",
    "name": "Literatures of the Displaced",
    "description": "Same as AIS 357, ENGL 357, GWS 357, and LLS 357. See LLS 357.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 370",
    "name": "Immigration, Law, and Rights",
    "description": "Exploration of the histories, cultures, and experiences of immigration to the United States by examining cultural production (literary and visual narratives and texts) alongside legal discourses (legislation, federal court cases). Same as LLS 372.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 375",
    "name": "Prisons, Race, and Terror",
    "description": "Examination of the U.S. prison regime, focusing on three dimensions of U.S. imprisonment -- criminal justice, immigrant detention, and martial imprisonment, particularly under the War on Terror. Same as LLS 377.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 390",
    "name": "Intermed Topics Asian Am St",
    "description": "May be repeated in the same or subsequent terms to a maximum of 6 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 400",
    "name": "Critical Ethnic Studies",
    "description": "Examines the formation of the field of Critical Ethnic Studies and elaborates its key concepts, such as settler colonialism, indigeneity, heteropatriarchy, decolonization, and liberation. Same as LLS 460. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 402",
    "name": "Asian American Education",
    "description": "Same as EPOL 402. See EPOL 402.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 435",
    "name": "Commodifying Difference",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 435, GWS 435, LLS 435, and MACS 432. See LLS 435.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 464",
    "name": "Theories & Theologies of Liberation",
    "description": "Same as ANTH 464, GWS 464, and REL 464. See GWS 464.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 465",
    "name": "Race, Sex, and Deviance",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 465, GWS 465, and LLS 465. See LLS 465.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 479",
    "name": "Race, Medicine, and Society",
    "description": "Same as ANTH 479 and LLS 479. See LLS 479.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 494",
    "name": "Writing with Performance: Politics of Love",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 494, FAA 494, GWS 494, THEA 484. See FAA 494.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 495",
    "name": "Minoritarian Aesthetics Practicum",
    "description": "Same as  ENGL 495, FAA 495, GWS 425, and THEA 468. See FAA 495.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 496",
    "name": "Experiments in Queer Performance",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 496, FAA 496, GWS 496, and THEA 486. See FAA 496.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 501",
    "name": "Theory and Methods in AAS",
    "description": "Foundational gateway course for graduate study in Asian American Studies, examining the political, historical, epistemological, and cultural bases of the field through an intensive reading of canonical works and study of core concepts in the field. Also highlights the problems of interdisciplinary research and scholarship and adopts an intersectional and coalitional approach to Asian American Studies as it assumes the necessary linkages between other areas in ethic/racial and gender/sexuality studies.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 539",
    "name": "Youth, Culture and Society",
    "description": "Examines youth as a historically and culturally specific social formation; examines discursive and material positioning of youth within broader intersecting racial, cultural, socio-economic, gender and political contexts to situate youth and youth cultural practices within global and local processes. Specific topics include youth cultures, juvenile justice, education, labor, consumerism, politics, sexuality and activism, as well as methodological considerations of conducting research on youth. Same as EPOL 518, and HDFS 539. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 561",
    "name": "Race and Cultural Critique",
    "description": "Introduction to graduate level theoretical and methodological approaches in Comparative Race Studies. As a survey of theories of race and racism and the methodology of critique, this course offers an interdisciplinary approach that draws from anthropology, sociology, history, literature, cultural studies, and gender/sexuality studies. In addition, the study of racial and cultural formation is examined from a comparative perspective in the scholarship of racialized and Gender and Women's Studies. Same as AFRO 531, ANTH 565, GWS 561, and LLS 561.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 594",
    "name": "Writing the Minor - Minoritarian Aesthetics",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 594, FAA 594, GWS 594, and THEA 594. See FAA 594.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AAS 596",
    "name": "Experiments in Minoritarian Aesthetics",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 596, FAA 596, GWS 596, and THEA 596. See FAA 596.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ABE 127",
    "name": "Introduction to Agricultural & Biological Engineering",
    "description": "Introduction to the engineering profession with career opportunities in the agricultural and biological engineering disciplines. Interactive class activities include concepts necessary for becoming a successful engineer including time management, design concepts, ethics, and team building. Students become familiar with laboratories, computer facilities, and other opportunities that are available to agricultural and biological engineering students. Class emphasis is on problem-solving skills, information synthesis, and technical communication. May not receive credit for both ABE 100 and ABE 127.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ABE 128",
    "name": "Applied Biology for Agricultural and Biological Engineers",
    "description": "Principles of biology relevant to agriculture, food, energy, and the environment, including microbiology, biochemistry, genetics, plant and animal systems, and ecosystems. Case studies of engineering applications where these biological principles have been taken into account or leveraged for the purpose of design. Credit not given for both ABE 128 and ABE 141.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ABE 152",
    "name": "Water in the Global Environment",
    "description": "This course develops a comprehensive understanding and appreciation of water and its impact in a global context. The course emphasizes cultural practices associated with water and its use, especially for regions in non-western cultures. Students will develop critical knowledge of: 1) water availability, water quality, and global challenges; 2) historical perspectives of water use; 3) past, present, and future environmental sustainability in relation to water, food, and energy; and 4) conduct analysis of cultural practices and their sustainability based on water in a global context. Students attend 3-4 field trips related to the course.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ABE 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ABE 232",
    "name": "Context in International Interventions",
    "description": "This multi-disciplinary course will examine a new approach to infrastructure engineering for alternately developed societies that seeks to counteract the disconnects and differing objectives among project stakeholders that result in lack of infrastructure sustainability and resiliency. Using a case study from Western Africa, the course will consider the impact of globalization, the attitudes of industrialized societies, and the role of place-based knowledge in designing and implementing infrastructure interventions for rural societies. Same as AFST 233.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ABE 398",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in agricultural and biological engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. May be repeated in the same or separate term if topics vary to a maximum of 12 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ABE 430",
    "name": "Project Management",
    "description": "Engineering team effectiveness; project definition; assessing related technologies; marketing and business planning related to engineering; budgeting and financial analyses of engineering projects; safety, ethics and environmental considerations; intellectual property; engineering proposal presentation. Same as ETMA 430. 2 undergraduate hours. 2 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ABE 445",
    "name": "Statistical Methods",
    "description": "Same as ANSC 445 and NRES 445. See ANSC 445.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ABE 450",
    "name": "International Water Project I",
    "description": "First of two courses that assists an international rural community in establishing a sustainable water system. Serve a developing community effectively by working closely with alumni mentors and professional advisors on conceptual design development. Have the opportunity to travel to Honduras during Winter Break. Open to students in all majors. Same as LAST 440. 3 undergraduate hours. No graduate credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ABE 452",
    "name": "Engineering for Disaster Resilience",
    "description": "A project-based experience designed to engage students in development of resilient food, energy, and water supply chains designs for disaster-prone regions. Students will investigate background factors that provide context for specific disaster-prone regions and viable design solutions. Students will quantify expected engineering reliability to potential solutions. Students will work with local communities, aid organizations, and peer institutions when identifying resilient designs, eventually seeking pathways to implement solutions with partner communities. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours. May be repeated one time by undergraduate students if the term project differs from previous term, up to total credit of 6 hr for undergraduate students.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ABE 482",
    "name": "Package Engineering",
    "description": "Same as FSHN 469. See FSHN 469.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ABE 498",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in agricultural and biological engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. 1 to 4 undergraduate hours. 1 to 4 graduate hours. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary to a maximum of 16 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ABE 532",
    "name": "Advanced Contextual Design",
    "description": "Contextual Engineering addresses the loss of infrastructure usability, sustainability, and resiliency in non-industrialized societal settings that often results from disconnects and differing objectives among stakeholders. Using case studies and technical infrastructure designs, the impacts of globalization, Western attitudes, power dynamics, and place-based knowledge are explored and applied to infrastructure design and implementation processes, particularly when serving rural societies. Application of these concepts will then be conducted for specific design efforts associated with the student's own engineering discipline. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ABE 594",
    "name": "Graduate Seminar",
    "description": "Presentations of thesis research by graduate students; other presentations on teaching or current research issues related to agricultural and biological engineering. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated up to a maximum of 6 times.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ABE 598",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in agricultural and biological engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary to a maximum of 8 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ABE 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACCY 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACCY 321",
    "name": "Principles of Public Policy",
    "description": "Same as ACE 321, BADM 303, and PS 321. See PS 321.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACCY 516",
    "name": "Professional Responsibility and Ethics for Accountants",
    "description": "Covers key principles of accountants' professional responsibility in their jobs, organizations, and careers, and adopts both theoretical and practical perspectives of the role of ethics and morals within the accounting discipline. The course begins with a general overview of these key constructs and principles, including various philosophies from a variety of disciplines and cultures. Next, the course provides a historical perspective of major instances of accounting-related \"failures\" and \"successes\" in the area of professional responsibility and ethics. This historical perspective provides the underlying reasoning for many contemporary codes of conduct, ethics, and professional guidelines. A variety of experiential learning opportunities will help students explore and develop their own perspective on ethics and morals, and how these principles affect their professional roles, responsibilities, and choices. 3 or 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACCY 557",
    "name": "Accounting Periods and Methods",
    "description": "Covers federal income tax rules concerning the choice, utilization, and changes regarding tax accounting periods and methods, including the following: overall methods of accounting, revenue recognition, deductions, capitalization, accounting periods, and certain other special tax accounting concepts available to taxpayers. 2 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACCY 558",
    "name": "Taxation of Closely-Held Bus.",
    "description": "The course analyzes the taxation and planning opportunities associated with all types of closely-held business entities and their stakeholders, including the tax impact of operating as an S corporation, converting from a C corporation to an S corporation, distributions, redemptions, liquidations, and termination of entities, at risk limitations, compensation vs. dividends, and fringe benefits. It also covers tax-exempt organizations.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACCY 559",
    "name": "Tax Policy",
    "description": "A normative analysis of the structure and design of the tax system including the tenets of good tax policy; and the theoretical and empirical analysis of the impact of taxation on the economic system. 2 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACCY 562",
    "name": "Tax Procedures",
    "description": "An in-depth analysis of IRS Procedures including the processes through which tax laws are enacted, interpreted, administered and applied, along with the remedies available to taxpayers within the tax controversy framework of the IRS, Federal government and the court system. 2 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACCY 563",
    "name": "Consolidated Returns",
    "description": "Analyzes the technical tax law governing consolidated tax returns. Designed to further develop concepts discussed in the Corporate and Closely-Held Business courses. 2 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACCY 564",
    "name": "Reorganizations",
    "description": "Analyze the technical tax law governing corporate reorganizations. Designed to further develop concepts discussed in the Corporate Tax, Closely-Held Business as well as the Taxes ad Business Strategies courses. 2 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACCY 569",
    "name": "Data Driven Decisions in Accounting",
    "description": "This course prepares accounting students to use analytic software to explore, visualize, and statistically analyze accounting data. 2 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACCY 576",
    "name": "Data Preparation for Accounting",
    "description": "This course focuses on developing Python skills for assembling business data, taught within the context of multiple accounting settings (e.g., financial statement data, stock data, loan data, point-of-sale data, etc.). 2 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACCY 595",
    "name": "Models of Decision and Choice",
    "description": "Same as PS 528 and PSYC 534. See PSYC 534.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACCY 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Individual direction and guidance in writing theses; seminar discussion of progress made. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 100",
    "name": "Introduction to Applied Microeconomics",
    "description": "Provides students an introduction to microeconomics by examining such topics as: individual and household decision-making regarding how to spend income and how many hours to work; decision-making by firms about production quantities, how many workers to hire, and what price to charge to maximize profits; the well-being of consumers in competitive markets compared to oligopolies and monopolies; and the role of government when markets fail (e.g., environmental, anti-trust, labor market issues, etc.). Credit is not given toward graduation for ACE 100 if credit for ECON 102 has been earned.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 123",
    "name": "Introduction to ACE",
    "description": "Introductory course for students in the Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics to ensure success in their academic journey. Through class discussions and assignments, students will develop skills that will aid in learning, explore the academic environment at Illinois, and build community inside and outside the classroom. Credit is not given toward graduation for ACE 123 and ACES 101. Required of and limited to first-year students enrolled in the Department of Agricultural & Consumer Economics. Must register for one lecture and one discussion section.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 161",
    "name": "Microcomputer Applications",
    "description": "Instruction and practice in solving data-related problems with microcomputers and general purpose software packages.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Experimental course on a special topic in agricultural and consumer economics. Topic may not be repeated except in accordance with the Code. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated if topics vary, up to 5 hours in the same semester, to a maximum of 12 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 203",
    "name": "Introduction to Public Policy and Law",
    "description": "Introduces students to public policy and law through federal legislation addressing agriculture, food, natural resources and rural economic development. Also introduces students to basic legal issues regarding judicial review of statutes, statutory interpretation and the Constitutional limits on Congressional powers. In addition to lectures, students will also participate in simulated legislative drafting efforts through assigned historic roles of committee members to write legislative proposals, debate and amendments.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 210",
    "name": "Environmental Economics",
    "description": "Applies economic tools to analyze environmental problems and public policy formation. We will study human behavior to understand why environmental problems occur and our choice of policy tools to address problems. We will explore and critique current environmental policies in the U.S. and globally in a rigorous and constructive manner and the role of private-sector agents in solving environmental problems. Through this course, you will build your capacity for critical thinking and problem-solving. Same as ECON 210, ENVS 210, NRES 210, and UP 210.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 220",
    "name": "Introduction to Sales: Principles and Strategies",
    "description": "Prepares students for a variety of professional careers in business, marketing, and sales. Explores the human elements of business and introduces students to professional selling, marketing, sales strategies, human psychology, and communication of value while exploring tips & tricks about relationship selling from professionals working in the field. Students will be expected to participate in class discussions and complete exercises that use “real-world” examples in selling. Credit is not given toward graduation for ACE 220 if credit for ACE 199 SPS has been earned.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 221",
    "name": "Negotiation",
    "description": "This course is an introduction to negotiation, with an emphasis on practical and useful knowledge that students can use throughout their financial lives, including negotiating job offers, auto purchases and sales, and residential purchases and sales. Credit is not given for ACE 221 if credit for ACE 199 NPS has been earned.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 222",
    "name": "Agricultural Marketing",
    "description": "Examines factors affecting the size of the market for agricultural products and the scope of marketing activities; functions and services performed; pricing agricultural products, including the nature and causes of price fluctuations; and costs of marketing and efforts to reduce costs and improve the marketing system.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 231",
    "name": "Food and Agribusiness Mgt",
    "description": "Overview of management in the food and agribusiness sector. Major topics covered include: introduction to the food and agribusiness sector; the environment of the firm; fundamentals, structural design, and change in organizations; leadership, motivation, communication; and planning and control. Coverage is at the introductory level with a focus on textbook material and current issues.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 232",
    "name": "Farm Management",
    "description": "Economic principles are applied to the management of farms using budgeting system analysis, record analysis, financial management, and lease analysis. Problems related to resource appraisal and business organization are also addressed.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 240",
    "name": "Personal Financial Planning",
    "description": "Examines principles of financial planning applied to individuals and households, with attention to organizing and analyzing financial information, budgeting, acquiring financial assets, managing credit, planning for taxes, investments, risk management, retirement, and estate planning.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 242",
    "name": "Women, Money, and Power",
    "description": "Women, Money, and Power will explore and develop money stories, managing money, workplace challenges, career advice, entrepreneurship, and empowerment. The course will present topics in an open and candid atmosphere, challenging historical perspectives and stereotypes about women and money. Students will learn from female financial planning professionals and entrepreneurs about their journeys. Students will leave this course with an understanding of issues women face in the financial world. Credit is not given towards graduation for ACE 242 if credit for ACE 199 AL has been earned.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 254",
    "name": "Economic Systems in Africa",
    "description": "Examines the fundamentals of economic development in Africa. It will provide students the tools and concepts to think about development in a way that is consistent with economic theory, informed by empirical research, and practically connected to policy. The course will discuss issues that the region faces related to economic growth, poverty, population, health, education, gender, agriculture, and climate change. Same as AFST 254.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 255",
    "name": "Economics of Food and Environmental Justice",
    "description": "Access to food and a healthy environment varies across rural/urban location, race, gender, and income in the U.S. Students in this course will analyze questions of \"food justice\" and \"environmental justice\" through the lens of economic theory. Students will learn important concepts in the scholarship of minority cultures, learn facts about how food security and experience of environmental quality varies among groups in the U.S., and learn how to use economic theory to understand those patterns and analyze policies to correct inequities.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 262",
    "name": "Applied Statistical Methods and Data Analytics I",
    "description": "Statistics is a key tool in the data analysis process involving data collection, description, analysis, and results interpretation. This course discusses how to collect and analyze data using descriptive statistics. Random variables, probability distributions, hypothesis testing, simple linear regression, linear systems, matrices, and the theoretical underpinnings of these concepts are introduced. Emphasis is placed on examples from the field of economics to enhance students’ ability to apply appropriate models to professional and everyday problems. Credit is not given toward graduation for ACE 262 if credit for any of ECON 202, CPSC 241, STAT 100, or equivalent has been earned.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 306",
    "name": "Food Law",
    "description": "Explores the legal and political dimensions of food law, policy and trade in the United States and major trading partners. Examines the development of major national and state laws that apply to production, distribution and retail sale of food. Evaluates current issues in food regulation, including: biotechnology, organics, health labeling claims, food safety and products liability litigation. Discusses food regulation in other countries within the context of international treaties such as the World Trade Organization and United Nations.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 321",
    "name": "Principles of Public Policy",
    "description": "Same as ACCY 321, BADM 303, and PS 321. See PS 321.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 335",
    "name": "Food Marketing and Behavior",
    "description": "This course will explore the food choices consumers make and what this means in the food and agribusiness industries. Students will also learn how to conduct basic research related to consumer behavior, including developing a research question, designing high quality surveys/experiments, and analyzing data.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 341",
    "name": "Issues&Careers in Applied Econ",
    "description": "Students study contemporary issues and career opportunities associated with various concentrations in the Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics. An in-depth dialogue with industry professionals helps develop an understanding of the skill sets needed to succeed in each of the different career paths discussed. May not be repeated for credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 398",
    "name": "Experiential Learning",
    "description": "Experiential learning on a special topic in a field of study directly pertaining to subject matter in agricultural and consumer economics. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated up to 12 hours, if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 452",
    "name": "The Latin American Economies",
    "description": "Same as ECON 452. See ECON 452.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 499",
    "name": "Contemporary Topics in ACE",
    "description": "Group discussion or an experimental course on a special topic in agricultural and consumer economics. 1 to 4 undergraduate hours. 1 to 4 graduate hours. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same semester to 4 hours, or subsequent terms to a maximum of 12 hours as topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 500",
    "name": "Applied Economic Theory",
    "description": "Provides an understanding of theory of the firm, consumer economics and various market models necessary to conduct applied professional economic research with special emphasis on applications relevant to agricultural, consumer, development, and resource economics. Multivariate calculus and optimization methods are used.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 516",
    "name": "Environmental Economics",
    "description": "Same as ECON 549. See ECON 549.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 591",
    "name": "Independent Study",
    "description": "Individual research work under the supervision of an appropriate member of the faculty. Approved for both letter and S/U grading.  May be repeated to a maximum of 8 hours if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 592",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Group instruction on a special topic under the direction of one or more members of the faculty. Approved for both letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in a semester to a maximum of 8 hours. May be repeated to a maximum of 24 total hours, if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 594",
    "name": "Seminars and Workshops",
    "description": "Participation in a seminar or workshop with other graduate students and faculty members. Approved for both letter and S/U grading. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACE 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Individual research under supervision of members of the graduate teaching faculty in their respective fields. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACES 101",
    "name": "Contemporary Issues in ACES",
    "description": "Study of contemporary issues in the human, food and natural resource systems, and an overview of the role of the College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences and the University of Illinois in these systems. Required of and limited to new  freshmen enrolled in the College of ACES.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACES 102",
    "name": "Intro Sustainable Food Systems",
    "description": "An objective approach towards critical systems thinking and towards collaborative analysis across multiple disciplines for the development, production, preparation, consumption, and utilization of food, feed, fiber and energy, while managing the disposal and reuse of byproducts, within complex socioeconomic, ecological and environmental systems. Students will be introduced to the fundamentals of modern crop, livestock, and other agricultural production systems, and consider the future challenges and opportunities in producing enough for a growing world population.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACES 179",
    "name": "History of Ag in IL Since 1860",
    "description": "An introduction to the history of agriculture in the rural Midwest with an emphasis on Illinois based on an analysis of the attitudes of indigenous peoples, immigrants, farmers and agribusiness interests toward land, labor, crop selection and production, and technology. The course compares the regional characteristics of the rural Midwest to other U.S. regions, and explores factors that created the American \"breadbasket,\" a region recognized for the commodities, equipment and ideas that it exports to the world.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACES 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Experimental course on a special topic in the College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated as topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACES 200",
    "name": "ACES Transfer Orientation",
    "description": "Introduction to College of ACES and campus resources for students new to the College of ACES. Required of all off campus transfer students and optional for Inter College Transfer students. First eight weeks course. Approved for S/U grading only.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ACES 499",
    "name": "Interdisciplinary ACES Seminar",
    "description": "Platform for experimental courses on special interdisciplinary topics within the agricultural, consumer and environmental sciences. Designed to provide upper-level undergraduates and graduate students with access to subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge across the ACES curricula. 0 to 4 undergraduate hours. 0 to 4 graduate hours. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated to a maximum of 8 hours in the same term and 12 hours in separate terms if topics vary. Independent Study courses are limited to 12 hours total applying to a degree in ACES.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 150",
    "name": "Introduction to Advertising",
    "description": "Introduction to the practice and profession of advertising. Course material covers various functional areas of advertising and integrated brand promotion, including account planning, creative, media, research, consumer behavior, sales promotion and interactive advertising. Topics also include how advertising relates to society in cultural, social, ethical and regulatory contexts. Open to all undergraduate majors.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 175",
    "name": "Introduction to Multicultural Advertising",
    "description": "Examines the multifaceted role diversity (including racial, gender, orientation, ability status) plays in the delivery and reception of advertising. Additionally, it examines the development of diversity as a marketplace practice and on the development of the advertising industry. We'll analyze advertising using a historical, cultural, and social perspective and address issues of diversity in the industry. We will also critically review current issues of multicultural, transcultural and multidimensional advertising and marketing. In the process we’ll grapple with current theories on race and implicit /explicit bias and prejudice and their impact upon the production of advertising and consumer communications.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours in separate semesters, if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 200",
    "name": "Data Literacy",
    "description": "No matter what your major, or the job you plan to get, becoming fluent at working with data is a sought-after skill. Through lectures and guided workshops, this course provides hands-on- training on fundamentals of data exploration (asking the right questions), data gathering and data analysis (understanding and describing the situation) as well as communicating with data (telling a compelling story through data visualizations). Students learn how to find datasets in online archives and repositories, and are introduced to the commonly used software packages and techniques (spreadsheets, text analytics, social computing). We also focus on critical issues such as data ethics and privacy. We also learn basic computer programming aimed at data analysis. No prior knowledge of research methods, statistics or programming is required.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 201",
    "name": "Social Media and Personal Branding",
    "description": "Creating a personal brand is no longer a nice-to-have; it’s expected and vital to social media influencers, student athletes and online celebrities. This course focuses on practical strategies for building and maintaining a strong personal brand on social media for career advancement and social influence. Students will develop advanced social media strategy skills and identify risks involved in online reputation management. This course will help you create an authentic personal brand and amplify your career.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 212",
    "name": "Advertising History",
    "description": "In this course, you will develop a rich knowledge base of advertising and the advertising industry as it has evolved in the United States over the last two centuries. Included will be an analysis of the key events, forces, people and technology. Credit is not given for ADV 212 if credit has been earned in ADV 312.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 250",
    "name": "Advertising and Brand Strategy",
    "description": "Designed to help students acquire brand decision-making skills. Advertising and marketing theories, practical problems and traditional cases will be studied as they learn to build a strong brand strategy that will lead to a strong brand advertising strategy. This encompasses every facet of making advertising decisions for a brand. This involves understanding the content a consumer requires, how the consumer will come in contact with the brand, and what is the goal of the connection between consumer and content/contact. Credit is not given toward graduation for ADV 250 and ADV 283.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 270",
    "name": "Principles of Sales",
    "description": "This course focuses on the development of the sales process and the role of sales and sales people within organizations. It will also consider consultative and persuasive selling and interpersonal relationship building. It will include sales proposals, and simulation exercises that will reinforce concepts learned within the classroom. It will also feature exposure to sales experts from different areas of business.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 280",
    "name": "Introduction to Advertising Media",
    "description": "Students will be introduced to advertising in media, including an understanding of the contemporary media landscape and the ways in audiences use media. We will primarily discuss media concepts and media tools that are commonly used by advertising professionals to collect and interpret media insights for advertising.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 284",
    "name": "Consumer Insight",
    "description": "Course focuses on methods of eliciting consumer insight. In particular, this class introduces the process and applied outcomes of consumer insight in terms of building brand strategy. Techniques for persuasive presentation of insight will also be introduced.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 290",
    "name": "Special Topics in Advertising",
    "description": "Designed to offer freshmen and sophomores opportunity to take courses in advertising's most recent developments. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours in separate terms, if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 301",
    "name": "Becoming an Influencer",
    "description": "Explores the everyday impact the influencer economy has on our purchasing decisions, political engagement, and social activism. This new celebrity class illustrates the critical importance that public relations, advertising, marketing, and communications management has on influencer marketing and influencer relations. The course will identify the evolving strategies, tactics, and techniques that drive the influencer ecosystem, evaluate the social and cultural impact of influencer marketing and engagement on organizations and audiences, and assess the racial and gender dynamics that are created and recreated within this quickly evolving marketing and creative arena. Finally, students will focus on the development of influencer generated branded content across for-profit, nonprofit, and human rights organizations. Eligible for the PR Minor: https://media.illinois.edu/pr_minor. Credit is not given towards graduation for both ADV 301 and ADV 290.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 305",
    "name": "Advertising Technology and the Digital World",
    "description": "Digital communication and information technologies have profoundly changed nearly every aspect of our day-to-day lives. Advertising stands as the central funding model for many of these technologies, including search engines, social networks, news media, and a host of other platforms and services. This course systematically examines the role of these technologies in shaping our lives—and the role of the advertising industry in shaping these technologies. It is designed to prepare students to live and work in our increasingly digital world, and to understand the impact of digital communication and information technologies in their lives.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 310",
    "name": "Intro to Public Relations",
    "description": "Introduces the student to the practice and profession of public relations. Course material covers topics such as the history of public relations, the role of law and ethics in public relations, and theories that guide public relations research and practice. The course will also introduce roles played by public relations practitioners within organizations, such as media relations, consumer relations, employee relations, community relations, and investor relations.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 311",
    "name": "Classic Campaigns",
    "description": "Analyzes the most recognized and successful direct mail, print, radio, television and digital advertising campaigns of the 20th and early 21st centuries. Includes particular attention to their strategy and development as well as their social, cultural, and economic impact.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 320",
    "name": "Sales Management",
    "description": "This course addresses conceptual and methodological issues related to the management of sales within organizations. Responsibilities, function and skills necessary to be an effective sales manager are covered, including an evaluation of sales organization structures, recruiting, selecting, testing, and training of salespeople. Related topics include compensation plans, controlling expenses, sales forecasting/projections, routing, quotas, ethics and motivation. It will consist of lectures, role playing exercises, and also may include guest lectures from industry leaders/alumni with experience in sales management.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 370",
    "name": "Sales and the Consumer",
    "description": "This course focuses on different topics related to consumer behavior management, and the consumer's relationships to the sales process. It will include case studies and exercises that will facilitate application of effective sales techniques.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 390",
    "name": "Content Creation",
    "description": "Explores theories of creativity; situates creativity and creative practices within the social structure of organizations that develop creative content; examines the relationship between creative strategy, creative concepts and creative executions; exposes students to the practice of creating content for traditional and non-traditional media vehicles.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 392",
    "name": "Advertising Immersion",
    "description": "Covers a variety of topics designed to help students learn more about, and be better prepared to enter, the advertising industry as professionals. Course content will include an overview of careers in the advertising industry while paying particular attention to areas of future career growth. This course is centered on field study where students will participate in interactive discussions with industry professionals at media related agencies and other industry businesses. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 6 hours, if topics vary. Credit hour(s) are determined by the instructor and approved by the department head.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 462",
    "name": "Computational Advertising Infrastructure",
    "description": "Same as CS 469. See CS 469.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 475",
    "name": "Multicultural Advertising",
    "description": "Examines the role of multicultural issues upon advertising both as a practice and as an industry. Incorporates historical perspectives to understand the foundational role race, age, and sexual orientation has played in advertising and marketing and will address current issues of racial imagery in advertising, racial diversity in the industry, and a variety of topics related involving multicultural advertising and marketing. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 482",
    "name": "Qualitative Research Methods in Advertising",
    "description": "Provides students with knowledge and experience conducting qualitative methods used in advertising and consumer research (e.g., focus groups, interviews, netnography). 3 undergraduate hours. No graduate credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 580",
    "name": "Advertising Theory",
    "description": "Reviews classic and contemporary theories used in advertising research and practice with multidisciplinary emphasis. Through reading, discussion and independent research, students will understand how basic social science and humanities research and advertising scholarship are related; how theories and concepts are applied, adapted, constrained and combined when applied to advertising and other communication issues; and how research evolves over time.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ADV 597",
    "name": "Proseminar in Advertising",
    "description": "Current topics, cases, and research in advertising are presented in a forum that fosters critical thinking and engagement. Weekly presentation and discussion of current research and cases by faculty, undergraduate/graduate students, visiting scholars and visiting professionals. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated up to 4 graduate hours in separate terms.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AE 100",
    "name": "Intro to Aerospace Engineering",
    "description": "Introduction to the Aerospace Engineering curriculum and career. Typical section topics include aircraft and rocket design and flight. Overviews of the topics are presented along with theory to be experimentally verified.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AE 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Undergraduate Open Seminar. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AE 298",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Lectures and discussions relating to new areas of interest. See class schedule for topics and prerequisites. May be repeated if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AE 398",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Lectures and discussions relating to new areas of interest. See class schedule for topics and prerequisites. May be repeated if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AE 420",
    "name": "Finite Element Analysis",
    "description": "Same as CSE 451 and ME 471. See ME 471.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AE 428",
    "name": "Mechanics of Composites",
    "description": "Same as MSE 456 and TAM 428. See MSE 456.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AE 452",
    "name": "Introduction to Nonlinear Dynamics and Vibrations",
    "description": "Same as TAM 416. See TAM 416.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AE 456",
    "name": "Global Nav Satellite Systems",
    "description": "Same as ECE 456. See ECE 456.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AE 468",
    "name": "Optical Remote Sensing",
    "description": "Same as ECE 468. See ECE 468.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AE 482",
    "name": "Introduction to Robotics",
    "description": "Same as ECE 470 and ME 445. See ECE 470.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AE 498",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in aerospace engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or department course information for topics and prerequisite. 1 to 4 undergraduate hours. 1 to 4 graduate hours. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary to a maximum of 9 undergraduate hours or 12 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AE 510",
    "name": "Advanced Gas Dynamics",
    "description": "Same as ME 510. See ME 510.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AE 521",
    "name": "Fracture and Fatigue",
    "description": "Same as CEE 575. See CEE 575.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AE 524",
    "name": "Nonlinear Solid Mech Design",
    "description": "Same as ME 570. See ME 570.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AE 538",
    "name": "Combustion Fundamentals",
    "description": "Same as ME 501. See ME 501.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AE 551",
    "name": "Elastodynamics and Vibrations",
    "description": "Same as TAM 514. See TAM 514.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AE 590",
    "name": "Seminar",
    "description": "Presentation by graduate students, staff, and guest lecturers of current topics in aerospace engineering. Approved for S/U grading only.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AE 598",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in aerospace engineering intended to augment existing formal courses. Topics and prerequisites vary for each section. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for both. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary to a maximum of 12 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AE 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Research in the various areas of aerospace engineering. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFAS 120",
    "name": "Intro to US Armed Forces",
    "description": "Same as MILS 120 and NS 120. See MILS 120.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 100",
    "name": "Intro to African American St",
    "description": "Interdisciplinary introduction to the basic concepts and literature in the disciplines covered by African American studies; surveys the major approaches to the study of African Americans across several academic disciplines including economics, education, psychology, literature, political science, sociology and others.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 101",
    "name": "Black America, 1619-Present",
    "description": "Sociohistorical survey of African American experiences from the West African background to North America, from the 17th century to the present. Same as HIST 174.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 103",
    "name": "Black Women in the Diaspora",
    "description": "Explores the historical, social, economic, cultural and political realities of black women in the African diaspora with an emphasis on the U.S., Canada, Britain, Africa and the English speaking Caribbean. How macro structures such as slavery, imperialism, colonialism, capitalism, and globalization shaped and continue to circumscribe the lives of black women across various geographic regions. Discussion of the multiple strategies/efforts that black women employ both in the past and present to ensure the survival of the self and the community. Same as AFST 103 and GWS 103.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 105",
    "name": "Black Literature in America",
    "description": "Survey of the literary work of Black Americans from 1746 to the present. Exploration of the social, cultural, and political contexts that have shaped the Black American literary tradition by analyzing not only poetry, drama, autobiographical narratives, short stories, and novels, but also folktales, spirituals, and contemporary music. Same as ENGL 150.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 106",
    "name": "Hist Arch Americas",
    "description": "Same as ANTH 106. See ANTH 106.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 122",
    "name": "Russia and Black America",
    "description": "Same as CWL 122 and RUSS 122. See RUSS 122.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 132",
    "name": "African American Music",
    "description": "Survey of African American music, from its origins to the present with a focus on understanding details of musical performance and the ways in which music interacts with its social and political context. Examines genres such as spirituals, the blues, jazz, R&B, soul, and hip-hop. No previous musical background is necessary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 134",
    "name": "Religion, Race, and Resistance",
    "description": "Same as REL 134. See REL 134.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 201",
    "name": "US Racial & Ethnic Politics",
    "description": "Same as AAS 201, LLS 201, and PS 201. See PS 201.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 211",
    "name": "Intro to African-American Film",
    "description": "Same as MACS 211. See MACS 211.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 212",
    "name": "Introduction to African American Theatre",
    "description": "Same as THEA 263. See THEA 263.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 215",
    "name": "US Citizenship Comparatively",
    "description": "Same as AAS 215, AIS 295, GWS 215, and LLS 215. See AAS 215.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 221",
    "name": "History of the Prison",
    "description": "Same as HIST 219 and LA 221. See LA 221.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 226",
    "name": "Black Women Contemp US Society",
    "description": "Sociological perspective of the experience of African American women in the contemporary United States. Specifically, an examination of relationships between the economy, state policy, culture, work and motherhood for this demographic group. Same as GWS 226 and SOC 223.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 227",
    "name": "Studies in Black Television",
    "description": "Explores topics in black television in order to a) analyze the economic and political factors that lead to successful series; b) historicize black television of the Diaspora, including the U.S., Caribbean, UK, Canada, and Nigeria; c) identify conventions and define a \"black aesthetic;\" d) determine how black series in one genre (such as sitcoms or dramas) aid in mapping other genres; and e) discuss how these series navigate stereotypes and cultural shifts. Same as MACS 227.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 228",
    "name": "Hip Hop Music: History and Culture",
    "description": "A study of hip-hop from its beginnings in the post-industrial South Bronx of the 1970s to the global present. By focusing on the work of specific artists and movements, we will compare and contrast the production and consumption of hip-hop with other forms of popular music (including jazz, rock, disco, and pop). This course shows how musicians and listeners use hip-hop to express ideas about topics such as economics, nationalism, black power, feminism, and violence.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 231",
    "name": "Lang Diff Dis: American Persp",
    "description": "Discusses the interaction of culture, ethnicity/race and language among American minorities. Emphasizes language difference theory as related to social and regional dialects and bilingualism/multilingualism. Distinguishes language differences from language disorders through examination of assessment and treatment approaches for different aged populations. Same as SHS 231.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 234",
    "name": "Black Religious Imaginations",
    "description": "Same as REL 234. See REL 234.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 243",
    "name": "Pan Africanism",
    "description": "Provides an introduction to Pan African political movements and ideologies from the Americas to continental Africa. Examines the political, social, economic, and ideological relationships and connections between Africans and their descendants in the diaspora from an historical and comparative perspective. Same as AFST 243 and PS 243.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 250",
    "name": "Introduction to Health and Wellness in the Black Community",
    "description": "An introduction for understanding health-related issues and disparities affecting the African American community. We will explore health status across the lifespan, social and environmental challenges, chronic diseases, lifestyle behaviors, and intervention, research and policy implications. Students will learn how to integrate and situate these complexities in a broader systemic framework and understand how this population exhibits resiliency in the face of these adversities.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 259",
    "name": "Early African American Literature and Culture",
    "description": "Same as CWL 259 and ENGL 259. See ENGL 259.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 260",
    "name": "Modern African American Literature and Culture",
    "description": "Same as CWL 260 and ENGL 260. See ENGL 260.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 261",
    "name": "Intro to the African Diaspora",
    "description": "Introduction to the origin, development, and maturation of the African diaspora in the Americas and the Caribbean, beginning with the transatlantic slave trade and up to the end of the 20th century. Same as ANTH 261.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 275",
    "name": "Afro-American History to 1877",
    "description": "Same as HIST 275. See HIST 275.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 276",
    "name": "African American History Since 1877",
    "description": "Same as HIST 276. See HIST 276.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 281",
    "name": "Constructing Race in America",
    "description": "Same as AAS 281, HIST 281, and LLS 281. See HIST 281.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 287",
    "name": "African-American Women",
    "description": "Same as GWS 287 and HIST 287. See HIST 287.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 310",
    "name": "Race and Cultural Diversity",
    "description": "Same as AAS 310, EPOL 310, and LLS 310. See EPOL 310.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 312",
    "name": "Psychology of Race & Ethnicity",
    "description": "Same as PSYC 312. See PSYC 312.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 315",
    "name": "African American Politics",
    "description": "Same as PS 315. See PS 315.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 340",
    "name": "Dancing Black Popular Culture",
    "description": "Same as DANC 340. See DANC 340.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 341",
    "name": "Gov & Pol in Africa",
    "description": "Same as PS 341. See PS 341.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 343",
    "name": "Criminalization and Punishment",
    "description": "Same as AAS 343, AIS 343, GWS 343, and LLS 343. See LLS 343.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 345",
    "name": "Becoming Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Jr.",
    "description": "A re-examination of the lives and legacies of Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X. Few Black leaders are held in as high esteem, yet these ministers are often represented as rivals, even adversaries. While their rhetoric and protest strategies differed, there were values and priorities they shared. This course explores the social, religious, and political ideologies that underpinned their struggles for freedom, and considers how their memory is deployed in current social movements. Same as REL 333.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 380",
    "name": "Black Women Hist & Cultures",
    "description": "Same as GWS 380. See GWS 380.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 382",
    "name": "African Amer Families in Film",
    "description": "Uses film as case studies to examine the diverse structures, social classes, and internal dynamics among African American families. Critical family processes such as family formation patterns, dating mate selection, parenting, male-female/gender relations, child adolescent, and adult development, family routines and practices, family communication, and family stress and coping will be examined. Also considers how families interact within larger contexts, such as the local neighborhood and key institutions (school, workplace, social service agencies). Films will be supplemented with readings drawn for diverse disciplines (African American Studies, Anthropology, Family Studies, History, Psychology, and Sociology) that allow us to examine key substantive, theoretical, methodological, and policy issues in the study of African American families. Same as HDFS 324.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 407",
    "name": "Slavery & Race in Latin Am",
    "description": "Same as HIST 407. See HIST 407.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 421",
    "name": "Racial and Ethnic Families",
    "description": "Same as EPOL 410, and HDFS 424. See EPOL 410.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 435",
    "name": "Commodifying Difference",
    "description": "Same as AAS 435, GWS 435, LLS 435 and MACS 432. See LLS 435.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 465",
    "name": "Race, Sex, and Deviance",
    "description": "Same as AAS 465, GWS 465, and LLS 465. See LLS 465.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 481",
    "name": "Urban Communities & Public Pol",
    "description": "Examination of how public policy has shaped urban communities and the life chances (i.e., the social, economic, mental and physical well-being) of families of color. Emphasizes the theoretical, political, and economic context of public policy making and specifically address urban issues of housing, communities and families, employment, welfare, and poverty. This course will draw on scholarship by sociologists, historians, policy analysts, race theorists, and economists. Same as SOC 472 and UP 481. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 482",
    "name": "Immersion Journalism",
    "description": "Same as JOUR 482. See JOUR 482.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 501",
    "name": "Problems African American Hist",
    "description": "Same as HIST 575. See HIST 575.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 504",
    "name": "Black Women's Studies",
    "description": "The study of black women and gender within critical discourses of history, the social sciences, and the humanities. Students are introduced to interdisciplinary and Black Women's Studies paradigms as means to study and understand the experiences of black women in the U.S. and other racialized women's groups.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 531",
    "name": "Race and Cultural Critique",
    "description": "Same as AAS 561, ANTH 565, GWS 561, and LLS 561. See AAS 561.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 552",
    "name": "Ethnography Urban Communities",
    "description": "Addresses substantive, theoretical, methodological, and policy issues within the field of urban community studies. Focusing primarily on African American urban communities, with comparisons to other racial-ethnic group communities (e.g. Euro-American, Latino, immigrant), ethnographic case studies are used to explore community processes (formation, ghettoization, gentrification, transnationalism), their relationship to historical, economic, social, and political factors, and how these processes are influenced by ethnicity, class, gender and developmental cycle. Attention will also be given to how empirical studies can be used to inform public policies affecting urban communities. Interdisciplinary readings draw primarily from anthropology, education, and sociology. Same as HDFS 543, SOC 578, and UP 578. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 560",
    "name": "African Diaspora Seminar",
    "description": "Study of the key political, social, economic and cultural developments of the African Diaspora in Asia, Europe and the Americas. Using an interdisciplinary framework, students will examine recent scholarship in history, women's studies, political science, sociology and anthropology to understand the experiences and challenges faced by people of African descent. Same as AFST 560.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFRO 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Individual direction in research and guidance in writing theses and dissertations for advanced degrees. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated in separate terms.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 103",
    "name": "Black Women in the Diaspora",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 103 and GWS 103. See AFRO 103.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 111",
    "name": "History of Africa to 1800",
    "description": "Same as HIST 111. See HIST 111.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 112",
    "name": "History of Africa from 1800",
    "description": "Same as HIST 112. See HIST 112.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 209",
    "name": "Constr Afr and Carib Identity",
    "description": "Same as CWL 225, FR 240, and LAST 240. See FR 240.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 210",
    "name": "Introduction to Modern African Literature",
    "description": "Significant contemporary African writings depicting the history and cultural traditions of African peoples. Same as CWL 210 and ENGL 211.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 213",
    "name": "African Muslim Societies",
    "description": "Same as HIST 213 and REL 215. See HIST 213.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 222",
    "name": "Introduction to Modern Africa",
    "description": "Interdisciplinary introduction to Africa dealing with basic themes and problems in the politics, economics, sociology, anthropology, and history of Africa. Same as ANTH 222, PS 242, and SOC 222.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 231",
    "name": "Elementary Swahili I",
    "description": "Same as SWAH 201. See SWAH 201.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 232",
    "name": "Elementary Swahili II",
    "description": "Same as SWAH 202. See SWAH 202.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 233",
    "name": "Context in International Interventions",
    "description": "Same as ABE 232. See ABE 232.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 241",
    "name": "Elementary Wolof I",
    "description": "Same as WLOF 201. See WLOF 201.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 242",
    "name": "Elementary Wolof II",
    "description": "Same as WLOF 202. See WLOF 202.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 243",
    "name": "Pan Africanism",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 243 and PS 243. See AFRO 243.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 251",
    "name": "Elementary Zulu I",
    "description": "Same as ZULU 201. See ZULU 201.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 252",
    "name": "Elementary Zulu II",
    "description": "Same as ZULU 202. See ZULU 202.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 254",
    "name": "Economic Systems in Africa",
    "description": "Same as ACE 254. See ACE 254.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 312",
    "name": "Central African Art",
    "description": "Same as ARTH 312. See ARTH 312.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 313",
    "name": "Modern and Contemp African Art",
    "description": "Same as ARTH 313. See ARTH 313.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 325",
    "name": "Social Media and Global Change",
    "description": "Same as ASST 325, EPOL 325, EPS 325, EURO 325, INFO 325, LAST 325, REES 325, and SAME 325. See EPOL 325.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 338",
    "name": "Egypt Since World War I",
    "description": "Same as HIST 338. See HIST 338.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 405",
    "name": "Topics Swahili Lang & Lit I",
    "description": "Same as SWAH 407. See SWAH 407.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 406",
    "name": "Topics Swahili Lang & Lit II",
    "description": "Same as SWAH 408. See SWAH 408.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 407",
    "name": "Adv Topics Swahili Lang&Lit I",
    "description": "Same as SWAH 409. See SWAH 409.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 408",
    "name": "Adv Topics Swahili Lang&Lit II",
    "description": "Same as SWAH 410. See SWAH 410.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 412",
    "name": "Lang in African Culture & Soc",
    "description": "Same as LING 412. See LING 412.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 418",
    "name": "Topics Lingala Lang & Lit II",
    "description": "Same as LGLA 408. See LGLA 408.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 420",
    "name": "Africana Feminisms",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 415 and GWS 415. See AFRO 415.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 421",
    "name": "Sacred African Diaspora Arts",
    "description": "Same as ARTH 413. See ARTH 413.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 433",
    "name": "Intermediate Swahili I",
    "description": "Same as SWAH 403. See SWAH 403.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 434",
    "name": "Intermediate Swahili II",
    "description": "Same as SWAH 404. See SWAH 404.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 435",
    "name": "Advanced Swahili I",
    "description": "Same as SWAH 405. See SWAH 405.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 436",
    "name": "Advanced Swahili II",
    "description": "Same as SWAH 406. See SWAH 406.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 443",
    "name": "Intermediate Wolof I",
    "description": "Same as WLOF 403. See WLOF 403.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 444",
    "name": "Intermediate Wolof II",
    "description": "Same as WLOF 404. See WLOF 404.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 445",
    "name": "Advanced Wolof I",
    "description": "Same as WLOF 405. See WLOF 405.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 446",
    "name": "Advanced Wolof II",
    "description": "Same as WLOF 406. See WLOF 406.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 447",
    "name": "Topics Wolof Lang & Lit I",
    "description": "Same as WLOF 407. See WLOF 407.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 451",
    "name": "Intermediate Zulu I",
    "description": "Same as ZULU 403. See ZULU 403.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 452",
    "name": "Intermediate Zulu II",
    "description": "Same as ZULU 404. See ZULU 404.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 453",
    "name": "Advanced Zulu I",
    "description": "Same as ZULU 405. See ZULU 405.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 454",
    "name": "Advanced Zulu II",
    "description": "Same as ZULU 406. See ZULU 406.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 469",
    "name": "Structure of Semitic Languages",
    "description": "Same as LING 469. See LING 469.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 495",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in African Studies intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours. May be repeated if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 509",
    "name": "Seminar in African Art",
    "description": "Same as ARTH 510. See ARTH 510.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 510",
    "name": "Problems in African History",
    "description": "Same as HIST 510. See HIST 510.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 511",
    "name": "Research Seminar: Africa",
    "description": "Same as HIST 511. See HIST 511.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 555",
    "name": "Multicultural Education and Global Perspectives",
    "description": "Same as CI 512. See CI 512.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 560",
    "name": "African Diaspora Seminar",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 560. See AFRO 560.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AFST 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Individual direction in research and guidance in writing theses for advanced degrees. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated to a maximum of 8 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AGCM 230",
    "name": "Agricultural and Environmental Photography",
    "description": "Application of photojournalism principles and techniques in the communication of topics related to food, agriculture, the environment, energy and community development for print, broadcast and computer-mediated applications. Emphasis on creative and technical aspects of digital photography.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AGCM 250",
    "name": "Visual Principles for Ag Comm",
    "description": "This course outlines fundamental design principles and techniques for effective visual communication on print. These principles will be applied in project--magazine pages, logos, brochures, newsletters, posters and signs--to achieve communication objectives. This course provides practical, hands on experience in developing visual presentations about topics related to agriculture, food, fiber, renewable fuel, the environment, and natural resources. Students are introduced to the use of industry-standard desktop publishing software (InDesign, Photoshop, Illustrator).",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AGCM 270",
    "name": "Ag Sales and Persuasive Communication",
    "description": "Sales concepts and persuasive business communication techniques. Role, dynamics, and principles of sales communications related to food, agriculture, and the environment. Sales objectives, market segmentation, prospecting, handling obligations, relationship building, and the nuances of sales communications.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AGCM 315",
    "name": "Social Media Management in Agricultural Communications",
    "description": "Theories, principles and practices of applying emerging tools, technology, and norms to communicate agriculture to broad audiences. Focus on the strategies and tactics of using social media to communicate food, fuel, fiber, natural resources, health, human nutrition and related topics.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AGCM 398",
    "name": "Undergraduate Seminar",
    "description": "Special topics in a field of study directly pertaining to subject matter in agricultural communications. Same as ALEC 398. May be repeated in the same or separate semesters, if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AGED 220",
    "name": "Prog Del in Ag & Leadership Ed",
    "description": "Introduces formal and non-formal methods used to deliver education and training in agricultural and leadership education programs. Focuses on types and purposes of agricultural education, program components, principles of teaching and learning, community relationships, and reflective teaching. Technology-supported lab component provides skills needed to develop teaching and training materials.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AGED 293",
    "name": "Ag Leadership Internship",
    "description": "Supervised off-campus experience in a field directly pertaining to subject matter in agricultural leadership education. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated in the same or subsequent terms to a maximum of 12 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AGED 295",
    "name": "Independent Study or Research",
    "description": "Individual research, special problems, thesis, development and/or design work under the supervision of an appropriate member of the faculty. May be repeated in the same or subsequent terms.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AGED 499",
    "name": "Seminar",
    "description": "Special topics in agricultural education. 1 to 4 undergraduate hours. 1 to 4 graduate hours. May be repeated in the same or subsequent terms to a maximum of 12 undergraduate or graduate hours as topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AGED 500",
    "name": "Special Topics in Ag Education",
    "description": "Advanced study in selected phases of agricultural education applicable to agricultural educators in schools, community colleges, universities, cooperative extension, agribusiness, and community and governmental agencies. May be repeated in the same and subsequent terms.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AGED 510",
    "name": "Education Program Management",
    "description": "Theoretical and practical approaches to planning, delivering and evaluating programs in agricultural education, with a focus on development of comprehensive educational plans.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AGED 511",
    "name": "Grad Professional Dev in Ag Ed",
    "description": "Analysis of teaching and learning processes, program improvement strategies, professional development, FFA chapter development, awareness of school law, program management, and discussion of trends and issues in agricultural education.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AGED 550",
    "name": "Advanced Program Delivery",
    "description": "Theory and practice of advanced program delivery in non-school settings, including the following: strategic planning; environmental scanning; logic model development; experiential and accelerated learning methodologies; and training and development strategies.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AGED 551",
    "name": "Advanced Program Evaluation",
    "description": "Theory and practice of advanced program evaluation in non-school settings, including the following: measuring the impact of educational programs; program outcomes and indicators; measuring behavior change, and developing, using, interpreting, and reporting pre-post evaluations, qualitative data, surveys, focus group data, and observational data.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AHS 125",
    "name": "Freshmen Scholars Seminar",
    "description": "Designed for James Scholars for Applied Health Sciences who are in their first year of college to introduce them to research. Students will learn strategies to apply classroom material to community and society. Includes visits from faculty and staff from across campus and within the College who will expose students to an array of contexts and approaches for research. This course is a James Scholar course for freshmen only.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AHS 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Topics will vary each semester. Please see section topic. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours in the same or subsequent terms as topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AHS 399",
    "name": "Advanced Open Seminar",
    "description": "Advanced undergraduate seminar. Topics will vary each semester. Please see section topic. Approved for letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same or subsequent terms to a maximum of 6 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AIS 101",
    "name": "Intro to Amer Indian Studies",
    "description": "Interdisciplinary introduction surveys the stories, histories, and lands of tribal peoples who became known as \"American Indians\".",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AIS 102",
    "name": "Contemp Issues in Ind Country",
    "description": "Surveys a variety of topics in contemporary American Indian life. Focusing on the modern experience, topics may include law and politics; lands and environment; education; visual arts; languages and literatures; health; social justice; business; treaties; the sacred; gender; sports; decolonization; comparative tribal, Indian and global indigenous concerns.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AIS 140",
    "name": "Native Religious Traditions",
    "description": "An interdisciplinary survey of native religious traditions, exploring the breadth and depth of spiritual expression among native people in North America. Assigned readings and class discussions cover a variety of important themes including sacred landscapes, mythic narratives, oral histories, communal identities, tribal values, elder teachings, visionary experiences, ceremonial practices, prayer traditions, and trickster wisdom. Students also consider historic encounters with missionary colonialism and contemporary strategies for religious self-determination. Class discussions are supplemented by audiovisual materials and guest speakers.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AIS 165",
    "name": "Lang & Culture Native North Am",
    "description": "Same as ANTH 165. See ANTH 165.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AIS 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated to a maximum of 6 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AIS 214",
    "name": "American Indian Law & Politics",
    "description": "Same as PS 214. See PS 214.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AIS 265",
    "name": "Intro to American Indian Lit",
    "description": "Introduces students to the study of American Indian literature by focusing on texts by contemporary American Indian novelists, poets, and playwrights. Over the course of the semester, students will consider how indigenous aesthetics shape narrative in addition to examining how American Indian authors engage the legacies of colonization and the histories of their tribal communities through their stories. Same as ENGL 265.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AIS 275",
    "name": "Am Indian and Indigenous Film",
    "description": "Introduction to representations of American Indians and Indigenous peoples in film. Reconstructions of American Indians within the Western genre and more recent reconstructions by Native filmmakers will be considered. Other topics may include the development of an indigenous aesthetic; the role of documentaries and nonfiction films in the history of Native and Indigenous film; the role of commerce in the production of Native films. Same as ENGL 275 and MACS 275.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AIS 277",
    "name": "Encounters in Native America",
    "description": "Same as HIST 277. See HIST 277.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AIS 278",
    "name": "Native American History",
    "description": "Same as HIST 278. See HIST 278.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AIS 280",
    "name": "Intro to Federal Indian Policy",
    "description": "Traces the evolution of U.S. federal law as it pertains to American Indian nations. From the doctrine of discovery, through which European nations asserted control over the lands they claimed, to the processes of reorganization and recognition that have shaped contemporary rights and struggles native nations currently face, this class will interrogate how American Indian nations were transformed into \"domestic dependent nations\".",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AIS 285",
    "name": "Indigenous Thinkers",
    "description": "An introduction to the English-language traditions of indigenous intellectuals. Specific topics vary. May be repeated in the same term to a maximum of 6 hours. May be repeated in subsequent terms to a maximum of 9 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AIS 288",
    "name": "American Indians of Illinois",
    "description": "Same as ANTH 288 and HIST 288. See ANTH 288.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AIS 295",
    "name": "US Citizenship Comparatively",
    "description": "Same as AAS 215, AFRO 215, GWS 215, and LLS 215. See AAS 215.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AIS 343",
    "name": "Criminalization and Punishment",
    "description": "Same as AAS 343, AFRO 343, GWS 343, and LLS 343. See LLS 343.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AIS 357",
    "name": "Literatures of the Displaced",
    "description": "Same as AAS 357, ENGL 357, GWS 357, and LLS 357. See LLS 357.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "AIS 481",
    "name": "History of American Indian Education",
    "description": "Students will study various efforts to \"civilize\" American Indians through US government initiatives and religious churches, as well as educational models developed by tribal entities following passage of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975. Same as EPOL 404. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ALEC 110",
    "name": "Introduction to Agricultural Leadership, Education and Communications",
    "description": "Provides an introduction to basic leadership, communications, and educational theory. Covers the practical application of theories in professional, educational, and community contexts. Designed as the foundational course underlying the ALEC undergraduate curriculum. No credit given if already completed AGCM 110 or AGED 100.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ALEC 115",
    "name": "Let’s Talk about Food, Agriculture, and the Environment",
    "description": "Food, agriculture, and the environment are shaped by communications. Students investigate a wide variety of current topics and controversies and how to educate, evaluate, and persuade on these issues. The course emphasizes the foundations of public speaking, with emphasis on organizing, researching, crafting, and presenting material. Students deliver five speeches throughout the semester and regularly analyze and evaluate speeches and other mediated messages about food, agriculture, and the environment. Credit is not given toward graduation for ALEC 115 and CMN 101 or CMN 111/112.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ALEC 398",
    "name": "Undergraduate Seminar",
    "description": "Same as AGCM 398. See AGCM 398.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ALEC 490",
    "name": "Foundations of Adult Training and Development",
    "description": "Covers theory and practice of adult learning applied specifically for training and development contexts within the broad food, agricultural, natural resources, and environmental (FANRE) employment sectors. This course includes theories and concepts related to education, learning, training, and development – and how each are related yet separate from the others. The course covers core adult learning principles applied across professional educational and training environments, and concepts to support \"deep learning\" and personal transformation in professional settings. Structurally, this course will progress through asynchronous consumption of course content Students will be required to complete a set of readings and watch a set of videos that explain theories and concepts. 1 undergraduate hour. 1 graduate hour. Credit not given towards graduation if AGED 490 credit already earned.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ALEC 494",
    "name": "Independent Research or Teaching",
    "description": "Supervised, on-campus, independent learning experience with faculty mentor engaged in research or teaching activities. 0 TO 4 undergraduate hours. No graduate credit. May be repeated in separate terms up to 12 hours. Prior approval from course instructor required.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ALEC 500",
    "name": "Foundations of Agricultural Leadership, Education and Communications",
    "description": "Comparative examination of the foundations of knowledge formation in agricultural leadership, education and communication, including extension education. Apply leadership, education and communication principles to trends and developments in food, fiber, agricultural and environmental systems. Examine approaches to teaching and learning throughout the careers associated with agricultural leadership, education and communications. 3 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ALEC 510",
    "name": "Program Planning, Implementation and Evaluation",
    "description": "Compare and contrast theory and practice of educational program planning, delivery and evaluation for youth and adult audiences in community settings. Incorporate the principles of community needs assessment, logic model development, program implementation and program evaluation into agriculture-related programs. 3 graduate hours. No professional credit. Credit not given towards graduation for ALEC 410 and ALEC 510.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ALEC 549",
    "name": "Independent Study",
    "description": "Individual investigation and reporting of research on any phase of agricultural leadership, education or communications selected by the student and approved by the advisor and faculty member who will supervise the study. 1 to 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated in the same or subsequent terms to a maximum of 8 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 100",
    "name": "Intro to Animal Sciences",
    "description": "Survey of beef and dairy cattle, companion animals, horses, poultry, sheep, and swine. Includes the importance of product technology and the basic principles of nutrition, genetics, physiology, and behavior as they apply to breeding, selection, feeding, and management. Lecture and lab.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 101",
    "name": "Contemporary Animal Issues",
    "description": "Provides an understanding of fundamental issues impacting the care and use of animals, and their role in human welfare. Topics addressed include the fundamental principles of animal domestication and its impact on humans, animal welfare and care, animal-environmental interactions, food safety, diet and health issues, economic and societal issues facing the world today, and bioethical issues.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 110",
    "name": "Life With Animals and Biotech",
    "description": "Lecture/discussion course that will provide students an overview of biotechnology and animals. Focuses on biotechnological achievements involving animals and how they influence the global development of agriculture, medicine, and industry. Topics will be covered from scientific, discovery, historical, social, and political perspectives. Credit is not given to Animal Science majors.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 120",
    "name": "The Art and Ethics of Animal Documentaries",
    "description": "With the rise of both social media and documentary films, animal welfare is mainly viewed through the lens of media. This course asks students to critically evaluate information from these pieces of media and better understand the narratives and biases that can be inherent in documentaries, nature films, undercover animal rights investigations, and social media accounts. We will also explore how these media can be used to bring awareness and education about animal industries.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 198",
    "name": "Building Habits for Success in Animal Sciences",
    "description": "This introductory course for students in the Department of Animal Sciences is designed to help improve student achievement in the college classroom by building study habits, improving time management, building community inside and outside the classroom, and overall understanding and exploring the resources and academic environment at the University of Illinois",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "An experimental course on a special topic in animal sciences. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated, if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 206",
    "name": "Horse Management",
    "description": "Focus on the principles of managing horses from birth through breeding; topics include reproductive physiology, breeding management, nutrition, diseases, parasites, herd health programs, genetics, facility design and exercise physiology.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 207",
    "name": "The Science of Pets and How to Care for Them",
    "description": "Provides students with the knowledge and skills necessary to care for animal species commonly kept as pets. Biological concepts of anatomy, genetics, evolution, nutrition, reproduction, and behavior will provide valuable insight into companion animal husbandry practices for dogs, cats, small mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians. Credit is not given for both ANSC 207 and ANSC 307.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 210",
    "name": "Grilling and BBQ Science",
    "description": "This course will focus on food preparation and safety, product quality, correct cooking methods, endpoint temperatures, and other general grilling-related topics. The objective is to expand student knowledge on how to utilize different cuts of meat and other products to produce meals. Students will work in groups to prepare a dish with a specific product assigned to them and present their results to the class. Grills and cooking equipment will be provided. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 215",
    "name": "Introduction to Animal Evaluation",
    "description": "The objective of each section is to train students on industry evaluation techniques of animals and/or their by-products. Additionally, students will examine different industry production styles, selection for improvements, and end product marketability. This course is divided into sections that focus on evaluation of animals or animal by-products (meat or dairy) and will develop skills of basic evaluation associated with each section. Travel to production facilities may occur based on the section. For Animal Science majors, only one instance (2 credit hours) taken in this course will count as an Applied Science credit towards their degree requirements. May be repeated in separate semesters, if topics vary to a maximum of 6 credit hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 250",
    "name": "Companion Animals in Society",
    "description": "Explores the current and historical functions and influences of companion animals in American society. Topics include the evolution of animal protection, the use of assistance and service animals, and the growth of the pet supply industry. Controversial issues which are of current concern to society will also be examined.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 255",
    "name": "Animal Ethics",
    "description": "Explores ethical issues raised by human use of animals. Students will be asked to apply philosophical perspectives to historical and current animal issues such as raising animals for food production, the keeping of pets, management and use of wild animals, use of animals in research, animal breeding and biotechnology, and animal control.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 256",
    "name": "Horse's Role in Human History",
    "description": "Provides an understanding of the crucial roles that horses have played in the development and expansion of human civilization, including how the role of the horse in culture and society has changed throughout history. Topics addressed include an understanding of the evolution and domestication of horses, use of horses for transportation, sport, warfare and power, and the impact of horses on societal issues facing the world today.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 305",
    "name": "Human Animal Interactions",
    "description": "Animals play a significant role in our society and in the lives of many individuals. This course explores the current and historical interactions of humans with non-human animals in our society from a multidisciplinary approach. Various cultures and historical periods will be examined when discussing these relationships with various non-human animals.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 309",
    "name": "Meat Production and Marketing",
    "description": "General approach to meat utilization with emphasis on selecting, grading, cutting, and pricing meat for the retail, restaurant, and food service industry. This course includes laboratory and may use field trips to establishments to highlight course concepts.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 313",
    "name": "Horse Appraisal",
    "description": "Advanced course for students interested in improving their performance and conformation evaluation skills; provides exposure to the horse show industry and the career opportunities associated with this facet of the horse industry; students may compete in intercollegiate judging contests.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 366",
    "name": "Animal Behavior",
    "description": "Same as ANTH 342, IB 329, and PSYC 329. See IB 329.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 398",
    "name": "UG Experiential Learning",
    "description": "Student-directed experiential learning on special topics directly pertaining to subject matter in animal sciences. Students are required to complete a Memorandum of Agreement prior to enrolling in this course. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated up to 5 hours per semester, up to a maximum of 12 total hours. Independent Study courses are limited to 12 hours total applying to a degree in ACES.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 404",
    "name": "Poultry Science",
    "description": "Basic principles of genetics, physiology, nutrition, and health of avian species; the application of science and technology in solving the breeding, nutrition, disease, housing, and other management problems encountered in commercial egg and poultry meat production. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 440",
    "name": "Applied Statistical Methods I",
    "description": "Same as CPSC 440, FSHN 440, NRES 440, and NUTR 440. See CPSC 440.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 441",
    "name": "Human Genetics",
    "description": "Same as ANTH 441. See ANTH 441.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 442",
    "name": "Introduction to Data Analytics",
    "description": "Introduces students to standard approaches commonly used to analyze science and engineering data; to the strengths and limitations of the approaches; and to gain confidence in the interpretation of results. At the end of this course, students will be able to analyze a wide range of datasets using appropriate models, and draw robust conclusions. 2 undergraduate hours. 2 graduate hours. Credit is not given for ANSC 442 and ANSC 445.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 444",
    "name": "Applied Animal Genetics",
    "description": "Principles of heredity and their application to the problems of animal improvement. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 449",
    "name": "Biological Modeling",
    "description": "Same as CPSC 448, GGIS 468, and IB 491. See GGIS 468.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 450",
    "name": "Comparative Immunobiology",
    "description": "Advanced concepts of immunophysiology and immunogenetics. Immunophysiology with an emphasis on immune-neuroendocrine interactions. The molecular and cellular basis of self-nonself recognition with an emphasis on the major histocompatibility complex in vertebrates and innate immunity in both vertebrates and invertebrates. The mucosal immune system, which requires a complex interplay between innate and acquired immunity to protect mucosal surfaces exposed to the environment. A working knowledge of genetics and cellular and molecular biology is recommended. Same as MCB 442 and PATH 410. 4 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 499",
    "name": "Seminar",
    "description": "Group discussion or an experimental course on a special topic in animal sciences. 1 to 4 undergraduate hours. 1 to 4 graduate hours. May be repeated if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 521",
    "name": "Regulation of Metabolism",
    "description": "Same as FSHN 511 and NUTR 511. See NUTR 511.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 525",
    "name": "Topics in Nutrition Research",
    "description": "Same as FSHN 510 and NUTR 510. See NUTR 510.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 541",
    "name": "Regression Analysis",
    "description": "Same as CPSC 541. See CPSC 541.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 543",
    "name": "Bioinformatics",
    "description": "Same as CHBE 571, MCB 571, and STAT 530. See CHBE 571.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 590",
    "name": "Animal Sciences Seminar",
    "description": "Discussions of current research and literature. Registration for 0 to 2 hours each term is expected for animal sciences graduate students. Same as NUTR 591. 0 to 2 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated to a maximum of 2 hours for Masters students and 4 hours for PhD students.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 591",
    "name": "Grad Bioinformatics Seminar",
    "description": "Same as CPSC 591 and INFO 591. See INFO 591.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANSC 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 101",
    "name": "Introduction to Anthropology",
    "description": "Anthropology was first envisioned as a holistic discipline, combining insights from the study of human anatomy and evolution, research on material remains of human settlements, and the analysis of social interaction in language and other cultural practices. Following this tradition, this course explores the questions about where humans came from, how societies live and communicate, and why human cultural groups vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 102",
    "name": "Human Origins and Culture",
    "description": "Explores the origin and evolution of humans with an emphasis on reconstructing and interpreting fossil evidence. It provides an introduction to the fundamentals of biological anthropology and draws on a diverse range of other disciplines that contribute to the study of human evolution – evolutionary biology, population genetics, comparative anatomy, primatology, archaeology, geology and paleoecology. We examine the fossil and artifact record of the last several million years in order to develop an understanding of why we are interesting animals and a somewhat unique species.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 103",
    "name": "Anthro in a Changing World",
    "description": "Presents the fundamental areas of anthropological analysis through a series of comparative cases that emphasize social and cultural relations in global contexts. Directs attention to the anthropological history of global empires and colonial states, their cultural exchanges, and contemporary studies of culture, society, and globalization.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 104",
    "name": "Talking Culture",
    "description": "Introduces you to language-in-use from the perspective of linguistic anthropology. We explore how the language(s) people use creates a specific \"worldview\" or cultural \"common sense\" and how this creates and maintains distinct concepts of self, society and culture. We will examine critically the ways in which differences in language and communication work in the USA in relation to power and politics, the media, gender, ethnicity/race, age, class, and identity, with comparisons to other cultures. During the semester you will encounter new information about language structure and use, and learn methods of investigation and analysis used in contemporary linguistic anthropology. Same as LING 104.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 105",
    "name": "World Archaeology",
    "description": "Using archaeological data, traces our prehistoric heritage and the processes which led to the evolution of agriculture, settled villages, and civilization in many areas of the world. Lectures range from the earliest Homo sapiens to Sumeria, Egypt, Mexico, Peru, and the United States.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 106",
    "name": "Hist Arch Americas",
    "description": "Explores recent theoretical, methodological, and thematic developments in historical archaeology in North America and the Caribbean. The temporal coverage is 1500-1900 AD. Examines how historical archaeologists use artifactual, documentary and oral history evidence in interpreting the past, and how historical archaeology can contribute to our understanding of the ways by which material culture can be used to study race, class, gender, and ethnic identities. Same as AFRO 106.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 108",
    "name": "Religion & Society in West I",
    "description": "Same as JS 108, PHIL 108, and REL 108. See REL 108.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 109",
    "name": "Religion & Society in West II",
    "description": "Same as PHIL 109 and REL 109. See REL 109.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 110",
    "name": "Humanizing Science",
    "description": "Scientists are often taught that the skills they need are confined to conducting research in the lab, the field, or the observatory. Yet science is also a human endeavor. If scientists are not taught this lesson, mistakes can be made that have real implications for people's lives, for scientific progress, and for who gets to be a scientist. Therefore this course will introduce 1) a brief history of Western and non-Western science, 2) the influences of social categories and oppressions on scientific advancement, 3) the incentive and reward structure of science, and 4) stories of scientists who have chosen to walk a brave path in the way they conduct and disseminate their research. We will engage in a mix of ethnographic and case study work and bring interpretive and systematic analysis to bear on what it means to be a scientist. The ultimate goal of the course is to provide a substantive, rigorous, and broad introduction to the culture of science, and how that culture affects the people of science, its practice, and its process.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 130",
    "name": "History of South Asia",
    "description": "Same as HIST 130. See HIST 130.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 143",
    "name": "Biology of Human Behavior",
    "description": "Biological anthropology looks at human biology and behavior through the lens of evolutionary biology. However, as human behavior is complex, it cannot be understood independent of culture or the physical environment. We will explore how biology intersects with environmental factors, including culture, to influence human behavior. Students will learn the skills needed to become scientifically literate, learning their place in nature, the importance of the comparative method in learning about ourselves, and the interaction between biology and culture in understanding the human condition. Topics include evolutionary theory and human evolution, primate origins of human behaviors, social and sexual behaviors, aggression, cooperation, and language, cognition, and culture. Same as HDFS 143.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 157",
    "name": "The Archaeology of Illinois",
    "description": "Traces the prehistory of Illinois from the first entry of people into the region more than 13,000 years ago until the 17th century and the beginning of historical records; examines subsequent cultural changes up to the 19th century and statehood from an archaeological and ethnohistorical perspective.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 160",
    "name": "Race and Contemporary Social Issues",
    "description": "Engages with issues such as migration, borders, policing and related topics to examine certain key interventions in the analysis of race in the United States. Introduces students to critical methods and theories in socio-cultural anthropology and allied disciplines in order to grapple with these issues. We will read a variety of material, including ethnographic accounts, scholarly and popular articles, and a work that blurs non-fiction with fiction-writing, as well as screening related films and documentaries. Students will develop a conceptual vocabulary (keywords) to begin analyzing the social problem that race and racism has become in US society.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 165",
    "name": "Lang & Culture Native North Am",
    "description": "Develops understanding of the rich diversity of languages and cultures found among Native North American peoples from the perspectives of sociocultural and linguistic anthropology. Same as AIS 165.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 175",
    "name": "Archaeology and Pop Culture",
    "description": "Examines the ways in which the ancient past has been interpreted, appropriated, represented, used, and misused for a variety of reasons by political parties, national governments, and religious and ethnic groups living in the present.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 180",
    "name": "The Archaeology of Death",
    "description": "Cross-cultural introduction to the celebration of death across time and space. Examines the anthropological and archaeological literature on death, particularly in terms of death ritual and burial practices. Students study popular films on death in different cultures.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 182",
    "name": "Latin American Cultures",
    "description": "Latin America considered as a theater of conflict and cultural experimentation among Native American, African, and Iberian peoples; their survival and transformation as reported in selected ethnographies and eyewitness sources; and some modern theories and controversies about their experience.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 209",
    "name": "Food, Culture, and Society",
    "description": "Introduces students to anthropological approaches to the study of food from socio-cultural, linguistic and archaeological perspectives. Topics include: food in popular culture; food, ethnicity and race; food and immigration; food and religious traditions; food and family; gendered roles in food production; food and national identity; competitive global marketing of food; food, class and status; socio-politics of food in ancient societies; food, ethics and human rights.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 210",
    "name": "Families in Global Perspective",
    "description": "Same as HDFS 220. See HDFS 220.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 220",
    "name": "Introduction to Archaeology",
    "description": "Introduction to the problems of studying past cultures; special attention given to the ranges of techniques available and the adequacy of various methodologies as bases for sound inference about the structure of extinct cultures.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 221",
    "name": "Archaeology of South Asia",
    "description": "Explores the archaeology of South Asia from the earliest occupations of the subcontinent to the present. South Asia is home to one of the first urbanized societies, over 40 World Heritage sites, and some of the 21st century's largest megacities. We will critically examine how these diverse archaeological resources have been investigated by different communities through time and how this has informed modern understandings of cultural, national, religious, regional and gender identities.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 222",
    "name": "Introduction to Modern Africa",
    "description": "Same as AFST 222, PS 242, and SOC 222. See AFST 222.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 230",
    "name": "Sociocultural Anthropology",
    "description": "Introduction to the anthropological study of contemporary human societies; emphasis on the comparative study of social organization, interpersonal relations, cultural ecology, and processes of sociocultural change, but also includes some consideration of the method and theory of ethnographic field research.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 240",
    "name": "Biological Anthropology",
    "description": "Past and present evolution of the human species and population and individual biological variation; topics include genetic principles relevant to human evolution, primate phylogeny and behavior, fossil evidence for human evolution, and the origin and significance of biological diversity in modern humans.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 241",
    "name": "Human Biological Variation",
    "description": "Examines the biological concept of race as applied and misapplied to Homo sapiens by anthropologists and others from the 18th century to the present and of the origin, nature, and significance of so-called racial variation.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 242",
    "name": "History of Human Evolution",
    "description": "Reviews the history of evolution and its controversies from the pre-Darwinians to contemporary debates. Examines disciplinary and wider societal debates and how they affect each other.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 246",
    "name": "Forensic Science",
    "description": "History and theory underlying methods used in forensic science. Topics include the courtroom, the units of a crime laboratory, methods of securing and investigating a crime scene, and the analysis of evidence collected from a crime scene such as blood, fibers, hair and fingerprints.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 248",
    "name": "Introduction to Engaged and Public Anthropology",
    "description": "We ask 'How can activist scholars address observable social injustices such as inequality, poverty, and racism? What methods work best to intervene in public and policy debates? What are the implications of such interventions?' We explore the history of anthropological engagements with distinct \"publics\" as well as influences from other disciplines and forms of activism. These include Latin American Action Research traditions, Indigenous Studies, and Indigenous, Black, and Latinx feminist schools of thought. From these perspectives, we examine contemporary currents and influences inside and outside of the United States.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 249",
    "name": "Evolution and Human Disease",
    "description": "Principles of modern evolutionary theory are applied to medical problems. Topics include: transmission, pathogen strategies, symptoms and spectrum of disease, evolution of virulence, concept of cause, antimicrobial resistance, emerging diseases, stress and adaptation, nutrition, diachronic overview of changing patterns of human disease, and ecological factors.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 250",
    "name": "The World Through Museums",
    "description": "Same as MUSE 250. See MUSE 250.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 258",
    "name": "Sex in Nature and Culture",
    "description": "A simultaneous exploration of human sexuality from a biological and cultural perspective. Same as GWS 258.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 259",
    "name": "Latina/o Anthropology",
    "description": "In this class, we will examine the contemporary cultures and communities of Latinas and Latinos in the United States. We will focus on recent ethnographic studies on the Latina/o experience written mainly (though not exclusively) by Latinas and Latinos who are active in the academy. Topics to be discussed include: ethnic and racial identity, language, sexuality, power, class hierarchies, cultural citizenship, racialization, gender inequality, cultural citizenship, legal citizenship, immigration, and popular culture—all from an anthropological perspective. In the process, we will critically examine the imagined, the lived, and the invented communities constituting the Latina/o population of this country in the West, Southwest, East Coast, and the Midwest. In particular, we will explore the experiences of Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, Central Americans, and Cubans in the United States. Same as LLS 259.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 261",
    "name": "Intro to the African Diaspora",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 261. See AFRO 261.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 262",
    "name": "Women's Lives",
    "description": "Perceptions of women, their perceptions of themselves, and their varying roles and statuses in several contemporary societies in diverse countries; supervised ethnographic observation of women's behavior. Same as GWS 262.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 263",
    "name": "Body, Personhood, and Culture",
    "description": "In this course we examine cultural assumptions about the human body and what it means to be a \"person\" in Western and non-Western societies. We examine key themes in cultural anthropology and other social sciences concerning the relationship of the individual and society, nature and culture. We will also focus on contemporary concepts of \"person\" vis a vis new genders/sexualities, differently-abled persons, organ transplants and bio-medicine, cyborgs and virtual persons; and commodification. We also explore the interface between intellectual and experiential ways of knowing our own bodies as cultural, dynamically embodied persons.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 272",
    "name": "Language and Culture in Turkey",
    "description": "Same as GLBL 272, SAME 272, and TURK 270. See TURK 270.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 278",
    "name": "Climate Change & Civilization",
    "description": "Examination of how climate change impacts society. With the increasing need to understand how climate changes and society intersect at present, it is becoming important that we address critical questions about how lessons from the past inform present needs. Case studies from around the world are discussed.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 279",
    "name": "Economy, Business & Society",
    "description": "Introduction to anthropological approaches to economics, capitalism, and the world of business. We discuss these topics as influential cultural ideals in U.S. society, consider critical alternative approaches, and examine a range of specific business and related economic practices drawing upon case studies from the U.S. as well as international and cross-cultural contexts.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 280",
    "name": "Anthropology of Martial Arts",
    "description": "Same as EALC 280. See EALC 280.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 285",
    "name": "Intro to Korea Through Film",
    "description": "Same as EALC 285. See EALC 285.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 287",
    "name": "Contemporary East Asia",
    "description": "Same as EALC 288. See EALC 288.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 288",
    "name": "American Indians of Illinois",
    "description": "An interdisciplinary survey of the Native American experience in the Illinois region from pre-Columbian times to the present. Introduces theories, concepts and methods in archaeology, history, and sociocultural anthropology. Includes archaeological field site and museum visits, plus guest lectures by American Indian scholars and community members. Same as AIS 288 and HIST 288.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 290",
    "name": "Jewish Cultures of the World",
    "description": "Survey of the world's Jewish cultures with a particular focus on the non-Western world. Addresses the relations between Judaism and other religious systems and the nature of Jewish life in such locales as North Africa, Subsaharan Africa, India, China, and South America. Same as JS 290.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 310",
    "name": "Archaeology of Food",
    "description": "Explores how archaeologists study food in the ancient world and the ways that understanding food and cuisine can inform interpretations of numerous other aspects of past societies. Looking at case studies from around the world, topics covered include food and evolution, the origins of agriculture, feasting, and food identity. The variety of methods that archaeologists use to examine foodways in the past, including zooarchaeology, paleoethnobotany, and residue analysis, will be presented.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 315",
    "name": "Archaeology of the American Southwest",
    "description": "The American Southwest is characterized by excellent preservation of archaeological sites, precision in chronological schemes, and a long history of intensive excavation and research, factors that have made it a laboratory for the development of archaeological methods. This course will provide an overview of the history of archaeological research in the Southwest, of the cultural developments of cultures and societies of the Southwest, and of the indigenous people present in the region today.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 339",
    "name": "Industrial Heritage and Communities",
    "description": "Primarily examines the legacy of the Industrial Revolution in the United Kingdom and the United States where former industrial sites (such as textile mills, coal mines, chocolate factories) have been transformed from abandoned ruins into major tourist attractions, economic regeneration machines for their communities, and even UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Studies industrial places in the context of the times in which they were operating and the processes by which they have been repurposed.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 341",
    "name": "Native People and Christianity",
    "description": "Same as REL 341. See REL 341.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 342",
    "name": "Animal Behavior",
    "description": "Same as ANSC 366, IB 329, and PSYC 329. See IB 329.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 350",
    "name": "Cultures of Law",
    "description": "Covers major concepts and debates in the study of legal anthropology: the way in which different societies understand justice, practice law, engage or violate human rights, adjudicate responsibility. We examine the foundations of different legal systems, the cultural categories that different societies use to determine the meaning of justice, guilt, innocence, and the variations in systems for both preventing and punishing crime. In addition, we will consider the cultures of law as a profession. How do lawyers learn to read and see the world differently? How do Courts create their own cultural norms and social contexts in ways that impact how all of us receive due process? Finally we explore the relationship between state power, rule of law and democracy. Is there and should there be a role for politics in the law?",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 351",
    "name": "Language and Race",
    "description": "What does it mean to say that someone \"sounds Black\" or to admiringly remark that Spanish is \"a sexy language\" or to accuse someone of \"pulling the race card?\" How do people apologize for doing or saying something racist? This course brings together resources from linguistic anthropology and theories about race to examine how we use language to ideologically and materially sort one another.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 360",
    "name": "Evolution and Human Health",
    "description": "Same as IB 360. See IB 360.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 361",
    "name": "Ecology and Human Health",
    "description": "Same as IB 361. See IB 361.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 363",
    "name": "Anth of Dance/Movement",
    "description": "Anthropological study of dance and other human movement systems in cultural contexts. Designed especially for students with little or no background in socio-cultural anthropology or the social sciences. Includes reading the works of major figures in the field, and learning how to study dances, signed languages and ritual events from an anthropological perspective. Students will also learn about socio-cultural theory and observation, doing fieldwork, movement literacy, problems of subjectivity and objectivity, and personal anthropology.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 370",
    "name": "Latina/o Ethnography",
    "description": "Same as LLS 370. See LLS 370.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 387",
    "name": "Anthropology of Crime",
    "description": "This course takes an anthropological perspective to challenge \"common-sense\" notions about crime. We will compare ideas about and representations of lawbreaking, criminality, danger, policing, and violence in different parts of the world, considering how they diverge from, and yet also overlap with, each other. Our goal is to find new ways to understand both how something becomes \"crime\" and also how it then quickly becomes sensationalized, stereotyped and simplified as it enters public debate.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 399",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Topics are given on a one-time only, experimental basis. Faculty offer special topics in their areas of expertise that provide an opportunity for undergraduates to be exposed to some of the most current developments in faculty research. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 403",
    "name": "Women in Muslim Societies",
    "description": "Same as GLBL 403, GWS 403, HIST 434, REL 403, and SAME 403. See REL 403.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 404",
    "name": "Disability, Culture & Society",
    "description": "Same as HK 407. See HK 407.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 407",
    "name": "Evolutionary Immunology",
    "description": "Immune systems are a defense mechanism against microbial assault and dying and cancerous cells. They are under tremendous evolutionary pressure to cope with changing invasions and other stresses and have, therefore, evolved differently across species and populations. The resulting immune variation strongly impacts human and animal health. This seminar addresses animal immune system physiology and function in the context of evolutionary and anthropological theory and research. It is designed for advanced undergraduate and graduate students with a basic background in biology, biological anthropology and related fields. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 411",
    "name": "Research Methods in Socio-Cultural Anthropology",
    "description": "Exploration of qualitative forms of research used by sociocultural anthropologists when conducting field research. Emphasis is on formulating research questions, research design, and application of these ethnographic methods to a substantial research project. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 416",
    "name": "Anthropology of Music",
    "description": "Same as MUS 416. See MUS 416.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 420",
    "name": "Case Studies Global Heritage",
    "description": "Cultural heritage encompasses major domains of social, economic, political, religious and environmental practice and policy-making under today's conditions of globalization. Students will critically examine cultural heritage case studies from around the world. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 425",
    "name": "Anthropology of Education",
    "description": "Same as EPOL 414, and EPSY 466. See EPOL 414.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 432",
    "name": "Genes and Behavior",
    "description": "Same as IB 432, NEUR 432, and PSYC 432. See IB 432.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 433",
    "name": "Communication and Culture",
    "description": "Same as CMN 433. See CMN 433.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 436",
    "name": "Biogeography",
    "description": "Same as ESE 439, GGIS 436, IB 439 and NRES 441. See IB 439.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 456",
    "name": "Contemporary Archaeology",
    "description": "Considers recent work in the emergent field of Contemporary Archaeology. Archaeological approaches can make visible the human-scale ramifications of contemporary problems like forced migration, homelessness, inequality, waste, and ruination. Focusing on the present, however, also introduces new methodological and theoretical challenges. Researchers must navigate global connectivities, ephemeral contexts, a diversity of data, and involvements with at-risk communities. The nature of this work raises questions about heterotemporality, researcher positionality, and opportunities for political action. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 459",
    "name": "The Ancient Maya",
    "description": "Introduces the ancestral Maya of the southern lowlands in Central America and focuses on the rise and fall of kings (c. 100 BCE-900 CE), water management, religion, sustainable practices, ritual and politics, impacts of the colonial period, and the Maya today. Excavation, iconography, inscriptions and ethnographic data are used to reveal past life ways as well as how past lessons are relevant today. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 462",
    "name": "Museum Theory and Practice",
    "description": "A foundational introduction to museology consisting of a critical examination of the history and social life of museums and how museums have been studied by scholars in a range of academic disciplines. Includes visits to campus and local museums. Same as ARTH 462 and LA 472. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 464",
    "name": "Theories & Theologies of Liberation",
    "description": "Same as AAS 464, GWS 464, and REL 464. See GWS 464.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 470",
    "name": "Anthropology of Modern China",
    "description": "Same as EALC 470. See EALC 470.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 479",
    "name": "Race, Medicine, and Society",
    "description": "Same as AAS 479 and LLS 479. See LLS 479.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 485",
    "name": "Anthropology of Policing",
    "description": "Introduction to the use of anthropological theories and methods in policing studies. Includes comparative historical survey of the diverse sources of power and authority which are bundled into the modern idea of \"police power,\" considers the range of authors contributing to contemporary debates about policing in anthropology, and supports students focusing on both theoretical and applied questions. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 498",
    "name": "Senior Capstone Seminar",
    "description": "A guided independent research seminar for Anthropology majors normally taken during the Fall of the senior year. Students may select to conduct significant and original research in any of the four sub-fields of anthropology or combine interdisciplinary interests. Working closely with the course instructors and with additional guidance from a chosen anthropology faculty advisor, student will develop a research topic of their choice, identify significant research questions, before collecting and analyzing their field data. 3 undergraduate hours. No graduate credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 514",
    "name": "Seminar in Cognitive Science",
    "description": "Same as PSYC 514, CS 549, EPSY 551, LING 570, PHIL 514. See PSYC 514.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 515",
    "name": "Seminar in Anthropology",
    "description": "Analysis of selected topics of special interest in anthropology. May be repeated to a maximum of 8 hours in the same or subsequent semesters.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 558",
    "name": "Key Issues in Heritage Studies",
    "description": "Engages critical issues in contemporary heritage studies such as the politicized UNESCO World Heritage system, heritage-based domestic and international conflicts, management of sites of trauma, contested heritage, heritage tourism, historic urban centers, heritage futures, the production of identity, post-conflict heritage, heritage branding, repatriation and reparation, landscape and memory, and intangible cultural heritage. Bodies of literature produced by key CHS (Critical Heritage Studies) scholars are analyzed. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 565",
    "name": "Race and Cultural Critique",
    "description": "Same as AAS 561, AFRO 531, GWS 561, and LLS 561. See AAS 561.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 570",
    "name": "Cultural Aspects of Tourism",
    "description": "Same as RST 570. See RST 570.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 594",
    "name": "Cultural Heritage",
    "description": "Same as LA 594. See LA 594.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ANTH 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Preparation of theses. Approved for S/U grading only.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARAB 150",
    "name": "Lang&Culture of Arab World",
    "description": "Interdisciplinary overview of the major aspects of the contemporary Arab culture. Based on scholarly research, textual resources, media, and literature from both the Arab World and elsewhere, examines the Arab people's historical background; language varieties; literary traditions; and representative social institutions. Same as SAME 150.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARAB 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARAB 201",
    "name": "Elementary Standard Arabic I",
    "description": "Mastery of the Arabic alphabet and phonetics; elementary formal grammar and the development of reading and writing skills; and conversation in the formal noncolloquial style. Participation in the language laboratory is required.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARAB 210",
    "name": "Colloquial Arabic I",
    "description": "Development of conversational fluency in one of the major colloquial dialects; see Class Schedule for dialect to be taught each term.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARCH 101",
    "name": "Introduction to Architecture",
    "description": "Introduction to architecture, the architectural profession, and its allied fields emphasizing the value of architecture to society and human behavior. Contemporary problems in architectural design, including an overview of building components and systems, sustainability, urbanism, fabrication, history and preservation, health, and social justice.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARCH 171",
    "name": "Introduction to Design I",
    "description": "The principles of architectural composition including form, space, and order are introduced. Students explore architectural precedents and design conceptualization. Students will apply two- and three-dimensional analog representation through sketching, drawing, analytical diagramming, and physical modeling.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARCH 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARCH 222",
    "name": "Islamic Gardens & Architecture",
    "description": "Same as ARTH 219 and LA 222. See LA 222.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARCH 231",
    "name": "Anatomy of Buildings",
    "description": "A holistic approach to the introduction of architectural technology. Enabling students to integrate technical material with design, this lecture/lab course addresses building codes, zoning, construction documentation and delivery, digital fabrication, and the impact of energy, sustainability, and environmental forces on building construction, comparing general principles of light frame and heavy construction materials, components, and systems. Students learn how to build virtually and physically, understanding the roles design and construction professionals play on integrated teams.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARCH 237",
    "name": "Urban Scale Sustainability",
    "description": "Focuses on understanding and conceiving holistic approaches to urban-scaled sustainability challenges, by looking at environmental, economic, and social factors affecting built environments. Emphasis is placed on illustrating individual and collective social roles in producing healthy and robust communities, currently challenged by climate change and environmental degradation. Students will investigate and propose actions ranging from simple gestures like reducing, reusing, and recycling, to highly complex neighborhood, city, and regional design decision-making and policy implementation.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARCH 314",
    "name": "History of World Landscapes",
    "description": "Same as LA 314. See LA 314.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARCH 315",
    "name": "History of Modern Landscape Architecture",
    "description": "Same as LA 315. See LA 315.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARCH 321",
    "name": "Environment, Architecture, and Global Health",
    "description": "This course surveys current research at the intersection of the built environment, health, and well-being. It emphasizes relationships among people and multiple scales of the environments they inhabit and the health and well-being consequences of these relationships. It comparatively examines these relationships within a broad range of Western and Non-Western cultures and contexts by introducing significant historical and contemporary theories, data of relevance, research processes, and applications in environmental design and planning processes. To improve person-environment fit, the roles of social groups, institutions, and organizations in the person-environment-health/well-being nexus within various cultural and geographic contexts are examined and compared.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARCH 419",
    "name": "Historic Building Preservation",
    "description": "Introduces historic preservation: legal, financial, and administrative assistance, graphic examination of restored buildings and sites, and application of conservation technology. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARCH 434",
    "name": "Environmental Control Systems I",
    "description": "Study of the control of thermal, luminous, and sonic environments with an emphasis on passive means of controls. Specific topics include: thermal comfort and behavioral implications; fundamentals of thermal behavior of buildings; the principles of heat and moisture in buildings; lighting fundamentals; light sources; effects of lighting on comfort and performance; energy economy and sustainability; acoustic fundamentals; room acoustics; noise control; basic electrical, plumbing, vertical transportation, and life safety systems. 5 undergraduate hours. 5 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARCH 483",
    "name": "Strategies of Architectural Design",
    "description": "Strategies of Architectural Design focuses on understanding the importance of site in relationship to human scale and the built environment through precedent analysis of typology, street, block and neighborhood. In addition, students will be introduced to basic strategies of architectural design and how these strategies are implemented through tectonics and materiality. No undergraduate credit. 1 to 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARCH 484",
    "name": "Representation",
    "description": "This course develops understanding of how architects represent ideas, values and meaning in the built environment. The course focuses on three topic areas; • analysis and representation of existing contexts, including climate, built environment and natural features • 2d and 3D graphic communication techniques and tools • analog and digital modeling techniques and tools. Students will be introduced to multiple relevant software tools and acquire basic skills in each. No undergraduate credit. 1 to 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARCH 510",
    "name": "History of World Landscapes",
    "description": "Same as LA 513. See LA 513.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARCH 515",
    "name": "History & Theory of Modern Landscape Architecture",
    "description": "Same as LA 515. See LA 515.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARCH 517",
    "name": "Modern Architectural History, 1850-Present",
    "description": "This course is a survey of significant buildings, movements, and figures of modern and contemporary architecture, contextualized in the social, cultural, political, economic, and technological developments of their time. It outlines the development of Modernist, postmodernist, and contemporary architectural thought. Key themes include industrialization and modernization, the development of global Modernisms and postmodernism in the twentieth-century, regionalism, globalization, the sustainability movement, and the development of digital technologies in architecture. 3 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARCH 535",
    "name": "Design of Tall Buildings",
    "description": "Introduction into tall building design, including design process and phases; architectural design, components, and planning; structural systems; wind engineering and using the wind tunnel; mechanical/electrical/plumbing systems and components; sustainability; and materials and construction. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARCH 589",
    "name": "PhD Colloquium",
    "description": "Provides Ph.D. students insight on the opportunities, responsibilities and expectations of various career paths, including academia, industry, and government. Core responsibilities - research, teaching and service - required of academic faculty will be discussed, along with important resources and strategies to aid students in obtaining a position and plotting a successful career path. 1 graduate hour. No professional credit. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 2 hours. Ph.D. students must repeat in separate terms to a maximum of 2 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ART 100",
    "name": "Understanding Visual Culture",
    "description": "Interdisciplinary methods in recognizing and understanding meaning of a wide range of visual messages in the arts, design, and culture, with emphasis on critical thinking and analysis. Topics include: visual perception, visual persuasion, the visual interpretation of time and space, humor. Contemporary art and design are explored through the use of semiotics and historical, cultural and ethical aesthetic and technical perspectives.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ART 102",
    "name": "Drawing for Non-Majors",
    "description": "Students will work with a wide variety of drawing materials, methods and strategies in a studio art context. Students will explore drawing concepts, form, and technique through production and critique of artworks, as well as address theories and histories of visual representation through readings and discussion. Students with little or no background in visual art are encouraged to participate as well as those who may have significant knowledge and experience. Not open to students majoring in art and design. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ART 103",
    "name": "Painting for Non-Majors",
    "description": "Students will work with a wide variety of painting materials, methods and strategies in a studio art context. Students will explore painting concepts, form, and technique through production and critique of artworks, as well as address theories and histories of visual representation through readings and discussion. Students with little or no background in visual art are encouraged to participate along with those who have significant knowledge and experience. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ART 104",
    "name": "Sculpture for Non-Majors",
    "description": "Students will work with a wide variety of sculptural materials, methods and strategies in a studio art context. Students will explore sculpture concepts, form, and technique through production and critique of artworks, as well as address theories and histories of visual representation through readings and discussion. Students with little or no background in visual art are encouraged to participate along with those who may have significant knowledge and experience. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ART 140",
    "name": "Introduction to Art",
    "description": "A creative and expressive exploration of multiple art media, including but not limited to drawing, painting and design elements. This course is an introduction to the art making process with weekly interactive lectures and hands on studio sections. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. Not open to students in art and design and architecture.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ART 156",
    "name": "Ceramics: Wheel Throwing",
    "description": "Introduces the techniques of making functional ceramic work on the pottery wheel including: centering, opening, throwing a cylinder, making bowl and plate forms, and making handles. Class time will focus on demonstrations of techniques and instructor led skills development of same by students. Students will also learn about materials and chemistry in the production and application of glazes. Students will examine the work of contemporary ceramic artists towards developing a vocabulary for the assessment and critique of their own works as well as their peers. Weekly studio contact time 3.75 hours. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 4 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ART 191",
    "name": "Unit One Studio/Seminar",
    "description": "Topics vary; consult Unit One office. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ART 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ART 205",
    "name": "Experience & Meaning in Design",
    "description": "Introduces students to the cultural impact of graphic design by connecting graphic design theory to the everyday experience of meaningful design. Graphic design will be studied as a mediating factor between culture and cognitive processing. The course utilizes a weekly pattern of assigned readings, online presentations, design assignments delivered online, and peer review. The reading and presentations will connect the students to major concepts. The assignments will allow students to demonstrate understanding of those concepts.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ART 208",
    "name": "Digital Art and Sustainability",
    "description": "The course will explore the social and environmental impacts of art-making practices that rely heavily on computer and Internet technologies. We will examine the wide range of artistic practices that employ computer and internet technologies and will introduce students to artists and artistic practices that criticize computer and Internet technologies and their impacts. Students will research the source of materials and labor used to manufacture computer and Internet related technologies, the facilities that support the infrastructure of the Internet and the social, political and economic systems that impact end of life management of electronic waste. From this base of research, students will employ digital or Internet technologies to produce a final project that explores how they understand the impact of their use of these technologies in scholarly pursuits including research, writing and making art.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ART 210",
    "name": "Special Topics for Non-Majors",
    "description": "Allows students to explore a revolving series of genres, specializations, and /or interdisciplinary practices. Possible subjects include, but are not limited to, site-specific public art, recycled and sustainable materials, performance, sound, or emerging technology. Topics and subject matter to be published in course listings. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 6 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ART 221",
    "name": "Visual Culture of Fandoms",
    "description": "The course will involve writing and art making as two modes of interpretation and response to mediated imagery. We will consider the idea that students may become so closely entwined with their own fandoms that it affects their sense of self, personal/societal relationships, and memory. We will also focus on the importance of imagination in creating/sustaining fandoms and fan art. The framework of this course will be supported by academic literature on fandoms as well as visual methodologies. Students will briefly learn about elements and principles of design; the codes and conventions that structure the image; the viewers and how they interpret or experience the image; and the contexts in which an image is exhibited and viewed.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ART 310",
    "name": "Design Thinking",
    "description": "Introduces design literacy and promotes an understanding of the field of contemporary design. Explores design thinking as a common thread that connects all disciplines concerned with the making of things, the solving of problems, and the organization of information. Through a series of lectures, case studies, and simple design projects, this course offers an extensible framework of tools and strategies that can be applied across multiple disciplinary boundaries.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ART 350",
    "name": "Writing with Video",
    "description": "Students will engage in a comprehensive exploration of creative inquiry, self-reflection, social engagement, and media production. They will adapt the basic, traditional principles of critical writing and analysis, to communicate effectively using image production and post-production. Directed writings in concert with video production projects will allow students to experience an integrated process of thinking, creating, and problem-solving. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTD 240",
    "name": "eWaste: Sustainable Design",
    "description": "Examines the topics of electronic waste, or eWaste, within the context of sustainable design. Students will learn about sustainable and \"green\" electronic product design practices and develop the ability to assess a variety of products according to these criteria. Case studies will be supplemented by assigned readings, directed writing, and group discussion.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTD 317",
    "name": "UI/UX Design for Non-Majors",
    "description": "This User interface/User experience (UI/UX) studio introduces the non-designer to the construction of compelling user experiences that incorporate the use of digital products/code. Students investigate both the theoretical and practical aspects of UI/UX through projects involving information architecture, user scenarios, wireframing, interface design, and creative code for web and mobile products. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTD 351",
    "name": "Graphic Design Inquiry",
    "description": "A series of topical studios that touch upon the myriad practices of graphic design. Students produce and analyze form and content according to each individual topic. Media engagement varies across sections. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. May be repeated up to 8 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTD 426",
    "name": "Product Innovation",
    "description": "Presents an overview of the product development process from concept generation to design for manufacturing and project management. Emphasis on product definition, innovation, the early phases of development and the role of designer in new product development. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTD 448",
    "name": "Professional Design Practice",
    "description": "Concentrates on developing presentation and communication skills that form the basis of a successful design career. Students will engage in portfolio reviews, plan and install exhibitions, prepare client presentations, and rehearse job interviews. Written work will include CV preparation. Emphasis will be placed on familiarizing students with professional practices and contexts. 3 undergraduate hours. No graduate credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTD 551",
    "name": "Design for Responsible Innovation Research Impact",
    "description": "This seminar helps DRI graduate students connect their research with pedagogy and professional development strategies to disseminate their research into publishing, conferences, communities, and other relevant venues. Students may take this course one time for credit toward the MFA DRI degree and one time for credit toward the PhD DRI degree. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 8 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTD 570",
    "name": "Design for Responsible Innovation Research Methodology",
    "description": "This seminar coordinates readings in design theory and the processes and principles of human-centered design with graduate students' emerging thesis research interests. Students will address the role of design research methodology in establishing design practice and design pedagogy. DRI graduate students enrolled in this course will be well-prepared to take leadership roles in the corresponding ARTD 270 Design Methods. Students may take this course one time for credit toward the MFA DRI degree and one time for credit toward the PhD DRI degree. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 8 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTE 201",
    "name": "Foundations of Art Education",
    "description": "Provides students with philosophical foundations for teaching art including in public schools. The primary emphasis will be on understanding recent and contemporary orientations through readings and practical activities. Particular emphasis will be placed on emerging trends in Art Education, especially the use of technology and the value of visual culture in student lives. It is envisaged that this course will provide the primary theoretical foundation for further practical and pre-service teaching courses in Art Education. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTE 260",
    "name": "Museums in Action",
    "description": "Considers how scholarly discourse in museum interpretation and educational program development are translated into practices that engage culturally diverse audiences. Readings, research, and professional activities provide students with opportunities for examination of museum interpretive practices, programming decisions, and public engagement activities, along with analysis of Krannert Art Museum's presence on the university campus, in the larger community, and on the World Wide Web. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTE 355",
    "name": "Creative Dance for Children",
    "description": "Same as CI 355, DANC 355, HDFS 355, and MUS 355. See DANC 355.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTE 480",
    "name": "Popular Visual Culture",
    "description": "Focuses primarily on contemporary popular culture, but also draws upon fine art, folk art, and indigenous art from both the past and the present. Considers the often troubled relationships between the pleasures of visual culture and its ideologies. Students examine the literature of visual culture studies and develop research skills by examining a specific site of visual culture of their own choosing in terms of aesthetic pleasures and ideology including but not limited to sexism, class, ethnicity, religion, homophobia, and xenophobia. Theories of the body, consumerism, and globalization, among others will be considered. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 6 undergraduate or 8 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTE 501",
    "name": "Issues in Art Education",
    "description": "A range of topical issues are explored, which may vary from semester to semester, but may include children's artistic development, visual culture and curriculum, the philosophy of art, and cultural studies. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated in the same or separate terms, if topics vary, to a maximum of 16 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTE 505",
    "name": "Foundations of Art Education",
    "description": "Designed for master's level students. Readings and discussions introduce the theories upon which classroom practices are based, and follow the historical sequence of three major movements within art education over the past 100 years: self-expression in art education, discipline-based art education, and the recent shift toward visual culture in art education. Primary emphasis will be on understanding recent and contemporary orientations. Designed to provide a basis for more in-depth study of curriculum and instruction, child development, multiculturalism, visual culture, and other areas germane to art education. Students compare and contrast the literature in terms of the theories offered, or assumed, of children, art, pedagogy, and society. In addition, students will be introduced to academic standards of writing.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTE 506",
    "name": "Theories of Art Education",
    "description": "Designed for doctoral level students. Readings and discussions introduce the theories upon which classroom practices are based, and follow the historical sequence of three major movements within art education over the past 100 years: self-expression in art education, discipline-based art education, and the recent shift toward visual culture in art education. Primary emphasis will be on understanding recent and contemporary orientations. Designed to provide a basis for more in-depth study of curriculum and instruction, child development, multiculturalism, visual culture, and other areas germane to art education. Students compare and contrast the literature in terms of the theories offered, or assumed, of children, art, pedagogy, and society. In addition, students will be introduced to academic standards of writing.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTE 591",
    "name": "Independent Graduate Studies",
    "description": "Individual direction in research and in creative activity; thesis. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTF 101",
    "name": "Contemporary Issues in Art",
    "description": "Exposes the first year student in an interactive lecture/discussion format to contemporary issues and disciplines in the visual arts. Course requirements include attendance of course lectures, field trips, visiting artist presentations, keeping of a journal and the writing of a paper. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTF 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTF 201",
    "name": "Issues in Visual Communication",
    "description": "Survey ideas and movements that have had important impact on visual culture over the last century. Readings, discussions, presentations, and research projects, will introduce significant modern and contemporary theories, and the artists and designers who have exemplified and furthered those ideas. Students will gain an understanding of issues that have influenced visual art and design in recent history, improve their ability to analyze images, expand their concepts of how meaning gets attached to images and objects, and increase their ability to engage in debate and discussion about art and design practices.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 110",
    "name": "Introduction to the History of Art and Visual Culture",
    "description": "This course introduces participants to foundational questions that shape the disciplines of art history and visual studies. It is not a comprehensive survey. Rather, it provides students critical frames for examining the visual world from various temporal, geographic, and methodological perspectives. Students will investigate the history, interpretation, and criticism of selected cultural objects, images, places, and spaces across time and around the globe.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 111",
    "name": "Ancient to Medieval Art",
    "description": "Development of the visual arts in Western Europe and the Near East in their cultural contexts from prehistoric times until the early fifteenth century; includes Egyptian, Greek, Roman, and medieval art and architecture. Same as MDVL 111.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 112",
    "name": "Renaissance to Modern Art",
    "description": "Development of the visual arts in Western Europe and the United States in their cultural contexts from the early fifteenth century to the present.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 211",
    "name": "Design History Survey",
    "description": "The historical, social and cultural context of design concentrating on manufactured products, communication, media and design from the Industrial Revolution to the present. Lectures, seminars and individual research projects.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 212",
    "name": "East Asian Art History",
    "description": "Same as EALC 212. See EALC 212.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 214",
    "name": "Art in China",
    "description": "Introduction to the visual arts in China and the practices of their exhibition in public museums. The structure of the course, which follows that of our textbook, is both thematic and chronological. The themes encompass objects made for tombs; objects made at the imperial court; objects made for worship; objects exchanged among members of the elite; and objects bartered in a market place. Final projects involve designing an exhibition. Same as EALC 214. Credit is not given for ARTH 214 if credit for ARTH 114 has been given.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 215",
    "name": "Greek Art",
    "description": "Survey of architecture, sculpture, and painting of the Greek world from the geometric period to the beginning of the Christian era. Same as CLCV 217.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 218",
    "name": "Ancient Greek Sanctuaries",
    "description": "Same as CLCV 232 and REL 232. See CLCV 232.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 219",
    "name": "Islamic Gardens & Architecture",
    "description": "Same as ARCH 222 and LA 222. See LA 222.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 220",
    "name": "African Arts and Architecture",
    "description": "Africa’s arts and architectural forms are as diverse and dynamic as its peoples. In chronological and thematic order, this course examines the emergence of some of Africa’s earliest rock arts, architectural forms, textiles/cloths, and more recent artistic expressions. We focus on internal and external influences such as long-distance trade, ancient Christianity, Islam, and European colonialism shaped local aesthetic innovations and the built environment. We also highlight Africa’s influences on global modernist artistic and cultural expressions.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 222",
    "name": "Medieval Art",
    "description": "The arts of Byzantium and Western Europe from the early Christian era to the Renaissance. Same as MDVL 222.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 230",
    "name": "Italian Renaissance Art",
    "description": "Architecture, painting, and sculpture of Italy during the Renaissance.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 231",
    "name": "Northern Renaissance Art",
    "description": "Architecture, painting, sculpture, and minor arts of Europe outside Italy in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Same as MDVL 231.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 235",
    "name": "Art, Power and Culture in 17th-Century Europe",
    "description": "Explores the diverse functions of the visual arts in Europe in a period of religious strife; expanding global trade; the rise of early capitalism, and the consolidation of absolutist regimes.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 240",
    "name": "Art of the Nineteenth Century",
    "description": "Architecture, painting, sculpture, and minor arts of France, Germany, Spain, and England in the nineteenth century.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 241",
    "name": "Modern Art, 1880-1940",
    "description": "This course examines the ways in which artists reconceived how art should look and function in response to the many changes -- social, political, and technological -- that accompanied the modernization of Europe from 1880 to 1940. Topics to be covered include the avant-garde, modernism's relationship to \"primitivism,\" pure abstraction, art's responses to the political upheavals of World War I and the Russian Revolution, the advent of design, and the politics of realism and representation. Although primarily focused in Europe, the course also touches on related modern movements globally.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 242",
    "name": "Art Since 1940",
    "description": "The scope of this course begins amidst the devastation and geopolitical shifts that followed World War II and ends with the effects of globalization in the 1990s and 2000s. We will ask the same questions that faced artists and critics in between: Should art focus on its own material processes or open its borders to historical flux? Is it art's job to create the cultural myths that bind society together, or to deconstruct them? Who participates in modern and contemporary art, and who doesn't? What kinds of production should be considered art? How are specific formal strategies informed by the perspectives of different subject positions? What politics underwrite them? We will consider, and reconsider, the existing narratives about art during this period with a dual aim: first, to better understand the historical positions of the artists in question, and, second, to piece together a prehistory of the moment in which we currently find ourselves.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 250",
    "name": "American Art",
    "description": "Surveys American art and architecture from the colonial period to the present.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 257",
    "name": "History of Photography",
    "description": "Examines a history of photography from its origin to the present, including both documentary and artistic approaches; considers relationships with other arts.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 260",
    "name": "Graffiti and Murals",
    "description": "From Bronx walls to the Berlin Wall, from ancient palatial decorations to spray-can art, murals and graffiti have been revolutionary political tools, objects of aesthetic contemplation, and vehicles for identity formation. Primarily a lecture course that examines ancient and early modern cases from different cultures, as well as focusing on modern examples from Latin America and the USA. Same as LLS 260.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 300",
    "name": "Art Criticism and Writing",
    "description": "This course introduces students to the history and practice of art criticism and provides them with relevant tools and experiences to craft their own body of art criticism. During the course of the semester, students will analyze and interpret texts of art criticism; analyze formal qualities of works of art and visual culture, and evaluate their meaning and historical significance; write about modern and contemporary art; and assemble an interview with a working artist.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 310",
    "name": "African Art and Society I",
    "description": "Introduces the arts of Black Africa, i.e., dance, drama, songs, and poetry, as expressed in a multi-media framework and a social-religious context; surveys the art styles of the Dogon, Senufo, Mende, and Ashanti peoples.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 312",
    "name": "Central African Art",
    "description": "A one-semester introduction to the arts of central Africa. Sculpture, pottery, architecture, body adornment, contemporary art, and performance will be examined and discussed on the basis of aesthetic, religious, political, and social contexts. Discusses many changes and continuities within African artistic traditions as evidenced in late twentieth-century urban, popular, and political arts of central Africa. We shall also investigate some central African artistic influences found in African American arts. Same as AFST 312.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 313",
    "name": "Modern and Contemp African Art",
    "description": "Examines how multiple \"modernisms\" emerged from African independence movements, and thereby influenced the development of African and African-American art from the 1960s to the present. Same as AFST 313.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 320",
    "name": "Sacred Sites in Japan",
    "description": "Same as EALC 320. See EALC 320.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 342",
    "name": "Arts of Colonial Latin America",
    "description": "Introduction to the major art historical, stylistic and iconographic developments of several Latin American countries of the late sixteenth through eighteenth centuries. Themes to be investigate include: the pictorial representation of race; indigenous workshops, traditions, and the birth of European art academies; the constructions of gender; as well as the translation of styles. The course includes field trips to local museums and libraries. Previous introductory level art history or Latin American history course recommended. Same as LAST 342.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 343",
    "name": "Arts of Modern Latin America",
    "description": "This course is an introduction to the major visual materials, monuments, and critical debates of the arts of Latin America, from the 19th to the early 20th century. It studies a wide range of artistic media, including drawings, paintings, popular prints, performance, photography, film, murals, architecture, and urban planning, especially as they pertain to definitions of \"Latin America\". The course pays particular attention to constructions of race and gender in representing the modern nation. Same as LAST 343.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 345",
    "name": "Realism to Postimpressionism",
    "description": "Studies European art from 1850 to 1900, with emphasis on French painting.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 360",
    "name": "Women and the Visual Arts",
    "description": "Explores the complex interconnections of women with the visual arts in Europe and North America from the classical era to the present, including the modes of artistic production and the representation of women in western society. Same as GWS 360.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 361",
    "name": "Contemporary Art",
    "description": "This class investigates the history of contemporary art, examining the key issues, institutions, and events that have shaped how and where contemporary art is made, displayed, encountered, and critiqued. Attention will center on the artistic and political engagements that inform contemporary practices, from the legacies of twentieth century artmaking to the fluctuations of global financial markets to artist responses to topics such as human rights crises and ecological disasters. Readings and discussions will also explore influential cultural centers in today’s global art world, including Beirut, Lagos, New York, and Shanghai. Prerequisite: No prerequisites, but students are encouraged to take ARTH 242 - Modern Art prior to ARTH 361 - Contemporary Art.",
    "prerequisites": "No prerequisites, but students are encouraged to take ARTH 242 - Modern Art prior to ARTH 361 - Contemporary Art."
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 403",
    "name": "Word and Image in Chinese Art",
    "description": "Study of the diverse correlations between verbal texts and visual images in Chinese art and art theory from the twelfth through seventeenth centuries. Same as EALC 403. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 or 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 413",
    "name": "Sacred African Diaspora Arts",
    "description": "Explores African diaspora arts grounded in the diverse aesthetic, philosophical, historical, political, and religious consciousnesses of peoples of African descent living in the Caribbean and the Americas. Focuses on the preservation and ongoing transformations of African visual and religious cultures surviving in African diaspora communities from the period of the trans-Atlantic slave trade to the present. Same as AFST 421. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 415",
    "name": "The Archaeology of Greece",
    "description": "Same as CLCV 443. See CLCV 443.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 416",
    "name": "The Archaeology of Italy",
    "description": "Same as CLCV 444. See CLCV 444.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 440",
    "name": "Romantic Art",
    "description": "Studies English, French, and German art from the end of the eighteenth century through 1840; focuses on revivalist movements, historicism, landscape art, and changing conceptions of art and artist during the period. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 or 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 443",
    "name": "The Russian Avant-Garde: Revolutionary Forms and Socialist Norms",
    "description": "What happens to art's forms and institutions in a socialist society? What kind of patron is the working class, the public, or the state? Can art be revolutionary? If so, how so? What does it look like? In this course, we will look at the ways that artists strove to answer these questions in the decades surrounding the Russian Revolution of 1917. Examining formations across a broad range of media—including painting and sculpture, mass festivals and monuments, theater, design, architecture, photography, and cinema—we will attempt to understand how art was redefined in terms of collective forms of authorship, common spaces, and shared things. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 447",
    "name": "France and Its Others",
    "description": "Examines the relationship between art and colonialism in nineteenth-century France. Topics include orientalism, primitivism, and exoticism; the central figures include Delacroix, Flaubert, Gerome, and Gauguin. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 or 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 462",
    "name": "Museum Theory and Practice",
    "description": "Same as ANTH 462 and LA 472. See ANTH 462.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 495",
    "name": "Undergraduate Seminar in Art History",
    "description": "Seminar offering students practical experience in research methods in Art History. Focuses on a specialized theme of the professor's choice, and incorporates extensive reading in a specific field of Art History and the completion of a substantial research paper. 3 undergraduate hours. No graduate credit. May be repeated if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 520",
    "name": "Seminar in Class Archaeology",
    "description": "Same as CLCV 520. See CLCV 520.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 539",
    "name": "Academies of Art",
    "description": "Academies, schools of art, and training workshops, have been educational, administrative, political and economic centers for the debate, control, dissemination, and legitimization of the theories, teaching and practice of the \"Fine Arts.\" This seminar analyzes the aims, parameters and meanings ascribed to these heavily invested and historically empowered sites through an examination of historiography, as well as models traditionally used in their defense or denigration.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 540",
    "name": "Seminar in Art 1750 to 1900",
    "description": "Intensive study of selected problems in European art. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTH 545",
    "name": "Realism to Postimpressionism",
    "description": "Studies European art from 1850 to 1900, with emphasis on French painting. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTJ 101",
    "name": "Introduction to Japanese Aesthetics",
    "description": "Experience and practice a sampling of Japanese arts. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTJ 199",
    "name": "Special Topics in Japanese Aesthetic Practices",
    "description": "Topic and subject matter to be published in individual course listings. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. May be repeated in the same term or separate terms, if topics vary, to a maximum of 12 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTJ 209",
    "name": "Chado (The Way of Tea)",
    "description": "Explores the Japanese Tea Ceremony and its relevance to everyday life. Students will acquire a better understanding of Japanese culture and a new appreciation of their own cultures through the study of the Tea Ceremony and the Zen worldview that informs it. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTJ 299",
    "name": "Seminar in Japanese Aesthetics",
    "description": "Offers an in-depth look at specific aspects of different Japanese art forms including anime, manga, and more. Topic and subject matter to be published in individual course listings. May be repeated in the same term or separate terms, if topics vary, to a maximum of 12 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTJ 301",
    "name": "Manga: The Art of Image and Word",
    "description": "Introduction to manga (Japanese comics), its production, its history in both a Japanese and global context, and the fundamentals of manga as an art form and part of the larger cultural traditions of Japan; emphasis on critical analysis of a variety of manga in translation and related scholarly articles; discussion of the evolution of manga and the ways it interacts with culture and society.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTJ 302",
    "name": "Intro to Japanese Animation",
    "description": "Introduction to anime (Japanese animation), its history, its relevance in both a Japanese and global context, and its international impact; emphasis on philosophical inquiry into issues raised in a variety of dubbed/subtitled anime and critical analysis of related scholarly articles; discussion of the mechanics of anime creation and examination of its interaction with other media including videogames and manga.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTJ 397",
    "name": "Zen, Tea, and Power",
    "description": "Introduction to the dynamic history of Zen, tea, and power through the in-depth explanation and analysis of the development of chanoyu (Japanese tea ceremony); illustration of how interrelated and mutually supportive social groups and key figures in Japanese history; emphasis on critical analysis of scholarly articles and books to gain understanding and knowledge of Japanese arts and culture; discussion of the application of Japanese aesthetics, theories, and philosophies.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTJ 399",
    "name": "Japan House Internship",
    "description": "Students will participate in outreach programming and development, communications, and special projects that focus on traditional Japanese arts and culture. Students must apply with an essay and interview process. Instructor approval required.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTS 205",
    "name": "Introduction to Printmaking",
    "description": "Introduction to the materials and techniques of printmaking, including intaglio, relief, lithography, and screenprint. Over the course of several projects, students will develop a familiarity with print processes while learning about the unique history and conceptual concerns of print media. Composition and technique are emphasized, and projects that relate to work developed in other studio and design areas are encouraged. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTS 220",
    "name": "Introduction to Fashion",
    "description": "An overview of the many diverse areas of interest and employment available to someone with and interest in fashion. This course will focus on the development of an individual apparel design process. Other topics include basic garment construction concepts, properties of textiles, fashion illustration, 20th century dress history, manufacturing, trend forecasting, merchandising, and social psychology of dress.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTS 252",
    "name": "Making and Meaning",
    "description": "Introduction to the relationship of material, method, and process to meaning in art practice. Through research, critique, and application of concepts in material studio processes, students will explore a diverse range of methods of achieving meaning in an artwork. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. May be repeated to a maximum of 6 hours in separate terms.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ARTS 340",
    "name": "The Art of 3D Imaging",
    "description": "Investigation of the three-dimensional modeling capabilities of 3D Studio Max software through a series of original tutorials, class projects and individual problems. The emphasis will be on quality of form and content rather than technical expertise. The end result will culminate in the understanding and production of limited edition digital prints. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. This course may not be repeated for credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASRM 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Covers special topics. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same term up to 12 hours or separate terms up to 12 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASRM 401",
    "name": "Actuarial Statistics I",
    "description": "Same as STAT 408. See STAT 408.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASRM 402",
    "name": "Actuarial Statistics II",
    "description": "Same as STAT 409. See STAT 409.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASRM 450",
    "name": "Methods of Applied Statistics",
    "description": "Same as STAT 420. See STAT 420.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASRM 451",
    "name": "Basics of Statistical Learning",
    "description": "Same as STAT 432. See STAT 432.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASRM 453",
    "name": "Applied Bayesian Analysis",
    "description": "Same as STAT 431. See STAT 431.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASRM 551",
    "name": "Statistical Learning",
    "description": "Same as CSE 542 and STAT 542. See STAT 542.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASST 104",
    "name": "Asian Mythology",
    "description": "Same as REL 104. See REL104.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASST 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASST 208",
    "name": "Cultures & Literatures of South Asia",
    "description": "Same as CWL 208, REL 208 and SAME 208. See REL 208.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASST 325",
    "name": "Social Media and Global Change",
    "description": "Same as AFST 325, EPOL 325, EPS 325, EURO 325, INFO 325, LAST 325, REES 325, and SAME 325. See EPOL 325.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASST 346",
    "name": "Gov & Pol of South Asia",
    "description": "Same as PS 346. See PS 346.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASST 347",
    "name": "Gov & Pol of Middle East",
    "description": "Same as PS 347. See PS 347.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASST 402",
    "name": "Transnational Islam, Europe-US",
    "description": "Same as ANTH 402 and REL 409. See ANTH 402.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASTR 100",
    "name": "Introduction to Astronomy",
    "description": "Introduces the student to the basic concepts of modern astronomy. Covers topics including the night sky; the solar system and its origin; the nature and evolution of stars; stellar remnants, including white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black holes; extrasolar planetary systems; galaxies and quasars; dark matter and dark energy; the Big Bang and the fate of the universe; and life in the universe. Credit is not given for ASTR 100 if credit in any of ASTR 121, ASTR 122, ASTR 210, or equivalent has been earned. Students with credit in PHYS 211 are encouraged to take ASTR 210.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASTR 121",
    "name": "Solar System and Worlds Beyond",
    "description": "Introductory survey of the Solar System; structure and motions of the Earth and Moon; planetary motions; natures and characteristics of the planets and smaller solar system bodies; planetary moons and rings; meteors, meteoroids, and meteorites; properties of the Sun; origin and evolution of the Solar System; discovery of extrasolar planetary systems; architecture of extrasolar planetary systems and comparison to our solar system; habitable extrasolar planets. Emphasis will be placed on problem-solving and scientific methods. Credit is not given for ASTR 121 if credit in either ASTR 100 or ASTR 210 has been earned. Students with credit in PHYS 211 are encouraged to take ASTR 210.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASTR 122",
    "name": "Stars and Galaxies",
    "description": "Introduction to celestial objects and phenomena beyond the Solar System, and their governing basic physical principles; galaxies, quasars, and structure of the universe; dark matter and dark energy; the Big Bang and the fate of the universe; the Milky Way; the interstellar medium and the birth of stars; stellar distances, motions, radiation, structure, evolution, and remnants, including neutron stars and black holes. Emphasis will be placed on problem-solving and scientific methods. Credit is not given for ASTR 122 if credit in either ASTR 100 or ASTR 210 has been earned. Students with credit in PHYS 211 are encouraged to take ASTR 210.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASTR 150",
    "name": "Killer Skies: Astro-Disasters",
    "description": "Exploration of the most dangerous topics in the Universe, such as meteors, supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, magnetars, rogue black holes, colliding galaxies, quasars, and the end of the Universe, to name just a few.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASTR 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "See course schedule for topics. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same term up to 5 hours or separate terms up to 8 hours, if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASTR 330",
    "name": "Extraterrestrial Life",
    "description": "Scientific discussion of the search for extraterrestrial life. Topics include: cosmic evolution (protons to heavy elements to molecules); terrestrial evolution (chemical, biological, and cultural); high technology searches for extraterrestrial life in the solar system (Mars, Venus, outer planets); and beyond the solar system (Drake equation and current SETI projects).",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASTR 510",
    "name": "Computational Astrophysics",
    "description": "Prepares students to use numerical simulations to study complex problems in astrophysics and cosmology. Numerical methods and parallel computing will be covered together with the design, validation, and analysis of simulations. Emphasis is placed on solving ordinary and partial differential equations that arise in astrophysical contexts. Students work on assigned numerical problems and perform simulations using existing simulation codes, writing a final paper which presents the results of simulations using one of these codes. There are no formal prerequisites except knowledge of a scientific programming language such as Fortran, C, and C++. Familiarity with Unix/Linux and astronomical analysis tools is useful but not required.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASTR 515",
    "name": "General Relativity I",
    "description": "Same as PHYS 515. See PHYS 515.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASTR 516",
    "name": "General Relativity II",
    "description": "Same as PHYS 516. See PHYS 516.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASTR 540",
    "name": "Astrophysics",
    "description": "Same as PHYS 540. See PHYS 540.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASTR 541",
    "name": "Physics of Compact Objects",
    "description": "Same as PHYS 541. See PHYS 541.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ASTR 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ATMS 100",
    "name": "Introduction to Meteorology",
    "description": "Introduces the student to the basic concepts and principles of meteorology via the interpretation of weather maps and charts; uses current weather information to illustrate key concepts, emphasizes the physical atmospheric processes responsible for weather. By the end of the class students will be able to interpret and make basic weather forecasts as well as be able to explain basic atmospheric phenomena. Same as GGIS 100.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ATMS 120",
    "name": "Severe and Hazardous Weather",
    "description": "Most extreme manifestations of weather and climate are analyzed in terms of their physical basis and their historical, economic and human consequences. Emphasis is placed on the interplay between technological advances, the evolution of meteorology as a science, and the impacts of extreme weather (winter storms, floods, severe thunderstorms, hurricanes, El Nino). Technological advances include satellites, weather radars and profilers, and computer models used for weather prediction. Same as ESE 120.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ATMS 140",
    "name": "Climate and Global Change",
    "description": "Introduces climate change and its interactions with the global environment; surveys the physical, chemical, biological and social factors contributing to global change; includes topics such as greenhouse warming, acid rain, ozone depletion, distinguishes anthropogenic influences and natural variability of the earth system; addresses societal impacts, mitigation strategies, policy options and other human responses to global change. Same as ESE 140.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ATMS 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Special topics each term. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ATMS 201",
    "name": "General Physical Meteorology",
    "description": "Introduction to physical processes in the atmosphere, focusing on those relevant to weather and storms. Emphasizes quantitative problem solving. Topics include atmospheric structure, atmospheric thermodynamics, clouds, synoptic meteorology, weather forecasting, and storms. For students in atmospheric sciences, physics, mathematics, engineering, and other physical and natural sciences.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ATMS 322",
    "name": "Soc Impacts Weather & Climate",
    "description": "Same as ENSU 301. See ENSU 301.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ATMS 323",
    "name": "Air Pollution to Global Change",
    "description": "Same as ENSU 302. See ENSU 302.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ATMS 401",
    "name": "Applied Meteorology",
    "description": "Examines how providers of meteorological information work with stakeholders who value that information to develop decision support systems in fields such as aviation, hydrometeorology, energy, health, national security, transportation, agriculture, emergency management, air quality, and climate sustainability. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ATMS 417",
    "name": "Climate Change Economics and Policy",
    "description": "Same as ACE 417. See ACE 417.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ATMS 446",
    "name": "Climate & Social Vulnerability",
    "description": "Same as GGIS 496 and SOC 451. See GGIS 496.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ATMS 447",
    "name": "Climate Change Assessment",
    "description": "Provides students with first-hand experience with computer models used to study climate change and permits them to test hypotheses, develop scenarios, learn about the implications of various structures of the modeled system, and evaluate the climatic impacts of anthropogenic emissions. Students perform calculations and produce model scenarios using a web interface to our Integrated Science Assessment Model (ISAM). 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ATMS 491",
    "name": "Adv Topics in Atmospheric Sci",
    "description": "Special topics in atmospheric sciences. See Class Schedule for topics and prerequisites. 2 to 4 undergraduate hours. 2 to 4 graduate hours. May be repeated in the same or separate terms as topic varies to a maximum of 12 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ATMS 535",
    "name": "Aerosol Sampling and Analysis",
    "description": "Same as CEE 545. See CEE 545.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 205",
    "name": "Business Location Decisions",
    "description": "Same as GGIS 205. See GGIS 205.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 210",
    "name": "Business Analytics I",
    "description": "An introduction to basic knowledge of statistics, distributions, and linear regressions in a business setting Students will be able to perform and understand the use of basic statistical methods in generating inferences and modeling including hypothesis testing and multivariate regression. The course will introduce the concepts of a data life cycle, data visualization, and data summarization. Students will learn how to identify, describe and frame business opportunities through evidence-based storytelling and hands-on learning using spreadsheets and data visualization tools.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 261",
    "name": "Technology & Mgmt Seminar",
    "description": "Current topics in technology and management presented by senior executives from a wide range of industries. Executives discuss challenges they confront and approaches taken in execution of their respective businesses. Format encourages dialogue and discussions between executives and students. Same as ENG 261. Credit is not given toward technical electives in the College of Engineering nor business electives in the College of Business, nor toward the T&M Minor.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 275",
    "name": "Fundamentals of Operations Management",
    "description": "Operations Management is about developing, producing, and delivering goods and services that meet and exceed customer expectations. In this course, students will be introduced to decision making frameworks and techniques for effectively and efficiently managing operations through coordinated efforts across different organizations in a supply chain and across multiple areas within an organization. These multiple areas could be consumer analytics, research and development, finance, engineering, marketing, human resource management, sourcing, information systems, logistics, and accounting.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 300",
    "name": "The Legal Environment of Bus",
    "description": "Introduction to law and the legal system, litigation, contracts, business organizations, intellectual property, employment law and governmental regulation of business.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 303",
    "name": "Principles of Public Policy",
    "description": "Same as ACCY 321, ACE 321, and PS 321. See PS 321.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 310",
    "name": "Mgmt and Organizational Beh",
    "description": "General analysis of management and organizational behavior from a systems point of view, including classical organizational theory and management, organizational behavior, and management science; environmental forces; planning, organizing, and control processes; motivation, incentives, leadership, communication, and interpersonal relations; and discussion of production and decision-making and mathematical models.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 314",
    "name": "Leading Negotiations",
    "description": "Aims to advance students' ability to negotiate formal and informal business agreements and resolve conflicts effectively. Because leaders depend on others to accomplish goals, leaders need to be skilled negotiators to generate solution that are acceptable, valuable, and able to be implemented. Students will engage in a series of negotiations that provide practice and impart a framework for planning for, conducting, and analyzing negotiations. Restricted to College of Business students and Business Minor students. Restricted to students with Junior or Senior class standing.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 320",
    "name": "Principles of Marketing",
    "description": "Emphasizes the concepts of planning, organization, control, and decision making as they are applied in the management of the marketing function. Provides an overview of aspects of the marketing discipline.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 328",
    "name": "Advanced Sales Strategies",
    "description": "Focuses on developing advanced sales techniques to help you succeed in the sales industry. These will be both strategic and tactical in nature and look at the various media platforms used today. It will include mock interviews, written sales proposals, and role-playing exercises that will facilitate application of effective sales techniques. Responsibilities, functions and skills necessary to be an effective sales manager are covered, including an evaluation of sales organizational structures, recruiting, selecting, testing, and training of salespeople. Related topics include compensation plans, controlling expenses, sales forecasting/projections, quotas, ethics, and motivation, among other sales topics. It will consist of lectures, assigned activities and role playing exercises, current materials / articles and information from sales / business / revenue development leaders with experience in sales management. You will also be exposed to industry professionals who will share their experiences with you.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 335",
    "name": "Supply Chain Management Basics",
    "description": "Course broadly exposes students to the basics of supply chain management. It concentrates on the basic concepts, terminology, techniques and tools in supply chain management. Introduces the main functions of supply chain management and its interface with marketing, finance, and information management. Studies the interactions among the logistics of manufacturing, inventory, and transportation. Students are introduced to mathematical modeling and computer simulations to optimize the performance of supply chains.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 337",
    "name": "Practicum in Supply Chain Mgt",
    "description": "This is the capstone course for the Supply Chain Management major. Students are required to work in teams to solve real-world supply chain management problems using the tools and techniques learned from their other classes. Students are required to present their progress and final reports to both the faculty and company sponsors. Also covers some basic elements of project management and a large case study.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 338",
    "name": "Global Supply Chain Management",
    "description": "Due to intense global competition, companies increasingly realize the importance of global supply chain management, as they have become more involved with their cross-border suppliers and customers in order to meet customer expectations in a global marketplace. This course in 'global supply chain management' focuses on specialized topics arising in the context of procurement, operations, transportation, finance, and governance of relationships of multiple international buyer and supplier organizations.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 340",
    "name": "Ethical Dilemmas of Business",
    "description": "Examines business decision making and the role ethics plays in that process. Analysis of how managers behave and whether ethical choices are knowingly made or only realized thereafter. The object is to increase awareness of the moral dimension of business activity.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 341",
    "name": "Foundations of Strategic Management",
    "description": "Aims to provide the conceptual foundations and analytical tools for strategic decision-making. Drawing from major theories of strategic management, such as game theory, transaction-costs theory, and dynamic resource-based theory, the course covers key issues in corporate strategy and internal organization. Through lectures, case analyses, and simulation games, students learn to apply theoretical frameworks to various strategic issues related to diversification, M&A, strategic alliances, organizational structure, culture, and incentive system.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 346",
    "name": "Introduction to Entrepreneurship",
    "description": "Introduces students to the entrepreneurial process and to essential business concepts relevant to entrepreneurship. Students will learn about the key activities of entrepreneurship, including idea generation, resource acquisition, and business model development, and about multiple forms of entrepreneurship, including startups, within-company new businesses and social ventures. The course also addresses the intersection of entrepreneurship and broader societal issues. Approved for Letter and S/U grading.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 350",
    "name": "IT for Networked Organizations",
    "description": "Examines the information technology and its impact on modern organizations. Topics include: (1) IT, Internet Technologies, E-Commerce and business models, (2) organizing and modeling enterprise data, (3) Network protocol and architecture, (4) development of IT systems, and (5) IT management and organization design.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 351",
    "name": "Social Media Strategy",
    "description": "Business managers of today must be equipped to deal with the new reality of a highly connected society. In this course, students will learn foundational concepts of Social Media and their applications for generating value for their customers, the society, and the business itself. The course aims to develop analytical skills and understanding of the opportunities and challenges that social media, global collaboration and new ways of engaging customers pose for the firm. An emphasis will be placed on managerial decision making in the context of the social media phenomenon.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 352",
    "name": "Database Design and Management",
    "description": "Introduce the modern concepts, techniques and management practices when dealing with data and use of data in organizations. Topics include data modeling, database logical and physical designs, implementation, database administration and web-based database environment. Students will be involved in constructing a database and researching an advanced topic to solidify the learning.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 353",
    "name": "Info Sys Analysis and Design",
    "description": "Methodologies and techniques used and deliverables created in developing large-scale information systems, including preliminary planning, feasibility analysis, design implementation, and post-implementation review of the system; a term-long project which familiarizes students with methodology and techniques is required.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 356",
    "name": "Data Science and Analytics",
    "description": "In this course, you will learn not only data analytic techniques but also the managerial implications of competing with analytics. You will understand the managerial challenges of using data analytics to develop a strategic advantage through readings and case studies. You will learn techniques such as statistical inference, linear modeling, sentiment analytics, and data mining through hands-on exercises in R. R is an open source language that has grown in importance and usage in corporations. Finally, you will be able to present and interpret data through an understanding of data visualization techniques.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 357",
    "name": "Digital Making Seminar",
    "description": "The third industrial revolution is upon us, and you have the ability to create functional products on your desktop, by using some inexpensive and accessible tools. This course will help you get trained on many of these tools and technologies, you will also experiment and make these objects. We will explore 3D scanning, modeling and printing to rapidly prototype products. We will experiment with open hardware, micro-controllers such as Arduinos, to explore the concept of the internet of things. We will also have guest lectures in design thinking, digital making and some stories from passionate makers from the community and beyond. Business students encouraged to apply, but all majors and all years welcome. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 360",
    "name": "Digital Marketing",
    "description": "Designed to help you acquire a strong understanding of what is and how to develop a Digital Marketing strategy. We will be evaluating each step in the development of the strategy and getting hands on experience in the latest digital media platforms. You will be learning how to research brands, how to develop strategies, how to determine problems and solutions, how to evaluate information and how to present and defend your work.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 365",
    "name": "New Product Marketing",
    "description": "Exposes engineering students to the discipline of marketing and to business decision-making in the unique context of new product marketing decisions. Credit is not given for both BADM 365 and BADM 320.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 367",
    "name": "Mgmt of Innov and Technology",
    "description": "Course focuses on the strategic management of technology and innovation in organizations. It builds primarily on broad models of technological evolution and organizational change. Same as TMGT 367.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 370",
    "name": "Information Security Management",
    "description": "In the information technology driven world of today, information security and cybersecurity have assumed great importance due to the dangers from hackers, cyber-attacks, viruses, malware, and other threats. In this course, students will be exposed to the key aspects of information security and cybersecurity management with a focus on management and implementation issues in the business world, cost-benefit matters, and discussion of topics pertaining to effectively detecting, managing and mitigating information security/cybersecurity threats.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 375",
    "name": "Operations Strategy",
    "description": "Students will learn how organizations can gain and sustain competitive advantage through their operations capabilities. The course content will cover manufacturing and service contexts across industries such as airline, consulting, entertainment, healthcare, hospitality, information technology, and retail. Cases and examples will be used to explore technologies such as blockchain and internet of things (IOT), issues such as supply chain risk and social responsibility, and business models such as alliances and sharing economy.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 377",
    "name": "Project Management",
    "description": "In-depth treatment of management concepts, tools, and techniques that apply to the organization, planning, and control of projects; particular emphasis on analyzing needs, defining work, scheduling tasks, allocating resources; assessing costs, managing risks; tracking and evaluating performance; and building and leading teams.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 378",
    "name": "Logistics Management",
    "description": "Treats the total flow of materials from their acquisition as basic or unprocessed supplies to delivery of the finished product, as well as the related counter-flows of information that both record and control material movement. Major topics include forecasting material requirements; transportation planning; order processing system; raw material, in-process and finished goods inventory management; packaging; in plant and field warehousing; location theory (space, time, and cost trade- offs); communications; and control.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 379",
    "name": "Business Process Improvement",
    "description": "The survival and growth of any organization requires the continuous improvement of its processes. This course focuses on philosophies and tools for enhancing customer-defined value created through processes. Contemporary process improvement programs are emphasized along with conventional ideas - topics include Statistical Quality Control, Value Stream Mapping, Total Quality Management, and Six Sigma.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 380",
    "name": "International Business",
    "description": "Introduces the field of international business and management. Examines the economic, political, and legal environments of international business. Analyzes differences in financial management, marketing, and management practices for firms doing business abroad.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 381",
    "name": "Multinational Management",
    "description": "Examines critical issues facing managers who work in multinational firms. Designed to develop students' skills for working in a global business environment. Topics include foreign market entry strategies, global management of the functional areas of business, and management and control of multinational firms in the global marketplace.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 394",
    "name": "Senior Research I",
    "description": "Research and readings course for students majoring in business administration. May be taken by students in the college honors program in partial fulfillment of the honors requirements. May be repeated in the same or separate terms for unlimited undergraduate hours. Not applicable to graduate or professional hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 395",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Special topics of interest to students majoring in Business Administration. May be repeated if topics vary. Not applicable to graduate or professional hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 403",
    "name": "Corporate & Commercial Law",
    "description": "Advanced discussion of corporate and commercial law, including topics tested on the CPA exam: agency, contracts, debtor-creditor relationships, governmental regulation of business and business organizations. 4 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 438",
    "name": "Agri-food Strategic Management",
    "description": "Same as ACE 431. See ACE 431.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 440",
    "name": "Business Applications of GIS",
    "description": "Same as GGIS 440. See GGIS 440.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 445",
    "name": "Small Business Consulting",
    "description": "Through guided experience, students identify and offer advice to local small business firms; exposes students, serving as consultants, to the wide variety of problems facing the smaller firm as well as enables them to apply current business methods to real problems. Students work in teams. 4 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 447",
    "name": "Legal Issues in Entrepreneurship",
    "description": "Addresses legal issues that entrepreneurs will deal with such as leaving your present employer, the right legal structure to adopt; sole proprietorship, partnership, LLC or corporation, implementing the new structure, protecting IP assets, financing the new business, running the new business, including contracts, sales, agency and employment law issues. Exit strategies for the business are also explored. 4 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 449",
    "name": "Business Policy and Strategy",
    "description": "Analysis of policy formulation and implementation from a company-wide standpoint; emphasis on integration of knowledge and approaches across functional areas; both endogeneous and exogeneous factors which affect company policies; and the role of the firm in society. 3 undergraduate hours. No graduate credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 453",
    "name": "Business Intelligence",
    "description": "Provides a conceptual and practical overview of analytical tools, techniques, and practices used to support data-driven decision making in organizations. Topics include data visualization, data mining, machine learning techniques and business intelligence programming languages. 3 undergraduate hours. No graduate credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 501",
    "name": "Introduction to Business",
    "description": "This course is designed to give students a broad-based introduction into managing businesses as a gateway to the rest of the specialized master's degree curriculum. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 502",
    "name": "Communicating with Data and Decision Making",
    "description": "Making decisions in organizations often require data, an approach that is increasingly becoming critical with proliferation of data. Data has to be understood for insights, to aid in decision making or presented to others to persuade. This course will introduce concepts and techniques to understand and communicate data for insights and decision-making. Topics include types of data, data visualization, descriptive statistics, understanding and representing variation, multiple variables, time series and maps. The course will follow a practice based approach. 2 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 508",
    "name": "Leadership and Teams",
    "description": "Develops and integrates fundamental behavioral concepts and theory having administrative applications; initially focuses on the individual decision maker and ultimately includes interpersonal, organizational, and social structures and influences; and develops strategies and methods of research on behavioral applications in business.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 509",
    "name": "Managing Organizations",
    "description": "Examines and analyzes the organization as a social system and the impact of its various components on work attitudes and behavior; topics include the development of organizational structures, organizational effectiveness, decision making and policy formulation, leadership, and change.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 512",
    "name": "HR Management and Strategy",
    "description": "Same as LER 565. See LER 565.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 513",
    "name": "Communication Strategy in Bus",
    "description": "Offers an introduction to communication, business presentation, and essential interpersonal skills, including message clarity, attentive listening, and constructive feedback for more effective cooperation, conflict management, teamwork and productivity. Covers communication concepts and skills that help heighten emotional intelligence and offer strategies for communicating effectively across cultural, generational and gender lines. 2 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 520",
    "name": "Marketing Management",
    "description": "Introduces concepts useful in understanding marketing systems and buyer behavior in addition to developing skills in making marketing decisions; the orientation is primarily managerial and uses examples from both business and non-business contexts.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 521",
    "name": "Marketing Strategy",
    "description": "Formal analysis of strategy drawing on concepts from the theory of games, decision theory, value theory, and information theory; topics cover elements of game models, classes of decision problems, games against nature, modern utility theory, information theory, group decision making, statistical decision theory, and linear and nonlinear optimization.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 522",
    "name": "Social Media Analytics",
    "description": "This course takes an in-depth look at social networks, social media platforms and online advertising to offer students an advantage in many positions involving marketing, consulting and brand management both on the buyer and seller side of social media. Students with an interest in entrepreneurship will also find the course useful as new businesses often rely on social media marketing. This course offers an overview of how marketing has (and has not) changed due to the rise of social media. It will equip students with the relevant knowledge, perspectives, and practical skills required to develop marketing strategies that leverage the opportunities inherent in social media and consumer-to-consumer social interactions for achieving business and marketing goals. The emphasis of this course is on understanding consumers' social interactions, the various social media channels available to marketers, how to build social marketing strategies, and how to track their effectiveness. Also, since social media is heavily technology-driven we will cover relevant related aspects in digital marketing more broadly, as well as emerging topics in electronic commerce, mobile marketing, and social media startups. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Credit is not given for BADM 522 and BADM 590 (31482) section SMA.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 523",
    "name": "Consumer Behavior",
    "description": "Studies alternative models of buyer behavior; focuses attention on psychological, sociological, and economic factors including motivation, learning, attitudes, personality, reference groups, social stratification, demographics, life-styles, and cross-cultural differences and their impact on purchasing, consumption, and choice decisions.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 524",
    "name": "Pricing Strategy and Tactics",
    "description": "Develops concepts and techniques for formulating and administering prices in a variety of business situations. Focuses on understanding the internal and external environment through relevant information acquisition and analysis for developing appropriate pricing strategies and tactics.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 525",
    "name": "New Product Development",
    "description": "The decisions on the firm's total market offer, including such topics as use of market analysis in making decisions on assortment, product development, pricing, packaging, branding, and sales forecasting; coordination of these decisions and actions with market communications, physical movement, production, finance, and the overall goals and policies of the firm; and emphasizes the use of analytic and research methods in making assortment and product decisions.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 526",
    "name": "Consumer Analytics: Theory and Practice",
    "description": "Reviews the science side of marketing by studying multiple models used by companies and consulting firms in the different steps of the marketing process. The marketing consulting approach provides a deeper understanding of the process that supports marketing management decisions. To enhance the learning experience, the course will be strongly based on software applications that offer hands-on exposure to real life corporate applications. Students need to have basic knowledge of R or Python. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 527",
    "name": "Brand Management",
    "description": "Brand Management addresses the key issues of brand asset management faced by firms in the 21st century. Class discussions will focus on providing theoretical tools for uncovering and understanding the associations that consumers establish with their brands, for predicting the effects of these associations on brand-related judgments and behaviors, and for devising strategies for building strong brands. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 528",
    "name": "Promotional Strategy",
    "description": "Management orientation to promotional strategy for the medium and large size organization: includes analyses of the primary elements of the promotional function from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives emphasizing such factors as (1) selection among alternative promotional tools, (2) the promotional budgeting and allocation process, and (3) determination of appropriate messages and media schedules for given product/market situations. Explores widely used models in depth for strategic usefulness; emphasizes case analysis and contemporary situations.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 529",
    "name": "Marketing Research",
    "description": "Examines the collection and analysis of information applied to marketing decisions; stresses quantitative methods including samplings, scalings, experimental design, forecasting, and multivariate procedures through the use of class projects on actual market research problems.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 531",
    "name": "Survey Methods in Mkt Res",
    "description": "Analysis of survey methods in marketing with emphasis on sample design, data collection, and data processing; an advanced course in the methods required to design, implement, and evaluate a research project. Same as SOC 576.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 541",
    "name": "Foundations of Strategic Management",
    "description": "Addresses conceptual issues and theoretical perspectives for analyzing strategic behavior within and between firms: The course draws from prominent theories of strategic management, such as game theory, transaction-costs theory, and dynamic resource-based theory. Through lectures, case analyses, and simulation games, students learn to apply theoretical frameworks to a broad array of strategic problems, including diversification, M&A, strategic alliances, dynamic capabilities, incentives, organizational structure, culture, and strategic decision-making. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 543",
    "name": "Technology Strategy",
    "description": "Technological change is a fundamental challenge and opportunity for business leaders in the modern economy. This course deals with concepts and analytical frameworks for strategizing and managing in an environment of technological upheaval and constant innovation. Broadly, students are exposed to ideas about how firms create value through new technologies, and how they in turn capture some of that value to make profits. Specific topics include sources and patterns of innovation, business models, first mover advantages, barriers to imitation, technology commercialization modes, network effects and standards competition, creative destruction and technological disruption, alliances and collaboration, and strategic renewal. The course aims to impart the strategic toolkits and skills required to manage dynamic technology-intensive businesses. 2 or 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 551",
    "name": "Managing Intellectual Property",
    "description": "Knowledge assets - technologies, knowhow, creative works, reputations, talent, and customer relationships - are critical drivers of business today. Intellectual property (IP) of various types (patents, copyrights, trade secrets, trademarks, etc.) can confer valuable rights over these knowledge assets, which makes intellectual property strategy a vital skill in the modern manager's professional toolkit. This course provides an introduction to different IP types and an in-depth exploration of the strategic issues entailed in using (obtained, licensing and enforcing) IP rights in business. It examines how IP strategies can be used to support the company's overall strategy, and how the two can be better aligned. The end goal is to develop the business manager's vocabulary, understanding, and strategic thinking in dealing with intellectual property as tools for competitive business success. 2 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 552",
    "name": "Legal Aspects of Mgt Decisions",
    "description": "The legal environment in which business decisions are made, including the legal system and the role of courts, government taxation and regulation of business, administrative law, antitrust law, labor law, and trends in the law affecting business policy.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 553",
    "name": "Ethical Dilemmas in Business",
    "description": "Examines business decision making and the role ethics plays in that process. Analysis of how managers behave and whether ethical choices are knowingly made or only realized thereafter.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 554",
    "name": "Enterprise Database Management",
    "description": "Databases are important because they play a critical role in today's business environment. Almost all modern organizations use database technologies to store and manage data in every functional area of business including its operations, finance, accounting, and marketing. By understanding data modeling and being able to query databases, you possess one of the most marketable skills to help a business better manage their data and discover new opportunities through better analytics. At the end of this course you will be able to (a) Understand and help articulate the data needs of the company (requirement analysis), (b) Conceptually model the relationship of the data (data modeling), (c) Query databases to meet business requirements, (d) Understand the principles of design of data warehouses, (e) Understand the alternatives to relational databases (no SQL) with reference to storing Big Data, and (f) Explain the benefits of distributed databases 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Credit is not given for both BADM 554 and BADM 352.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 555",
    "name": "Info Sys Development and Mgt",
    "description": "Addresses issues relevant to the development of large-scale information systems including systems concepts and thinking, systems development life cycle, objectives, methodology and deliverables in each phase, behavioral implications of systems development and integration information systems with business processes. Credit is not given for both BADM 555 and BADM 353.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 557",
    "name": "Topics in Business Intelligence",
    "description": "In recent years, an increasing number of companies, large and small, have begun to utilize big data and associated analytics methods to gain information and support their decision-making. This course will introduce students to the basic principles and technology foundations of data mining, focusing on business applications of machine learning. Different topics such as different algorithms and software may be covered in different semesters. 2 or 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Credit is not given for both BADM 557 and BADM 453.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 558",
    "name": "Big Data Infrastructures",
    "description": "Provides students a thorough understanding of the fundamentals of big data platforms and technologies, data engineering, data analytics and algorithms for both operational and analytical use cases. Experimenting end to end pipelines on cloud platforms from data collection to presenting data driven insights for a nontechnical audience. Students will have the opportunity to understand both relational, analytical databases and NoSQL databases on the cloud as well as on premise from real-life datasets while leveraging programmatic or configuration driven data pipelines. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 559",
    "name": "Enterprise IT Governance",
    "description": "Addresses enterprise IT governance, with a focus on (1) IT governance strategy, including strategic mapping, IT portfolio management, and IT risks assessment; (2) IT control frameworks for organizing IT processes and defining management control objectives, and (9) Trustworthy information management.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 565",
    "name": "Strategic Sourcing",
    "description": "This course aims to provide students with an understanding of the impact that sourcing and supply management have on the success and profitability of firms in today's business environment. We will look at some of the factors that need to be considered when making sourcing and supplier management decisions (make or buy, in-sourcing, and outsourcing; quality; quantity and inventory; prices; costs; supplier selection; supplier evaluation; globalization), and discuss the influence that sourcing and supply management have on other functional activities, such as product design, inventory management, etc. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Credit is not given for BADM 565 and BADM 590, Section STS.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 566",
    "name": "Supply Chain Management",
    "description": "Focuses on how to manage flows of products and services from raw material sources to final customers and associate flows of information. Helps students to develop a system view of measuring channel performance, integrating cross-functional activities, and coordinating processes across organizations.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 567",
    "name": "Operations Management",
    "description": "Operations Management (OM) is the design and execution of systems for the development, production, and distribution of goods and services. OM includes decisions for choosing production technologies, designing processes, creating demand forecasts, managing inventories, selecting suppliers, and ensuring quality. This course focuses on conceptual foundations and fundamental analytical approaches for OM. 2 or 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 572",
    "name": "Stat for Mgt Decision Making",
    "description": "The application of classical and modern statistics for business decision making. The level of the course assumes some prior knowledge of basic statistics as well as facility with elementary calculus.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 573",
    "name": "Decision Analytics",
    "description": "Introduction to analytical approaches to decision making using statistical, probabilistic, and quantitative methods based on data and judgment. This course focuses on understanding of the decision analytic framework and applying practical hands-on skills and tools to business decisions under uncertainty. 2 or 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 574",
    "name": "Simulation and Risk Analysis",
    "description": "This course provides quantitative tools for solution of management problems involving risk, competing objectives, and complex constraints. The course will provide hands-on experience with techniques for solving these problems, with a particular emphasis on models and methods that enable managers to proactively manage and mitigate risk, obtain insight, and support decision making. Models are illustrated with applications to operations management, finance, and marketing, with a particular emphasis on issues associated with project portfolio management.  Hands-on modeling skills are developed using spreadsheet-based software tools. We will consider challenges that executives and organizations encounter when implementing these approaches, and demonstrate how mathematical models can improve on \"seat of the pants\" methods.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 575",
    "name": "Supply Chain Analytics",
    "description": "The objective of the course is to introduce students to using data analytics for improving decision making in supply chains. With Globalization and digitization of supply chains a large volume of data is getting generated within supply chains. Being able to use the information in the data to improve supply chain functioning is critical to success for many organizations. In this course, students are introduced to data analytic methods such as statistical modeling and machine learning methods for organization, and analysis of large volume of different kind of data that relate to specific aspects of managing and organizing supply chain. This course follows a project based practical learning approach. The course is divided into several modules and students are required to analyze and present data and inferences with respect to these modules. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Credit is not given for BADM 575 and BADM 590 (31474) Section SCA.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 576",
    "name": "Data Science and Analytics",
    "description": "In this course, you will learn not only data analytic techniques but also the managerial implications of competing with analytics. You will understand the managerial challenges of using data analytics to develop a strategic advantage through readings and case studies. You will learn techniques such as statistical inference, linear modeling, sentiment analytics, and data mining through hands-on exercises in R. R is an open source language that has grown in importance and usage in corporations. Finally, you will be able to present and interpret data through an understanding of data visualization techniques. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 577",
    "name": "Predictive Data Analytics",
    "description": "This course covers advanced techniques of data analytics, with an emphasis on the predictive perspective. This course provides both rationale and real-world applications of data analytics and is ideal for students seeking to extract insights from real data to support business decision-making. In particular, students will learn to: (1) mine, summarize and visualize data (2) formulate, identify, and design optimal procedure for prediction, forecast and inferential decision-making (3) uncover and quantify the influence of performance drivers with data (4) draw data-driven conclusions to create competitive advantage for businesses. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Credit is not given for BADM 577 and BADM 590 (47816), Section AN.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 582",
    "name": "Multinational Management",
    "description": "Examines critical issues facing managers who work in multinational firms. Designed to develop students' skills for working in a global business environment.  Topics include foreign market entry strategies, global management of the functional areas of business, and management and control of multinational firms in the global marketplace.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 583",
    "name": "Current Topics in Intl Bus",
    "description": "Continuation of BADM 582. Examines topics related to management and integration of multinational firms not covered in BADM 582. Possible topics include foreign investment decisionmaking, global manufacturing and supply chain management, international joint ventures and strategic alliances, cross-border mergers, global R&D, and global strategic human resource management. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 584",
    "name": "Global Marketing",
    "description": "Analyzes marketing strategy across national boundaries, the problems of marketing within foreign countries, and the coordination of global marketing programs. Includes problems faced by the exporter, licensor, joint venture, and multinational firm. The full range of market activities are discussed from a global perspective.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 586",
    "name": "Intl Comparative Management",
    "description": "Compares and contrasts different regional/national business systems and organizational practices including those from both developed and developing countries. Designed to advance students' global management knowledge and cross-cultural skills for functioning effectively in a transnational economy. Includes an optional overseas study trip to visit local companies and subsidiaries of multinational firms.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 589",
    "name": "Project Management",
    "description": "Managing projects is a vital part of everyone's job in today's companies. This course aims to help you master the project management process. Central to this course is developing your understanding and ability to manage the technical dimensions of needs analysis, work breakdown, scheduling, resource allocation, risk management, and performance tracking and evaluation such that you can accomplish them while staying within the project's allocated time frame and cost. This course is also mindful of the sociocultural dimensions of the project management process, which include attributes of sound leadership, formation and management of impactful teams, and managing customer expectations. 2 OR 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 590",
    "name": "Seminar in Business Admin",
    "description": "Special topics in the general area of business. Topics are selected by the instructor at the beginning of each term. Approved for letter and S/U grading. May be repeated if topics vary; unlimited credit hours for graduate and professional students.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 591",
    "name": "Proseminar in Business Admin",
    "description": "Lectures in topics of current interest not covered by regular course offerings. Subjects are announced in the Class Schedule. Approved for letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same term and/or separate terms as topics vary; unlimited credit hours for graduate and professional students.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 593",
    "name": "Research in Special Fields",
    "description": "Approved for both letter and S/U grading.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 594",
    "name": "Independent Study and Research",
    "description": "Directed reading and research. Approved for both letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same term and/or separate terms as topics vary; unlimited credit hours for graduate and professional students.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 595",
    "name": "Business Fundamentals",
    "description": "Designed to provide a cohesive understanding of marketing from a managerial perspective. Students will learn how to develop a coherent and comprehensive marketing strategy for a product or service. Specifically, it provides the conceptual frameworks and tools necessary to create superior customer value, capture the value through appropriate pricing mechanisms, persuasively communicate and profitably deliver that value, and sustain both the value and the performance in the face of ever-changing customer needs and competitive offerings. Students examine companies by matching their internal strengths and weaknesses with opportunities and threats posed by their environments. Students learn to spot and evaluate opportunities for new ventures and examine the totality of a business proposal.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BADM 599",
    "name": "Dissertation Research",
    "description": "Required of all students writing doctoral dissertations in business administration; guidance in writing theses and seminar discussions of interim progress reports. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated in the same term and/or separate terms as topics vary; unlimited credit hours for graduate and professional students.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BCOG 100",
    "name": "Introduction to the Brain and Cognitive Science",
    "description": "Introduction to the study of mind, brain, and behavior. The course will cover how we study the mind and brain from a cognitive science perspective. The course will include topics in sensation, perception, learning, memory, thinking, artificial intelligence, animal cognition, and the development of the mind and brain.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BCOG 200",
    "name": "Introduction to Programming for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences",
    "description": "Introduction to computer programming concepts and their application to the study of brain and cognitive sciences. The course will teach basic programming concepts in Python, and introduce applications to experiment and game design, data analysis, computational modeling, and simulations.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BCOG 301",
    "name": "Intelligence and the Brain",
    "description": "An introduction to the scientific study of human intelligence, with particular emphasis on modern research in cognitive neuroscience. For centuries, the nature of human intelligence has motivated considerable research and debate: What does it mean for humans to be intelligent? What mental abilities does intelligence refer to? How are these abilities shaped by the environment, cultivated through experience, and represented in the human brain? This course addresses these questions through the lens of modern research in psychology, psychometrics, and cognitive neuroscience. Students will investigate the nature and mechanisms of human intelligence from basic, clinical, and applied disciplines.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BCS 101",
    "name": "First Year Bosnian-Croatian-Serbian I",
    "description": "Oral and written work on pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary. For students with no previous study of Bosnian, Croatian or Serbian.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BCS 115",
    "name": "South Slavic Cultures",
    "description": "Exploration of South Slavic cultures in the historically rich and complex region sometimes referred to as \"the Balkans,\" focusing particularly on those groups found within the successor states of the former Yugoslavia. Critical look at the traditional view of the region as the crossroads or the bridge between East and West, and at the term Balkanization which has become a pejorative term used to characterize fragmented, and self-defeating social systems.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BCS 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BCS 215",
    "name": "Yugoslavia and After",
    "description": "Exploration of the effect of traumatic events, shifting cultural narratives, and social transformations on the construction of collective identities in Bosnia, Croatia and Serbia in the 20th and 21st centuries. Students will read historical and sociological works as well as fiction and poetry.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BDI 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Individual investigations or research projects selected by the students, subject to approval by the selected faculty member and the executive officer of the Department. May be repeated in the same or separate terms to a maximum of 5 hours, if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BDI 411",
    "name": "Blockchain, Tokens, and Their Application in Business",
    "description": "A Blockchain is a decentralized, distributed, public ledger that contains transactions grouped together into blocks that are chained together by using cryptography. Since the introduction of Bitcoin, blockchain technology has continued to evolve, leading to an explosion of applications in areas as diverse as accounting, finance, information systems, marketing, and supply chains. As a result, blockchains are profoundly impacting business and governments around the world. This course introduces blockchain technologies including new constructs such as digital currencies, distributed ledgers, smart contracts, tokens, and decentralized autonomous organizations, and explores their application in business and society. This course has no pre-requisites and is open to students from any college. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BDI 475",
    "name": "Introduction to Data Analytics Applications in Business",
    "description": "Introduces the role, methods, and implications of data analytics in business. Building on prior coursework on the fundamentals of analytics and related statistical analyses, this course provides students the opportunity to apply related theoretical and practical principles to a variety of business scenarios. After completing this course, students should (1) have a foundational understanding of the role of data analytics in business and (2) be able to apply this knowledge to real-world clients, business decisions, etc. This course will provide you the opportunity to develop and improve (1) written and oral communication skills in the form of interpersonal interaction, discussion, reports/presentations, etc., (2) knowledge of the use of spreadsheets, Python, and other analytics tools in performing common business analytics and decision-modeling, and (3) knowledge of data visualization software used for analytics-related exploration, hypothesis testing, and results-based organization and communication. Cases, class discussion, and other projects emphasize the importance of independent thinking, group processes, and communication for professional business practice. 3 undergraduate hours. No graduate credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BDI 477",
    "name": "Emerging Technology and Disruption: Learning to Navigate an Uncertain Future",
    "description": "With the explosive growth of new technologies, seemingly every profession is facing potential disruption. In fact, some claim that artificial intelligence alone will displace millions of jobs; while others claim that this same technology will also create even more jobs. In this course we explore how to peer through the fog of disruption in order to make informed strategic decisions. Specifically, in this course you will learn about strategic framing to understand the global landscape, we will discuss probability and risk to quantify the opportunities and challenges, and we will examine different technologies at a high-level and discuss how they may impact, positively and negatively, both society and business. This course has no pre-requisites and is open to students from any college. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOC 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Approved for both letter and S/U grading. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOC 406",
    "name": "Gene Expression & Regulation",
    "description": "Same as MCB 406. See MCB 406.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOC 555",
    "name": "Anlys Biochemical Literature",
    "description": "Same as MCB 555. See MCB 555.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOC 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOE 100",
    "name": "Bioengineering Seminar",
    "description": "Bioengineering Seminar provides a broad introduction to the field, practice, and curriculum of Bioengineering. The major goals are for students to (1) meet the department faculty, (2) understand the curriculum and the 4-year goals, (3) understand and apply technologies central to the field through individual and group projects, (4) begin independent explorations into technologies in the field, and (5) practice teamwork, technical writing, and presentation. The course is designed for first-year Bioengineering majors.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOE 120",
    "name": "Introduction to Bioengineering",
    "description": "Lectures and discussions of recent trends in bioengineering; topics typically include biological interaction with ultrasound and microwave radiation, modeling, instrumentation, biomaterials, biomechanics, biological heat and mass transfer, and medical imaging techniques.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOE 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOE 298",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in bioengineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. May be repeated to a maximum of 8 hours, if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOE 380",
    "name": "Biomedical Imaging",
    "description": "Same as ECE 380. See ECE 380.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOE 398",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in bioengineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. May be repeated to a maximum of 8 hours, if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOE 416",
    "name": "Biosensors",
    "description": "Same as ECE 416. See ECE 416.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOE 427",
    "name": "Biomedical Ultrasound Imaging",
    "description": "Same as ECE 472. See ECE 472.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOE 461",
    "name": "Cellular Biomechanics",
    "description": "Same as TAM 461. See TAM 461.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOE 467",
    "name": "Biophotonics",
    "description": "Same as ECE 467. See ECE 467.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOE 480",
    "name": "Magnetic Resonance Imaging",
    "description": "Same as ECE 480. See ECE 480.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOE 481",
    "name": "Whole-Body Musculoskel Biomech",
    "description": "Same as ME 481. See ME 481.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOE 482",
    "name": "Musculoskel Tissue Mechanics",
    "description": "Same as ME 482. See ME 482.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOE 498",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in bioengineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. 1 to 4 undergraduate hours. 1 to 4 graduate hours. May be repeated if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOE 500",
    "name": "Graduate Seminar",
    "description": "Lecture surveying a broad range of Bioengineering topics. 0 or 1 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 4 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOE 501",
    "name": "Seminar Discussion",
    "description": "Familiarization with reading and discussing academic journals in Bioengineering. Approved for S/U grading only.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOE 502",
    "name": "Bioengineering Professionalism",
    "description": "Ethical questions and conduct, procedures, and professional standards in the practice of bioengineering. Authorship and mentoring, use of animal and human subjects, conflict of interest, ethical behavior in scientific research, intellectual property, and approval processes for drugs and biomedical devices. 2 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOE 516",
    "name": "Advanced Biosensors",
    "description": "Same as ECE 514. See ECE 514.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOE 598",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in bioengineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. 1 to 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOE 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Bioengineering graduate thesis research. 0 to 16 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated in separate terms.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOP 419",
    "name": "Brain, Behavior & Info Process",
    "description": "Same as MCB 419 and NEUR 419. See MCB 419.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOP 432",
    "name": "Photosynthesis",
    "description": "Same as CPSC 489 and IB 421. See IB 421.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOP 550",
    "name": "Biomolecular Physics",
    "description": "Same as MCB 550 and PHYS 550. See PHYS 550.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOP 576",
    "name": "Computational Chemical Biology",
    "description": "Same as CHEM 576 and CSE 576. See CHEM 576.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BIOP 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Research may be conducted in any area under investigation in a faculty laboratory, subject to the approval of the faculty member concerned and the department in which the research is to be done. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BSE 600",
    "name": "Global One Health",
    "description": "Same as VCM 547. See VCM 547.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BSE 707",
    "name": "Interreligious Perspectives on Health and Medicine",
    "description": "Explores and develops an appreciation for the many ways in which religion and religious identities are present in, and absent from, medical spaces in the United States. This course is intended to support physicians-in-training develop the background, vocabulary, and experiences necessary to practice medicine thoughtfully and sensitively in a religiously diverse society. No graduate credit. 4 professional hours. Approved for S/U grading only.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BTW 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BTW 279",
    "name": "Writing Job Applications",
    "description": "Theories and practical techniques of writing successful cover letters and resumes. Emphasizes adaptable communication and research skills, including use of career resources, investigation of potential employers, selection of appropriate jobs that fit students’ skills and interests, and targeting of resumes and cover letters to particular job applications. Same as LAS 279.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BTW 402",
    "name": "Descriptive English Grammar",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 402. See ENGL 402.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BUS 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Approved for both letter and S/U grading. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "BUS 299",
    "name": "BUS Internship",
    "description": "Accommodates students who must be registered for a course at the University while completing an internship, either because the internship is unpaid and the company requires registration, or because of visa requirements. Only internships in the College of Business will be considered. Approved for S/U grading only.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CB 420",
    "name": "Stem Cell Journal Club",
    "description": "This course will consist of a weekly journal club that will meet to discuss published journal articles related to stem cells. The focus will be primarily on clinical applications of stem cells, both adult and embryonic. Journal articles will be selected on a weekly basis to facilitate review of the most recent work in the field. Faculty, staff, post-doctoral fellows, and students from labs conducting stem cell research at the Veterinary School will attend and participate in the discussion. 1 undergraduate hour. 1 graduate hour. Approved for both letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 2 undergraduate hours or 6 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CB 449",
    "name": "Basic Toxicology",
    "description": "Same as CPSC 433, ENVS 480 and FSHN 480. See FSHN 480.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CB 520",
    "name": "Models in Biomedical Research",
    "description": "Students enrolled in this course will review scientific literature pertaining to experimental models used in biomedical research, and will present selected papers to the class. faculty members who use these models in their research will attend student presentations and participates in the associated discussions. By the end of the course, student will be familiar with the uses, advantages and limits of key molecular, cellular and animal models used in a range of biomedical research fields. 2 graduate hours. 2 professional hours. May be repeated in separate terms if topics vary. Prerequisite: No prerequisites for graduate students enrolled in a Master of Science or PhD program in a biomedical field. Professional students must obtain the coordinator's authorization.",
    "prerequisites": "No prerequisites for graduate students enrolled in a Master of Science or PhD program in a biomedical field. Professional students must obtain the coordinator's authorization."
  },
  {
    "index": "CB 533",
    "name": "Repro Physiology Lab Methods",
    "description": "Same as ANSC 533 and MCB 533. See ANSC 533.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CB 552",
    "name": "Ethics in Toxicology",
    "description": "Ethical issues in the practice of toxicological research collaboration, authorship and plagiarism, professional responsibility to subjects (both human and animal), whistle-blowing, codes of ethics, legal obligations. Case Studies.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CB 590",
    "name": "Seminar",
    "description": "Required of all graduate students whose major is comparative biosciences.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CB 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Individual direction of research and thesis writing. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CDB 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Research on the thesis and preparation of the thesis. pproved for S/U grading only. May be repeated to a maximum of 16 hours. Summer: 0 to 8 hours. (Summer session may be repeated to a maximum of 8 hours.)",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CEE 190",
    "name": "Project-Based Introduction to CEE",
    "description": "Allows first year and transfer students to explore topics in Civil and Environmental Engineering through a project-based learning format. The course also develops competencies in critical skills such as technical writing in CEE, data management and computation, and design thinking in a collaborative team environment. Credit is not given for both CEE 190 and CEE 195.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CEE 198",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in civil and environmental engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated up to 6 hours in the same semester and to a maximum of 9 hours in separate semesters, if topics vary. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CEE 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CEE 398",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in civil and environmental engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. Approved for letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CEE 407",
    "name": "Airport Design",
    "description": "Basic principles of airport facilities design to include aircraft operational characteristics, noise, site selection, land use compatibility, operational area, ground access and egress, terminals, ground service areas, airport capacity, and special types of airports. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 or 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CEE 412",
    "name": "High-Speed Rail Engineering",
    "description": "Development, engineering, design and construction of high-speed rail (HSR) passenger transport systems with particular emphasis on the unique engineering elements of HSR technology. Key elements of HSR systems and subsystems including: core systems (trains, power, signal, communication and control), track system and civil infrastructure (earthwork, bridges, viaducts and tunnels). Also covered are basic design and construction of HSR stations and rolling stock maintenance facilities. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CEE 417",
    "name": "Urban Transportation Planning",
    "description": "Same as UP 430. See UP 430.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CEE 432",
    "name": "Stream Ecology",
    "description": "Description of physical, chemical, and biological characteristics in streams and rivers including an integrated treatment of the environmental factors affecting the composition and distribution of biota; emphasizes the application of ecological principles in aquatic ecosystem protection and management. Same as IB 450. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 or 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CEE 447",
    "name": "Atmospheric Chemistry",
    "description": "Same as ATMS 420. See ATMS 420.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CEE 459",
    "name": "Ecohydraulics",
    "description": "Interactions between hydraulic, ecological, and geomorphic processes in river environments at a wide range of both spatial and temporal scales. Draws upon and synthetize fundamental concepts from biology, ecology, fluid mechanics and morphodynamics, to apply them to truly interdisciplinary problems. Such an approach, coupled with hands-on experience involving planning, conducting and analyzing hands-on experiments at the Ven Te Chow Hydrosystems Laboratory and field surveys on local natural waters will provide the students with a broad perspective on the interconnections between physical and ecological systems. Students will apply their knowledge of fundamental processes to assess complex problems involving monitoring, management, conservation and restoration of ecosystems. Same as GGIS 459. 4 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CEE 495",
    "name": "Professional Practice",
    "description": "Series of lectures by outstanding authorities on the practice of civil engineering and its relations to economics, sociology, and other fields of human endeavor. 0 undergraduate hours. 0 graduate hours. Approved for S/U grading only.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CEE 498",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in civil and environmental engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. 1 to 4 undergraduate hours. 1 to 4 graduate hours. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CEE 595",
    "name": "Seminar",
    "description": "Discussion of current topics in civil and environmental engineering and related fields by staff, students, and visiting lecturers. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CEE 598",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in civil and environmental engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CEE 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHBE 101",
    "name": "Hidden World of Engineering",
    "description": "Tells the stories of everyday objects: bathtubs, pop cans and screws. These simple objects shape our lives, yet are engineering masterpieces. To unveil this hidden world the course uses a humanistic approach. Designed to appeal to all majors, it uses human stories - filled with failures and triumphs - to reveal the methods of engineers. The course enchants with tales of ancient steel making, today's pop cans, huge stone monuments, and salt. The course will change how a student looks at his or her world. Several sessions focus on women engineers and the environment.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHBE 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Approved for letter and S/U grading. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHBE 202",
    "name": "Cooperative Education Practice",
    "description": "Same as CHEM 293. See CHEM 293.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHBE 412",
    "name": "Computational Tools in Chemical Engineering",
    "description": "An introduction to computational tools in Python to solve problems in chemical engineering. Methods for solving nonlinear and differential equations, plotting/animation, optimization, and data modeling are discussed. 3 undergraduate hours. No graduate credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHBE 455",
    "name": "Polymers Synthesis and Industrial Applications",
    "description": "Explores the fundamentals of polymer production by providing a broad overview of several topics within the field. Students will gain an appreciation of the relationships between polymer composition, synthesis, and processing, all of which ultimately determine bulk polymer properties. 3 undergraduate hours. No graduate credit. Credit is not given for both CHBE 455 and MSE 457.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHBE 473",
    "name": "Biomolecular Engineering",
    "description": "Fundamental principles of biomolecular engineering and its applications in pharmaceutical, agriculture, chemical and food industries. Topics include gene discovery, rational design, directed evolution, pathway engineering, and functional genomics and proteomics. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHBE 499",
    "name": "Senior Thesis",
    "description": "Limited in general to seniors in the curriculum in chemical and biomolecular engineering. Any others must have the consent of the head of the department. Each student taking the course must register in a minimum of 5 hours either in one term or divided over two terms. A maximum registration of 10 hours in two terms is permitted. 1 to 6 undergraduate hours. No graduate credit. In order to receive credit, a thesis must be presented by each student registered in CHBE 499.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHBE 597",
    "name": "Special Problems",
    "description": "Individual work on problem-oriented projects not included in theses. This could be research, engineering design, or professional work in chemical and biomolecular engineering which has educational values. The work must be done under the supervision of a staff member with the approval of the department head. Research topics will vary semester to semester and instructor to instructor. 2 to 16 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHBE 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Candidates for the master's degree who elect research are required to write a thesis. A thesis is always required for the Doctor of Philosophy. Not all candidates for thesis work necessarily are accepted. Any student whose major is in another department must receive permission from the head of the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering to register in this course. Approved for S/U grading only.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHEM 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Approved for letter and S/U grading. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHEM 452",
    "name": "Data Science for Chemistry and Engineering",
    "description": "Same as CHBE 413. See CHBE 413.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHEM 472",
    "name": "Physical Biochemistry",
    "description": "Same as MCB 446 and BIOC 446. See BIOC 446.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHEM 480",
    "name": "Polymer Chemistry",
    "description": "Same as MSE 457. See MSE 457.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHEM 482",
    "name": "Polymer Physics",
    "description": "Same as MSE 458. See MSE 458.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHEM 488",
    "name": "Surfaces and Colloids",
    "description": "Same as MSE 480. See MSE 480.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHEM 494",
    "name": "Lab Safety Fundamentals",
    "description": "Same as MSE 492. See MSE 492.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHEM 499",
    "name": "Senior Thesis",
    "description": "Research with thesis, under the direction of a senior staff member in chemistry. Normally the student takes two terms of CHEM 499 in the senior year. 2 to 6 undergraduate hours. No graduate credit. May be repeated up to 10 hours in separate terms. CHEM 499 is recommended for all those who plan to do research and graduate study and it is a prerequisite for graduation with distinction in chemistry. In the term preceding their initial enrollment, those interested in taking the course should consult with their advisers and with the graduate adviser for the area of interest in which they plan to work. A maximum of 10 hours may be counted toward graduation and a thesis must be presented for credit to be received.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHEM 582",
    "name": "Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis",
    "description": "Same as CHBE 551. See CHBE 551.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHEM 584",
    "name": "Introduction to Materials Chem",
    "description": "Processing of ceramics, metals, polymers, and semiconductors, both traditional and advanced, and their mechanical, electrical, magnetic, optical and thermal properties.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHEM 586",
    "name": "Surface Chemistry",
    "description": "Same as CHBE 553. See CHBE 553.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHEM 588",
    "name": "Physical Methods Mat Chem",
    "description": "Includes physical techniques for characterization in materials chemistry, including thermal analysis, electron microscopy, microprobe analysis and electron spectroscopies, adsorption and surface area measurements, and X-ray powder diffraction.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHEM 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Candidates for the master's degree who elect research are required to present a thesis. A thesis is always required of students working toward the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Not all candidates for thesis work necessarily are accepted. Any student whose major is in a department other than chemistry or chemical engineering must receive permission from the head of the Department of Chemistry to register in this course. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated in separate terms. During Summer terms, this course can only be taken for 0 to 8 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHIN 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CHIN 201",
    "name": "Elementary Chinese I",
    "description": "Introduction to Mandarin Chinese, including basic skills in speaking, reading, and writing. Not open to students with a background in Chinese language.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Approved for both letter and S/U grading. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 210",
    "name": "Introduction to Digital Learning Environments",
    "description": "Surveys the field of digital environments and their capacity to support teaching and learning. Examines theories of interactivity, immersion, learning with multi-media, and digital literacies to discuss and evaluate various digital environments. Students learn to critically assess digital environments and to create original prototypes that target a specific and important learning or teaching goal. Environments that will be discussed and experimented with in class include virtual worlds, social networks, digital classrooms, interactive exhibits, video games, and tangible technologies.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 260",
    "name": "Serving Children in Schools and the Community",
    "description": "This community engagement course is designed for students interested in working with children (defined as birth through high school), careers serving children, and/or parenthood. The focus for this course is tutoring and mentoring children (elementary through high school). A minimum of two hours per week of approved community service related to children is a requirement of the course. Placements with schools will be made through the course instructor. Class content focuses on relating to children, motivating and engaging children in learning, community institutions and agencies serving children, and social issues affecting the lives of American children today.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 312",
    "name": "Data Literacy",
    "description": "Introduces data literacy as a required key twenty-first century skill. Students will learn the nature of data across different domains and the concepts and skills of data visualization by understanding, questioning, and problematizing how data are generated, analyzed, and used. Students will be able to apply its concepts and skills to visualize your own data, interpret the findings, and examine the impacts of data-driven decisions.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 355",
    "name": "Creative Dance for Children",
    "description": "Same as ARTE 355, DANC 355, HDFS 355, and MUS 355. See DANC 355.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 410",
    "name": "Middle School Instruction, Philosophy and Structures",
    "description": "This course will introduce middle school concept and philosophy; cover common instructional and assessment strategies aligned with this concept, with a specific focus on curriculum integration and the use of newer communication technologies; and will review middle school organizational structures, including teaming, advisory, alternative scheduling, exploratory classes, and parental involvement. Students will connect theory and practice by incorporating their concurrent field placement (in middle level setting) into assignments and discussions. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 424",
    "name": "Child Development & Technology",
    "description": "Theories of development will inform an analysis of current technologies marketed for pre-school children; issues related to technology and childhood will be explored. One class each week will focus on lectures and discussions about child development, the second class will focus on presentation of technology or technology genre and evaluation of their value for young children. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours. Approved for both letter and S/U grading.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 433",
    "name": "Foundations of Bilingual Education",
    "description": "Analyzes historical, political, and educational influences on bilingual/ESL education in US. Theoretical foundation of bilingual and ESL programs are examined as well as the effectiveness of program models in promoting academic achievement. Meets standards and course requirements for the Illinois State Board of Education Teaching Approval and Endorsement for Bilingual and ESL teachers. Same as LLS 433. 4 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 435",
    "name": "Technology Applications for Teachers",
    "description": "In this course, students will dive in-depth into the opportunities and challenges of integrating technology into formal K-12 classrooms. Students will get a chance to critically examine a range of learning technologies, including examples of their use and approaches for assessing their efficacy. As an outcome of this course, each student will construct a lesson plan for integrating a chosen technology in their own classroom. 4 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 436",
    "name": "Technology and Mathematics Education",
    "description": "Examines the role of technology as a learning tool in the secondary school mathematics classroom; reviews curricular materials and develops sample classroom projects using available technologies; analyzes mathematical problems using technology methods including simulations, representations, and invented algorithms. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 438",
    "name": "Computer Programming and the Classroom",
    "description": "This course will introduces educators to the theoretical, pedagogical, and practical aspects of teaching computer programming in the K-12 setting. It will explore how computer science topics and concepts can impact learning, and offer practical strategies and resources to help teachers incorporate computer programming into their practice. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 446",
    "name": "Culture in the Classroom",
    "description": "Explores cultural, political, and social factors that affect learning and teaching. Introduces students to the fields of educational anthropology and multicultural education and to the application of cultural information to curriculum development and classroom practice. The 3-hour undergraduate version and 4-hour graduate version meet the Cross-Cultural Studies for Teaching Limited-English-Proficient Students requirement for Bilingual and/or ESL Teaching Approval or Endorsement from the Illinois State Board of Education. 3 undergraduate hours. 2 or 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 449",
    "name": "Issues in Latina/o Education",
    "description": "Critiques and explores various theoretical frameworks used to explain Latina/Latino academic achievement. Examines curricular and instructional issues by investigating how different school systems have implemented schooling for Latina/Latino students. Develops critical understanding of the role of education within the Latina/Latino community. Same as LLS 449. 3 undergraduate hours. 2 or 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 471",
    "name": "Principles and Practices to Foster Independence in Reading",
    "description": "Emphasizes reading comprehension and reading to learn in content fields in grades K-8. Includes focus on teaching reading to students from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds, including dialect speakers and English learners. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 479",
    "name": "Designing Online Learning Environments",
    "description": "A comprehensive overview of the principles, theories, and practical strategies for designing and assessing online learning environments. Students will explore various instructional design models, discuss learning theories, interact with technological tools, and use sound pedagogy to create online learning communities and experiences. Students will have a thorough understanding of the interplay between human cognition, artificial intelligence, and online learning, and in turn be capable of designing engaging online learning environments for multiple contexts and disciplines. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 482",
    "name": "Social Learning and Multimedia",
    "description": "Learning in multimodal environments from a social and cultural perspective. Topics include the formation and expression of individual and group identity across multiple contexts, including social networking, online gaming, reality television programs, streamed video, and in online courses. Assignments include both analytic and project-based tasks, with an emphasis on implications for formal learning environments. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 485",
    "name": "Assessing Student Performance",
    "description": "Same as EPSY 485. See EPSY 485.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 492",
    "name": "Discrete Mathematics for CS Teachers",
    "description": "Introduces fundamental mathematical concepts used for computations. It provides an overview of logic, mathematical proofs, number theory, counting, sets, relations, recursion, graphs and trees. It is designed to teach those concepts while addressing the needs to understand the mathematical formalism behind computation when teaching high school computer programming courses. 2 undergraduate hours. 2 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 501",
    "name": "Curriculum Development for the 21st Century",
    "description": "Examines a variety of definitions of curriculum development, from past to present. Course activities use theories and research to frame discussions of substantive issues in the field: how learning is influenced by the stated goals of education; the cultural background of diverse learners; structure of the school setting; competencies of teachers; means of student assessment; and approaches to incorporating technology and 21st Century skills into classrooms. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 502",
    "name": "Introduction to Reading",
    "description": "Provides an overview of reading in the US. Topics covered include the definition of reading and its importance, theoretical models and philosophies of reading and reading instruction, the history of reading instruction, the development of reading skill, current research-based reading instruction, Federal legislation affecting reading instruction, and professional and state standards related to reading instruction.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 503",
    "name": "Reading Instruction, K-5",
    "description": "The first of two courses focusing on research-based reading instruction for students in grades K-12. This course focuses primarily on the development of literacy from birth to preschool and reading instruction for the elementary grades, K-5.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 505",
    "name": "Reading for Diverse Students",
    "description": "Reviews many of the linguistic, cultural, and social factors that affect students (K-12) reading instruction, assessment, and development. Drawing on socio-cognitive and socio-constructivist theories of literacy and culturally responsive pedagogy and social justice issues, the course involves the evaluation and design of instruction and assessments for students from diverse linguistic, cultural, and class backgrounds.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 507",
    "name": "Problems & Trends in Special Fields",
    "description": "Intensive examination of problems and trends in the subject fields. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 8 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 508",
    "name": "Urban Schools and Schooling",
    "description": "This course is for anyone interested in issues of education in urban settings. It provides an overview of sociopolitical perspectives on teaching and learning for Latina/o, African American, American Indian, English learners, and other marginalized youth. The course explores how issues of identity and power are negotiated by students, communities, and teachers. Participants in the course will develop an understanding on how racism, classism, and the politics of language operate within urban schools. An emphasis of the course is on solutions that address social justice.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 509",
    "name": "Curriculum Research",
    "description": "Reviews the principal methodologies used in research on curriculum problems and guides students through the process of working with data in response to research questions; emphasizes qualitative data collection tools and techniques (e.g., surveys, interviews, observations) as well as various theoretical and methodological approaches (e.g., case study, grounded theory, ethnography); emphasizes conceptual and practical problems. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 512",
    "name": "Multicultural Education and Global Perspectives",
    "description": "Examines important topics in the area of multicultural education in the United States and around the world. Engages students in the critical exploration of theories and literature that interrogate traditional views of multicultural education. Analyzes issues of race, class, gender, religion, nationality, xenophobia, homophobia, and ability in the contexts of classrooms and other educational settings. Course work focuses on an emancipatory curriculum and pedagogy for transformation and social justice education. Same as AFST 555.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 516",
    "name": "Culture and Cultural Context in Educational Evaluation",
    "description": "This course provides students with an introduction to the role of culture and cultural context in program evaluation. Students will gain a basic historical perspective, introduction to selected major evaluation approaches (including culturally responsive/competent evaluation) and basic orientation to methods for designing program evaluations. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 519",
    "name": "Methods of Child Study",
    "description": "Focuses on the design of research with children, and issues that are specific to working with children, schools and teachers in research contexts. With an emphasis on qualitative methods, this course takes through the steps needed to design a study. Topics in newer methods such as Research Practitioner Partnerships and Design Based Implementation Research will be covered. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 520",
    "name": "History of Early Childhood Pedagogy and Programs",
    "description": "This course is an overview of historical influences of contemporary early childhood pedagogy and programs. Topics may include, but are not limited to, Enlightenment Era educational reforms, German kindergartens, the Progressive Era, and the War on Poverty. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 521",
    "name": "Current Problems and Trends in Early Childhood Education",
    "description": "Includes principles underlying education practices in day care centers, preschool/nursery and kindergarten settings derived from theory and research in developmental psychology, social psychology, anthropology, and other related disciplines.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 530",
    "name": "Trends and Issues in Mathematics Education",
    "description": "Addresses theories of learning, research studies, curriculum development projects, and other factors that have influenced elementary mathematics programs; also considers problems and issues in contemporary programs. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 532",
    "name": "Professional Development in Mathematics Education",
    "description": "Considers research perspectives, policies and practices associated with the professional development of mathematics teachers. Specifically, students will examine what policymakers recommend for effective professional development, what research findings seem to suggest, how schools do professional development for successful mathematics teaching, and the implications of policy and real world practices for equality of opportunity for mathematics learning.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 533",
    "name": "Problem Solving in Mathematics Education",
    "description": "Focuses on the role of problem solving in the learning and teaching of mathematics. Examines mathematical problem solving processes, as well as issues surrounding the use of problem solving in K-12 mathematics classrooms, including recent reform trends, equity issues, and distinctions among teaching \"about\", \"for\", and \"through\" problem solving.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 536",
    "name": "Curriculum and Instruction Proseminar",
    "description": "Provides an introduction to doctoral studies, research, and careers in education. Focus is on development of an identity as a researcher. Topics include a basic orientation to research in education, doctoral program navigation toward a research identity in a chosen field and career path, writing in academic genres, and education research funding. The course is designed for all CI doctoral students. Topics, readings, and assignments may vary. The course is designed for students at the beginning of their doctoral program. However, advanced students may take the course as they progress in their program. 2 or 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated to a maximum of 8 hours in separate semesters.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 539",
    "name": "Introduction to Educational Data Mining",
    "description": "Throughout the semester, students will learn how data mining and machine learning approaches can be applied to educational data. Students will learn about the different types of data mining and machine learning techniques, reading about examples of how those techniques have applied to educational data and learning how to use tools to apply those techniques. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 541",
    "name": "Learning in Science",
    "description": "Focuses on influential theories of student learning and their implications for science education. Examines the theoretical underpinnings of these learning theories as well as their implications for student learning, instruction, and assessment.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 544",
    "name": "Education Reforms & Inquiry",
    "description": "This course examines the history of educational reform efforts since the 1950s from the lens of inquiry, teaching and learning. The course examines developments in our understandings of inquiry as a pedagogical approach and set of instructional outcomes in middle and high school STEM education, as well as implications for instruction in classrooms. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 545",
    "name": "Virtual Worlds in Education",
    "description": "Same as EPSY 554. See EPSY 554.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 546",
    "name": "MST Proseminar II",
    "description": "The course examines the process of double-blind review and the metrics associated with refereed research journals and researcher productivity in mathematics, science, and technology education. Students will be provided with practical experiences as journal 'referees' through reviewing manuscripts submitted for publication, and will develop thorough understandings of the entire process of publishing in refereed journals in the field of science, mathematics, and technology education. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 4 hours if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 547",
    "name": "Sociopolitical Perspectives on Mathematics and Science Education",
    "description": "This course is for anyone interested in equity-related issues in mathematics and science education. It provides an overview of sociopolitical perspectives on mathematics and science education, including how issues of identity, power, and equity play out in teachings, learning, and research. Students will develop an understanding of how racism, classism, and the politics of language operate within mathematics and science classroom and in the practice of mathematics and science in society at large. An emphasis of the course is on solutions that address social justice.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 548",
    "name": "Capstone Project",
    "description": "Part I of the course focuses on the design on an action research project (capstone project), which integrates pedagogical and science content ideas addressed in the program courses. The project amounts to an empirical investigation of a student-generated research question around issues focused on science teaching and learning. Students are expected to collect date for their project, preferably in their own classrooms, in the period between Parts I and II of the course. Part II focuses on the analysis, interpretation, and discussion of the data collected, and the implications of the findings for classroom practice. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 4 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 550",
    "name": "Methods of Educational Inquiry",
    "description": "Offers a graduate-level introduction to research in education, including quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods designs and approaches. Key concepts include: identifying a research problem, reviewing the literature, design and analysis, communicating evidence, and the ethics of research. Students should gain the ability to effectively evaluate and critique design/methods sections of research publications; plan and design research studies; and organize a presentation of research to an audience of peers. Same as EPSY 550, ERAM 550, and SPED 550. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 552",
    "name": "Qualitative Writing",
    "description": "Focuses on analysis of data and writing of qualitative/ethnographic research in educational contexts. Topics include the history of qualitative research practices; approaches to the analysis and interpretation of multiple forms of data, including coding, discourse analysis, text analysis, and structural/post-structural analysis; different styles of qualitative writing; social theory as a framing device; and writing for publication. Provides a theoretically informed but very practical, hands-on approach to qualitative writing for graduate researchers across the broad range of educational and social science contexts. One part of the course focuses on methods of analysis through application, while a second part is designed as a writer's workshop in which students \"write up\" the data from a study in three narrative styles. Assignments include weekly readings, three short writing assignments, and a more substantial writing project. Advanced graduate standing is useful but not required.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 555",
    "name": "Advanced Educational Technologies for Engagement and Interactive Learning",
    "description": "Same as EPSY 555 and INFO 555. See EPSY 555.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 556",
    "name": "Learning and the Body",
    "description": "This course explores how body movement and physical engagement with the environment is connected to how people learn. We will explore embodied cognition and related ideas from philosophy, cognitive science, the learning sciences, the arts, etc., and apply them to educational contexts. The course will examine the ways that body activity has been employed in curricula and other learning interventions, and we will discuss new technologies that can respond to gestures and other embodied actions. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 557",
    "name": "Using Theory in Teacher Education Research",
    "description": "Students in this course will read a variety of theoretical viewpoints in order to frame and critically examine teacher education research. Students will be encouraged to use multiple theories to frame research questions and findings as a way to situate themselves as researchers and consider ways in which multiple theoretical perspectives can be used to examine and interpret different aspects of their research in teacher education.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 558",
    "name": "Programs in Teacher Education",
    "description": "The focus of this course will be a study of programs in teacher education considered in light of historical, social, and policy influences and also related to wider issues in contemporary teacher education efforts and research. We will consider the current context of teacher preparation programs in the U.S., examine the historical factors that have brought U.S. teacher education to this point, assess the influence of public policy on teacher education in the U.S. and globally, and study a variety of exemplary models of teacher education in the U.S. and globally. Students will conduct a study of a particular program and present this in a poster session at the end of the semester.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 560",
    "name": "Trends & Issues in Language Arts",
    "description": "Advanced seminar in literacy for teachers, researchers, and specialists. Focuses on trends and issues in elementary and secondary language arts. Current theories, relevant research and practical applications are considered in relation to reading, writing, listening, and speaking. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 563",
    "name": "Writing Studies",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 505. See ENGL 505.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 565",
    "name": "Topics Research and Writing",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 582. See ENGL 582.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 566",
    "name": "Topics Writ Pedagogy & Design",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 583. See ENGL 583.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 569",
    "name": "Topics Discourse and Writing",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 584. See ENGL 584.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 578",
    "name": "Biliteracy Development of Young Children",
    "description": "Helps students understand the language and literacy development of young bilinguals. Students will develop an understanding of the issues in biliteracy research, explore the diversity of research topics and perspectives in biliteracy research, and learn to think and write critically about research on early biliteracy development.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 584",
    "name": "Theories in Second Language Acquisition",
    "description": "Same as EALC 584, EPSY 563, FR 584, GER 584, ITAL 584, LING 584, PORT 584, and SPAN 584. See SPAN 584.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 586",
    "name": "Topics in Digital Studies",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 586. See ENGL 586.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CI 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Individual direction of research and thesis writing. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CIC 390",
    "name": "CIC Intercampus Reg",
    "description": null,
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CIC 500",
    "name": "CIC Traveling Scholar",
    "description": "For students participating in the Traveling Scholar Program. 0 to 20 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 100",
    "name": "Vocabulary Building from Greek and Latin Roots",
    "description": "Study of the Greek and Latin roots of English and vocabulary building. Analysis of Greek and Latin roots, prefixes, and suffixes in variety of disciplines and fields (humanities, social sciences, mathematics, science, politics).",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 102",
    "name": "Medical Terms-GRK & LAT Roots",
    "description": "Introduction to the study of Greek and Latin medical terms in various medical fields and to the linguistic patterns governing the combination of various roots through practical application of usage.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 111",
    "name": "Mythology of Greece and Rome",
    "description": "Study of the major myths of Greece and Rome and their impact upon later art, music, and literature. Credit is not given for both CLCV 111 and CLCV 115.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 114",
    "name": "Introduction to Ancient Greek Culture",
    "description": "Introductory study of ancient Greek literature, art, and culture.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 115",
    "name": "Mythology of Greece and Rome",
    "description": "Studies the major myths of Greece and Rome and their impact upon later art, music, and literature. Shares two hours of lecture with CLCV 111; additional hour of lecture-discussion for a closer analysis of topics. Credit is not given for both CLCV 115 and CLCV 111.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 116",
    "name": "Introduction to Ancient Roman Culture",
    "description": "Introductory study of ancient Roman literature, art, and culture.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 120",
    "name": "The Classical Tradition",
    "description": "Survey of the Greco-Roman tradition from late antiquity to the present. Examination of Greco-Roman culture in medieval Christianity and Islam, the literary tradition of the Troy tale, the rediscovery of Greek texts and the Florentine Renaissance, classical allusions in early modern literature, the foundations of modern political movements, and the persistence of the classical tradition in contemporary popular culture.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 131",
    "name": "Classical Archaeology, Greece",
    "description": "Introduction to the archaeology of ancient Greece and the Aegean world.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 132",
    "name": "Class Archaeology, Rome-Italy",
    "description": "Introduction to the archaeology of Italy and Rome to the fall of the Roman Empire.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 133",
    "name": "Archaeology of Israel",
    "description": "Exploration of the archaeology and history of the Near East with a specific focus on the development of Israel. Cultures of the Near East adapted to a rapidly changing world by pioneering the world's earliest innovations in agriculture, urbanism, bronze technology, and writing. We will investigate the Near Eastern background of the Israelites and their neighbors from the beginnings of agriculture during the \"Neolithic Revolution\", to the formation of the world's first cities in the Bronze Age, to the archaeological remnants of the Hebrew Bible. We will investigate the ramifications of wave after wave of military conflict and how this has shaped the Middle East, including the Babylonian Exile, the conquests of Alexander the Great, and the Jewish Revolts against the Romans.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 160",
    "name": "Ancient Greek & Roman Religion",
    "description": "Study of Greek and Roman Paganism and the rise of Christianity within that context. Readings are confined to ancient sources in English translation. Same as REL 160.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Approved for both letter and S/U grading. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 203",
    "name": "Ancient Philosophy",
    "description": "Same as PHIL 203. See PHIL 203.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 217",
    "name": "Greek Art",
    "description": "Same as ARTH 215. See ARTH 215.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 220",
    "name": "Exploring the Greek and Roman World",
    "description": "Focused study of topics in ancient Greek and Roman literature, art, archaeology, and culture in their Mediterranean context. May also explore reflections in later literature and art. Same as CWL 220. May be repeated in separate terms, if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 224",
    "name": "Greco-Roman Antiquity and US Minority Cultures",
    "description": "Engagements with ancient Greece and Rome by Native American, African American, Latino, Asian American, or other racially or ethnically minoritized writers, artists, or filmmakers. Topics may include the varying roles of Greco-Roman antiquity in U.S. discourses of race and ethnicity, indigeneity, migration, colonialism, and slavery.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 225",
    "name": "Greco-Roman Demo, Econ, Cult",
    "description": "Greco-Roman Democracies, Economic Policies, and Cultures: Examines the ancient city-states of Athens and Rome; the creation, development and demise of their democratic governments, the relationship between their democracies and militarized empires as well as their economics and fiscal policies; and how these influenced or were represented by their cultural products - including literature, architecture, sculpture, and coinage. Examines the influence of Greco-Roman culture and political institutions on late-medieval and neo-Roman Renaissance city-states, as well as on the foundation of the United States.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 230",
    "name": "Ancient Engineering",
    "description": "Technologies are the result of compounded science – years, decades, and centuries of experimentation, entrepreneurship, and incremental successes. For example, prehistoric smiths first recognized that ores could be reduced to copper metal, and thousands of years later, innovators realized that this same metal could conduct electricity. Both inventions revolutionized society in their time, and continue to impact us every day. In this course, we will not only study ancient technologies and paleoscience, but will employ state-of-the-art materials science laboratory techniques to study artifacts recovered from archaeological excavations. By engaging directly with the materials of the past, we will generate knowledge rooted in historical sciences, while gaining an appreciation of the social processes underlying the very design principles that are still used by engineers today.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 240",
    "name": "Gender & Sexuality in Greco-Roman Antiquity",
    "description": "Study of gender and sexuality in Greco-Roman antiquity. Readings from ancient texts in English translation across a wide range of genres, including epic and lyric poetry, tragedy and comedy, love elegy, epigram, prose fiction, oratory, historiography, biological and medical writing, philosophy; art and material culture; select readings from scholarship. Same as CWL 262 and GWS 240.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 250",
    "name": "Sports and Society in Greece and Rome",
    "description": "Introduces the role of sports in ancient Greek and Roman society. We will cover the period from roughly 3000 B.C.E. to the sixth century C.E., from the Bronze Age to the rise of Christianity and the decline of Greek and Roman sanctuaries. Because sports touched the lives of almost everyone in ancient Greece and Rome, we will also have a chance to study the full and vibrant diversity of ancient Mediterranean societies in terms of gender, race, class, and numerous other factors that have historically received less attention than they deserve in scholarship and in the classroom.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 410",
    "name": "Ancient Egyptian & Greek Arch",
    "description": "Same as ARCH 410. See ARCH 410.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 411",
    "name": "Ancient Roman Architecture",
    "description": "Same as ARCH 411. See ARCH 411.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 430",
    "name": "History of Translation",
    "description": "Same as CWL 430, ENGL 486, GER 405, SLAV 430, SPAN 436, and TRST 431. See SLAV 430.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 440",
    "name": "Roman Republic to 44 B C",
    "description": "Same as HIST 440. See HIST 440.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLCV 515",
    "name": "Seminar in Ancient Art",
    "description": "Same as ARTH 515. See ARTH 515.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLE 736",
    "name": "Urogynecology",
    "description": "This elective is for students interested in pursuing the field of obstetrics and gynecology who seek deeper knowledge and responsibility in the field of urogynecology. This will provide students a more complete experience in the clinical practice of urogynecology, surgery, urodynamics and clinical assessment of pelvic floor disorders. No graduate credit. 2 professional hours. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CLE 765",
    "name": "Orthopedic Sports Medicine",
    "description": "The student participating in this elective will gain initial exposure to Orthopedic Sports Medicine both in the clinic setting and in the operating room. The student will work one-on-one with the faculty in the operating room and clinic in the care of orthopedic sports medicine patients. This elective can be tailored to the individual student’s needs, interest, and educational level. No graduate credit. 2 professional hours. Approved for S/U grading only.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 101",
    "name": "Public Speaking",
    "description": "Preparation and presentation of short informative and persuasive speeches; emphasis on the selection and organization of material, methods of securing interest and attention, and the elements of delivery. Credit is not given for both CMN 101 and either CMN 111 or CMN 112. Day1Access course materials information is available at https://go.illinois.edu/Day1Access.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 102",
    "name": "Introduction to Communication",
    "description": "Provides students with an overview of the major areas of study across the diverse field of Communication. Attention is given to the study of argumentation, persuasion, mediated communication effects, rhetoric, face-to-face communication with family, friends, and romantic partners, social support, nonverbal and verbal communication, group communication, health communication, organizational communication, race and communication, sports and communication, and common research methods in the field.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 111",
    "name": "Oral & Written Comm I",
    "description": "Principles and practice in communication; stress on fundamentals of critical thinking in writing and speaking. The campus Composition I general education requirement is fulfilled by this course in conjunction with CMN 112. Credit is not given for both CMN 111 + CMN 112, and other courses that fulfill the Composition I requirement (such as RHET 101+RHET 102, RHET 105, ESL 115); Credit is also not given for both CMN 111+ CMN 112, and CMN 101. CMN 111+ CMN 112 cannot be taken by students who have completed the campus Composition I general education requirement.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated to a maximum of 6 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 210",
    "name": "Public Comm in Everyday Life",
    "description": "Introduces concepts useful for the critical analysis of public communication in everyday life. Drawing on communication theory and practice, especially theories of rhetoric, the course investigates techniques of persuasion, offers tools for critical analysis of public discourse, and considers the political and ethical implications of various forms of public communication.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 212",
    "name": "Intro to Organizational Comm",
    "description": "Considers major theories, research questions, and approaches to organizational communication.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 213",
    "name": "Small Group Communication",
    "description": "Considers major theories, processes, and practical measures contributing to effective communication in small group and team contexts.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 214",
    "name": "Organizational Communication & Diversity",
    "description": "A focus on the knowledge, skills, and abilities needed for students to understand and address various components of diversity in organizations. This class is designed to give students an environment to discuss diverse perspectives related to organizations. Thus, this course will explore such areas as power, gender, race, social class, sexuality, ability and age. The relationship between these areas to organizational communication concepts such as, assimilation & socialization, power, culture, employee conflict and relationships will be explored. Students do not need to have any prior knowledge of organizational communication in order to benefit from this course. Students will draw from their personal and familial organizational socialization experiences to learn about the role of culture in organizations.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 230",
    "name": "Intro to Interpersonal Comm",
    "description": "Refine your communication skills in one-on-one conversations. Learn active listening, small talk, how to give good advice and emotional support, and conflict resolution. Students complete a semester-long skills project in which they reflect on and improve their own communication skills related to impression management, communication with family and friends, listening, small talk, and more. Course concepts apply to academic, professional, and personal interactions.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 231",
    "name": "Communication and Conflict",
    "description": "Examines how people experience and manage conflict in both private and public settings. Units focus on conflict in interpersonal, small group, and organizational contexts.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 232",
    "name": "Intro to Intercultural Comm",
    "description": "Introduction to the study of intercultural communication in a variety of contexts, including domestic and international; examines theory and research to explain what happens when people from different cultural and linguistic backgrounds interact. Requires students to think critically about the ways in which \"taken-for-granted\" ways of thinking, acting, and interacting are culturally specific.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 250",
    "name": "Social Movement Communication",
    "description": "Examines the communication strategies of social movements, concentrating on the types of messages that social movements create (including rhetorical messaging, social protest, grassroots organizing, fundraising, and media outreach). Focuses on the communication of major 19th, 20th, and 21st century social protest movements, including movements for civil rights, environmentalism, women's rights, and others. Emphasizes the functions of communication for identity formation, promulgation, and social change. Provides knowledge and tools for the analysis and production of messages.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 260",
    "name": "Intro to Health Communication",
    "description": "Introduces theory and research on communication in health and illness contexts. Explores how messages from media, interpersonal, and organizational sources affect health beliefs and behaviors.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 277",
    "name": "Introduction to Mediated Communication",
    "description": "Survey of the history, structure, forms, and social effects of the American mass media, with significant focus on study of how media shape perceptions of people of color and other stigmatized groups.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 280",
    "name": "Comm Technology & Society",
    "description": "Introduction to theory and research on both old and new communication technologies; focus will be on how these technological systems develop and are used, and what implications of these systems have for culture and society.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 304",
    "name": "Communication Internship",
    "description": "Directed internship experience for Communication majors. Students must have consent of the Internship Coordinator. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 6 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 310",
    "name": "The Rhetorical Tradition",
    "description": "Survey of major trends in the development of rhetorical theory from Homer to the present.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 312",
    "name": "Communicating for Innovation",
    "description": "This course challenges the notion that good ideas are produced by \"lone geniuses.\" Surveying theories from organizational communication, we will explore the important role communication plays in fostering innovation and creativity in the workplace. Some topics discussed include: socialization, group decision-making, information sharing, positive workplace environments, the role of communication technologies, and social networks. Students will analyze real-world cases and participate in class activities designed to demonstrate innovation processes in action.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 314",
    "name": "Organizational Communication and Community Impact",
    "description": "Presents the role of organizational communication in response to various community issues from local to global. The course concentrates on the impacts of organizations in response to socio-political, economic, and cultural issues (such as civil unrest and disasters) and explores how organizations can leverage their internal and external communication processes (networks, advocacy) to promote positive community change, offering theoretical and practical knowledge for developing organizational communication strategies for maximum community impact.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 319",
    "name": "Risk Communication",
    "description": "Designed for students who are interested in learning about risk communication in areas such as health, science, and technology. The course will draw on theory and research from a variety of perspectives and cover topics including risk assessment, risk perception, message design, media options, and barriers to effective communication.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 321",
    "name": "Strategies of Persuasion",
    "description": "Studies of powerful instances of public persuasion; students examine key means of public influence.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 324",
    "name": "Rhetorical Performance Styles",
    "description": "Examines the role of performance in rhetoric from the earliest ages of great oratory to the present day. Students will learn the terminology and mechanics of physical and vocal delivery, explore various time periods considered to have rich traditions of rhetorical performance, and analyze the techniques and rhetorical styles of different periods in the history of rhetoric. Students will create their own performances using the rhetorical techniques of practices ranging from ancient Greek oratory to TED Talks. Credit is not given for CMN 324 if credit for CMN 396 has been given.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 325",
    "name": "Politics and the Media",
    "description": "Same as MACS 322 and PS 312. See PS 312.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 326",
    "name": "Mass Media and the Audience",
    "description": "Presents information on how to conceptualize audiences, mass media use, and reception of media messages. Also examines the character of the audience experience, uses and gratifications of mass media, social cognition, and studies of audiences as interpretive communities.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 327",
    "name": "Communication and Public Opinion",
    "description": "Study of what public opinion is, how it is measured, how it is communicated, and how it affects politics and society. Examination of public opinion polling, the use of public opinion by politicians, political campaigns, and the news media, and the way that individuals do or do not contribute to public opinion in their everyday lives.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 328",
    "name": "Social Media and Politics",
    "description": "The growth and popularity of social media has greatly impacted democracy—serving as both a tool and a weapon. This course looks at how social media and politics intersect and their implications for society and democracy across three domains: the public, politicians and political campaigns, and the news media. Students will be able to explain how social media operates as a public sphere and its role in shaping political discourse.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 334",
    "name": "Nonverbal Communication",
    "description": "Examines the communicative implications of nonverbal behaviors, such as facial expressions, gestures, and postures. Uses empirical research as a resource for understanding nonverbal communication in everyday interactions, with an emphasis on how nonverbal behaviors fit into larger communicative processes such as managing identities, relationships, and health. Credit is not given towards graduation for CMN 334 if credit for CMN 396: Nonverbal Communication has been earned.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 336",
    "name": "Communicating in Families",
    "description": "Explores communication behaviors that are relevant in families. Topics include family diversity, family development, and family stress. Students will learn how to apply family communication theory and research to address challenges that modern families face. Students considering careers in fields like human relations (HR), public relations, education, law, counseling, and social work will be able to apply the information in this course to their potential job aspirations.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 338",
    "name": "Relationships and Technologies",
    "description": "Examines the uses, functions, and effects of communication technologies in personal relationships (e.g., friendships, dating relationships, families). Emphasis on contemporary and emerging modes of communication with some consideration of historical and enduring modes of interaction.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 340",
    "name": "Visual Politics",
    "description": "Explores the role of visual images in U.S. culture, paying special attention to the ways that images function persuasively as political communication. Provides tools for analyzing historical and contemporary images and artifacts, such as photographs, prints, paintings, advertisements, and memorials. Emphasis on how visual images are used for remembering and memorializing; confronting and resisting; consuming and commodifying; governing and authorizing; and visualizing and informing.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 345",
    "name": "Visual Media Effects",
    "description": "Provides an introduction to visual media effects in communication, and is intended for students with little or no experience with visual aspects of communication. Focuses on social scientific approaches to understanding visual media effects and theories of visual communication.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 357",
    "name": "Intro to Conversation Analysis",
    "description": "Same as LING 357. See LING 357.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 361",
    "name": "Storytelling as Oral Communication",
    "description": "Explores the role of traditional oral narrative in contemporary social life. Examines some major genres: folktales, family stories, personal growth narratives, professional autobiographical presentations, TED talks. Each of these genres will be examined in terms of content, context in a larger community of discourse, and performance demands. In addition, students will create and perform their own stories representing these genres.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 368",
    "name": "Sexual Communication",
    "description": "Describes sex as a fundamental activity in the development and maintenance of human relationships. Communication about sex happens in a variety of interpersonal, group, organizational, and mediated contexts. Explores the many ways in which sexual communication intersects our personal, relational, cultural, and institutional norms and values. Topics will include social norms about sexual communication, sexual harassment, family communication about sex, sexual health education, doctor-patient communication about sex, and sex in the media and in advertising. Theory and research on communication processes will be used to elaborate how talk about sex can achieve multiple goals.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 375",
    "name": "Popular Media and Culture",
    "description": "Using the critical lens of theories on race, class, gender, and sexuality, this class will investigate the complicated relations among popular media and culture, including how our everyday life and attitudes are thought to be shaped by the media, and how cultural systems can be said to inform the media. By exploring a wide range of media (e.g., film, television, music, the internet, and computer games), students will investigate the national, political, and personal dimensions of popular media and the varied ways in which media construct, reflect and intersect with specific cultural systems, identities, and classifications. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 6 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 396",
    "name": "Special Topics in Comm",
    "description": "Special topics in communication not treated in regularly scheduled courses. See Class Schedule for current topics. May be repeated as topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 410",
    "name": "Workplace Comm Technology",
    "description": "Focuses on how communication technologies are designed, implemented, adopted, and used within and across organizations. Reviews a broad array of theories used to conceptualize technology in the workplace. Emphasis on how theory may be used to understand applications such as knowledge management, telecommuting, distributed work, and virtual organizations. Further focus on analyzing real-world cases to develop skills necessary for working in contemporary organizations. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 413",
    "name": "Adv Small Group Communication",
    "description": "Advanced study of theory, research, techniques, and training methods in interviewing and group discussion; emphasis on empirical research findings concerning communication processes in face-to-face groups. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 417",
    "name": "Contemporary Rhetorics",
    "description": "Major contributors to rhetorical theory from I.A. Richards to the present. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 421",
    "name": "Persuasion Theory & Research",
    "description": "Survey of major theories of persuasion, research on factors influencing persuasive effectiveness, and application to problems of persuasive discourse. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 423",
    "name": "Rhetorical Criticism",
    "description": "Methods of interpreting and judging persuasive discourse with emphasis on political speaking and writing; extensive practice in criticism of rhetorical texts. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 424",
    "name": "Campaigning to Win",
    "description": "Using a case study approach to illustrate how campaigns attempt to persuade and mobilize voters, students learn how to plan and manage effective political campaigns. Same as PS 411. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 425",
    "name": "Entertainment and Politics",
    "description": "How and why are people sometimes entertained by news and politics? This course explores the political implications of entertainment media, from satire programming, fiction, music, and video games to politics itself as entertainment. Drawing insight from political communication, media psychology, and media studies, students will apply theories of entertainment and politics to understand how media shapes attitudes and behaviors. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 429",
    "name": "Race and the Mass Media",
    "description": "Presents an overview of racial stereotypes in the mass media and the effects of stereotypical imagery on viewers. Discussion of the structural and social origins of stereotypic media from multiple perspectives focusing on published scholarship that systematically assesses the content and effects of racial representations from a social scientific perspective. Intersections between race, ethnicity, class, and gender also will be explored. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 432",
    "name": "Gender Communication",
    "description": "Study of interactive relationships between gender and communication in contemporary American society. Examines how gender identity and expression are influenced by race, ethnicity, culture, age, ability, class, faith and other social characteristics. Explores how communication in social contexts creates and perpetuates gender roles. Same as GWS 432. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 433",
    "name": "Communication and Culture",
    "description": "Studies theories and methods for identifying culture and identities in everyday talk. Addresses cultural variability in ways of speaking that depend on and produce context; negotiating interactions; and displaying, evaluating, and inferring identities (e.g., gender, ethnic, national, class, generational, peer group, regional, political). Same as ANTH 433. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 437",
    "name": "Comm in Personal Relationships",
    "description": "Examines theories of communication within personal relationships, including family, friendship, and romantic associations. Specific topics include relationship development, conflict, power, self-disclosure, and relational uncertainty. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 450",
    "name": "Topics in Public Communication",
    "description": "Explores topics in public communication not treated in regularly scheduled courses, with special attention to the ways that public communication unfolds in concrete rhetorical situations and moments in time; see Class Schedule for current topics. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours. May be repeated as topics vary to a maximum of 12 undergraduate hours or 16 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 462",
    "name": "Health Communication in Relationships",
    "description": "Explores health communication between people in close relationships and patient-provider relationships over the course of an illness. Topics include identity, sharing health information, stigma, social support, caregiving, and patient-centered communication. Useful for students seeking to improve their own health communication, going into a medical field, wanting research experience, and seeking deeper understanding of communication theories and their applications. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 463",
    "name": "Organizational Health Comm",
    "description": "Focuses on organizational issues shaping communication between providers, patients, and consumers of health care and information, including background on financing personal medical services; organizations, professions, and their interrelationships involved in providing medical services; theorizing communication and organization in personal medical services; and communication between organizations and the public on health issues. Topics include managed care, professional communication, the hospital as a unique communication site, ethics in health communication, direct-to-consumer drug advertising, and health crisis communication. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 464",
    "name": "Health Communication Campaigns",
    "description": "Focuses on the theoretical principles behind designing, implementing, and evaluating a health communication campaign. Students will be exposed to campaigns pertaining to alcohol abuse, illicit drug use, organ donation, safe sex, tobacco use, among others. The first part of the course reviews theories used in health communication campaigns, derived from the disciplines of communication, social psychology, and public health. The second part of the course focuses on designing campaigns and creating messages as well as evaluating the effects of those campaigns and messages. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 465",
    "name": "Social Marketing",
    "description": "Social marketing offers a revolutionary approach to solving a wide range of societal problems. Social marketing applies traditional marketing principles and techniques to the challenges and rewards of influencing positive public behavior. This course is designed to give students a thorough orientation to key marketing concepts and their application to a range of communication issues with an emphasis on promoting community engagement, environmental conservation, financial literacy, health promotion, and injury prevention. Throughout the semester, attention is given to several behavior change models employed to guide current social marketing campaigns as well as a focus on the ten steps for developing, implementing, and evaluating a campaign. Students will acquire practical skills in designing a campaign as well as an appreciation for the role of behavior change models in social marketing. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 496",
    "name": "Adv Topics in Communication",
    "description": "Advanced topics in communication not treated in regularly scheduled courses; see Class Schedule for current topics. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours. May be repeated as topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 501",
    "name": "Intro to Health Communication",
    "description": "Introduction to theory and research on communication in health and illness contexts, focusing on how messages from interpersonal, organizational, cultural and media sources affect health beliefs and behaviors. Some topics to be explored include: the theoretical foundations underlying differences in the ways individuals communicate about health, health campaign strategies and organizational influences on health and strategies for generating successful or beneficial health-related communication (as well as recognize problematic communicative trends).",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 538",
    "name": "Seminar Rhetorical Theory",
    "description": "Study of special topics in the history of rhetorical theory. May be repeated to a maximum of 16 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 574",
    "name": "Communication Research Methods",
    "description": "Introduction to content analysis, survey, and experimental research designs and quantitative and qualitative analysis in communication research.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 575",
    "name": "Capstone Individual Study",
    "description": "Provides capstone experience for students in the MS in Health Communication degree program.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CMN 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 103",
    "name": "Sustainable Agriculture",
    "description": "Introductory course in sustainable and organic agriculture. Examine how farming evolved from the subsistence farming of indigenous cultures to today's industrial farming of the US. Learn skills to assess the risk and benefits of different agricultural systems including organic farming. Evaluate various cropping systems used in different farming systems. Explore potential future agriculture practices for a growing world population.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 112",
    "name": "Introduction to Crop Sciences",
    "description": "Introductory course covering the principles and practices of crop production and sustainable agroecosystem management. Topics include plant growth and development, environmental factors influencing plant productivity, soil management, fertility, and nutrient cycling, pest control principles, and sustainability challenges facing modern crop production. Concepts are discussed in lecture and reinforced in hands-on laboratory sections. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 113",
    "name": "Environment, Agriculture, and Society",
    "description": "Introduction to agriculture and the environment; examine the largest managed ecosystem and its influence on natural ecosystems; develop a working understanding of natural and agriculture ecosystems and their interaction; examine various agriculture management strategies that can be used to produce food for an increasing world population while maintaining or improving environmental quality.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 116",
    "name": "The Global Food Production Web",
    "description": "Introduces students to the global web involved in the production of food we consume on a daily basis. Selected ecosystems of plants, people, and cultures in Asia, Africa, and Latin America will be studied based on involvement with various crops. Presents the origin and biology of plants; their evolution with humankind in various cultures; the spread and economic importance of crops around the world; and considers current hunger and environmental issues resulting from the global food web. Interactive communications with selected scientists, producers, and traders around the world through the World Wide Web and email system of the INTERNET permit students to get personal exposure to information and activities.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 117",
    "name": "Agriculture and Science of Coffee",
    "description": "The growth and production of coffee and its impact on society and culture. The botanical aspects of coffee, coffee varieties/cultivars, and technologies for coffee growth, harvesting, post-harvest processing, and roasting will be discussed. The wide variety of coffee beverages, coffee flavor evaluation, coffee chemistry, coffee economics, and the physiological effects of coffee will also be examined.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 131",
    "name": "Agriculture in Mythology",
    "description": "Compare and contrast the role agriculture and plant sciences played in the development of ancient cultures. Study agricultural references in ancient global mythology. Develop an appreciation of how agricultural diversity of various ancient cultures influenced mythology in the cultures in different regions.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 180",
    "name": "Medicinal Plants and Herbology",
    "description": "The use of cultivated and wild plants in medicines and health products according to Eastern and Western medical traditions. Consideration of herbal medicine use from ancient times to the present, important medicinal chemicals produced by plants, and the evaluation of plant chemical products as potential human medicines.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 199",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Experimental course on a special topic in crop sciences. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 212",
    "name": "Introduction to Plant Protection",
    "description": "Covers the fundamentals of weeds, plant-associated insects, and plant pathogens. Lecture and laboratory material will cover diagnosis, identification, and control strategies used to improve plant health. Emphasis will be given to those pests and pathogens affecting plant agricultural production in Illinois and the Midwest.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 213",
    "name": "Evolution in Action",
    "description": "Introduction to evolutionary theory. Examination of how domesticated species have evolved. Develops an appreciation of how agroecosystems influence evolution of adjacent natural ecosystems. Elucidation of evolutionary mechanisms necessary for agricultural species to adapt to global climate change.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 215",
    "name": "The Prairie and Bioenergy",
    "description": "Designed for students who are interested in bioenergy and its production from prairie land. Instructors will provide information on the global trend of bioenergy production and consumption, importance of bioenergy, the role of Illinois prairie land in bioenergy production, potential U.S. bioenergy production, biofuels from plants, and socio-environmental benefits of bioenergy.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 241",
    "name": "Intro to Applied Statistics",
    "description": "Introduces fundamental statistical procedures used to analyze and interpret data. General principles of descriptive and inferential statistics, measures of central tendency and dispersion, probability, correlation and regression, and tests of hypotheses are covered. An emphasis is placed on biological, environmental, and agricultural sciences, but numerous examples from other areas are discussed. Course content enhances students' ability to critically assess statistical information encountered in professional and every day activities. Credit is not given for both CPSC 241 and STAT 100, ACE 261 or ACE 262.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 266",
    "name": "Data in Biology and Agriculture",
    "description": "This course focuses on the use of computing and data analysis to solve problems in biology and agriculture and includes an overview of computer methods and limitations of current computer, network and storage hardware for big data sets. The nature, use and future potential of different types of computer hardware and software in biology and agriculture (e.g. mobile applications, high performance computing, wireless networking) will be discussed. Examples of computing-related and computing-limited problems in biology and agriculture, such as image analysis, remote sensing and genetic analysis will be used as case studies. The potential of computing to improve the food system, medicine and other applications will be presented.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 270",
    "name": "Applied Entomology",
    "description": "Lectures, laboratory, and field trips cover the biology of insects and the recognition and management of insect pests of agricultural and urban ecosystems. Covers insect structure and physiology, classification, identification, life histories, behavior, and pest management. Same as IB 220 and NRES 270.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 370",
    "name": "Applied Entomology",
    "description": "Lectures and laboratory cover the biology of insects and the recognition and management of insect pests of agricultural and urban ecosystems. Covers insect structure and physiology, classification, identification, life histories, behavior, and pest management.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 419",
    "name": "Midwest Agricultural Practices",
    "description": "Introduces agronomic production practices in the Midwest and economics of the crop production value chain. Specifically designed for beginning graduate students in crop genetic improvement from non-agricultural backgrounds. 1 undergraduate hour. 1 graduate hour.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 433",
    "name": "Basic Toxicology",
    "description": "Same as CB 449, ENVS 480 and FSHN 480. See FSHN 480.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 436",
    "name": "Conservation Biology",
    "description": "Same as ENVS 420 and IB 451. See IB 451.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 438",
    "name": "Soil Nutrient Cycling",
    "description": "Same as NRES 438. See NRES 438.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 439",
    "name": "Env and Sustainable Dev",
    "description": "Same as NRES 439. See NRES 439.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 448",
    "name": "Biological Modeling",
    "description": "Same as ANSC 449, GGIS 468, and IB 491. See GGIS 468.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 479",
    "name": "Insect Pest Management",
    "description": "Same as IB 482. See IB 482.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 484",
    "name": "Plant Physiology",
    "description": "Same as IB 420. See IB 420.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 488",
    "name": "Soil Fertility and Fertilizers",
    "description": "Same as NRES 488. See NRES 488.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 489",
    "name": "Photosynthesis",
    "description": "Same as BIOP 432 and IB 421. See IB 421.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 491",
    "name": "Ugrad Bioinformatics Seminar",
    "description": "Same as INFO 491. See INFO 491.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 499",
    "name": "Advanced Special Topics",
    "description": "Advanced experimental course on a special topic in crop sciences. 1 to 4 undergraduate hours. 1 to 4 graduate hours. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 501",
    "name": "Programming for Genomics",
    "description": "Same as IB 501. See IB 501.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 505",
    "name": "Research Methods in Crop Sciences",
    "description": "Lectures, discussions, and seminars dealing with research in crop sciences. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 508",
    "name": "Integrated Pest Management",
    "description": "In Integrated Pest Management we will examine the fundamental concepts of pest management including a historical review of pests and pest management; an overview of major arthropod pests in a variety of settings (agronomic, specialty crops, urban and structural); current management options (area-wide, chemical, biological, cultural and physical); regulatory issues; and topics including emerging pest issues. 2 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 538",
    "name": "Environmental Plant Physiology",
    "description": "Same as IB 542. See IB 542.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 545",
    "name": "Statistical Genomics",
    "description": "Same as ANSC 545 and IB 507. See ANSC 545.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 569",
    "name": "Applied Bioinformatics",
    "description": "Same as ANSC 542 and IB 506. See ANSC 542.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 591",
    "name": "Grad Bioinformatics Seminar",
    "description": "Same as ANSC 591 and INFO 591. See INFO 591.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 594",
    "name": "Professional Orientation CPSC",
    "description": "Discussion of the philosophy and components of graduate education in Crop Sciences including discussion of the development of methods and strategies useful in research, teaching, and extension. Students will be required to develop and submit a proposal describing planned research for a non-thesis research project, M.S. thesis or Ph.D. Dissertation. Approved for S/U grading only.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CPSC 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Individual research under supervision of faculty. Required of all students working toward the Master of Sciences (thesis option) or Doctor of Philosophy in Crop Sciences. 0 to 16 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated in separate semesters.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 100",
    "name": "Computer Science Orientation",
    "description": "Introduction to Computer Science as a field and career for incoming first year and external transfer students in the computer science majors. Overview of the field and specific examples of problem areas and methods of solution.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 102",
    "name": "Little Bits to Big Ideas",
    "description": "Same as INFO 102. See INFO 102.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 107",
    "name": "Data Science Discovery",
    "description": "Same as IS 107 and STAT 107. See STAT 107.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar in Computer Science",
    "description": "Topics vary. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 265",
    "name": "Innovation Illinois: From Accessible Design to Supercomputing Cultures",
    "description": "Same as IS 265 and MACS 265. See MACS 265.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 266",
    "name": "Community Innovation",
    "description": "Same as IS 266 and MACS 266. See IS 266.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 398",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in computer science intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 407",
    "name": "Cryptography",
    "description": "Same as ECE 407. See ECE 407.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 413",
    "name": "Intro to Combinatorics",
    "description": "Same as MATH 413. See MATH 413.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 434",
    "name": "Real World Algorithms for IoT and Data Science",
    "description": "Same as ECE 434. See ECE 434.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 439",
    "name": "Wireless Networks",
    "description": "Same as ECE 439. See ECE 439.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 468",
    "name": "Tech and Advertising Campaigns",
    "description": "Same as ADV 492. See ADV 492.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 481",
    "name": "Advanced Topics in Stochastic Processes & Applications",
    "description": "Same as IE 410. See IE 410.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 482",
    "name": "Simulation",
    "description": "Same as IE 413. See IE 413.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 483",
    "name": "Applied Parallel Programming",
    "description": "Same as CSE 408 and ECE 408. See ECE 408.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 498",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in computer science intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. 1 to 4 undergraduate hours. 1 to 4 graduate hours. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 500",
    "name": "Current Topics in Computing Education Research",
    "description": "Current research topics and theories in Computers and Education with an emphasis on learning theories such as constructivism, behaviorism, cognitivism, knowledge-in-pieces, test-potentiated learning, and transfer of learning. These theories will be applied to understanding how students learn computing topics such as programming and theoretical computing. These topics will be applied through the design of ethically responsible educational research studies. The course will culminate in students writing a research proposal or conference-style research paper based upon pilot data. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated if topics vary. Credit towards a degree from multiple offerings of this course is not given if those offerings have significant overlap, as determined by the CS department.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 508",
    "name": "Manycore Parallel Algorithms",
    "description": "Same as ECE 508. See ECE 508.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 513",
    "name": "Theory & Practice of Data Cleaning",
    "description": "Same as IS 537. See IS 537.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 536",
    "name": "Fault-Tolerant Dig Syst Design",
    "description": "Same as ECE 542. See ECE 542.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 539",
    "name": "Distributed Algorithms",
    "description": "Same as ECE 526. See ECE 526.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 541",
    "name": "Computer Systems Analysis",
    "description": "Same as ECE 541. See ECE 541.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 543",
    "name": "Computer Vision",
    "description": "Same as ECE 549. See ECE 549.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 547",
    "name": "Deep Learning",
    "description": "Same as IE 534. See IE 534.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 549",
    "name": "Seminar in Cognitive Science",
    "description": "Same as PSYC 514, ANTH 514, EPSY 551, LING 570, and PHIL 514. See PSYC 514.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 556",
    "name": "Iterative & Multigrid Methods",
    "description": "Comprehensive treatment of algebraic and multigrid iterative methods to solve systems of equations, primarily linear equations arising from discretization of partial differential equations. Same as CSE 511.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 571",
    "name": "Combinatorial Mathematics",
    "description": "Same as MATH 580. See MATH 580.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 572",
    "name": "Extremal Graph Theory",
    "description": "Same as MATH 581. See MATH 581.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 575",
    "name": "Methods of Combinatorics",
    "description": "Same as MATH 584. See MATH 584.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 584",
    "name": "Embedded System Verification",
    "description": "Same as ECE 584. See ECE 584.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 585",
    "name": "Hardware Verification",
    "description": "Same as ECE 519. See ECE 519.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 586",
    "name": "Combinatorial Optimization",
    "description": "Same as IE 519. See IE 519.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 598",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in computer science intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CS 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 198",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in computational science and engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. May be repeated up to 6 hours in the same semester and to a maximum of 9 hours in separate semesters.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 298",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in computational science and engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites.  May be repeated up to 6 hours in the same semester and up to 9 hours in separate semesters.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 398",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in computational science and engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. May be repeated up to 6 hours in the same semester and up to 9 hours in separate semesters.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 401",
    "name": "Numerical Analysis",
    "description": "Same as CS 450, ECE 491 and MATH 450. See CS 450.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 402",
    "name": "Parallel Progrmg: Sci & Engrg",
    "description": "Same as CS 420 and ECE 492. See CS 420.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 408",
    "name": "Applied Parallel Programming",
    "description": "Same as CS 483 and ECE 408. See ECE 408.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 412",
    "name": "Numerical Thermo-Fluid Mechs",
    "description": "Same as ME 412. See ME 412.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 414",
    "name": "Algorithms",
    "description": "Same as CS 473 and MATH 473. See CS 473.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 422",
    "name": "Computer System Organization",
    "description": "Same as CS 433. See CS 433.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 423",
    "name": "Operating Systems Design",
    "description": "Same as CS 423. See CS 423.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 426",
    "name": "Software Engineering I",
    "description": "Same as CS 427. See CS 427.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 427",
    "name": "Interactive Computer Graphics",
    "description": "Same as CS 418. See CS 418.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 428",
    "name": "Statistical Computing",
    "description": "Same as STAT 428. See STAT 428.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 429",
    "name": "Software Engineering II",
    "description": "Same as CS 428. See CS 428.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 440",
    "name": "Statistical Data Management",
    "description": "Same as STAT 440. See STAT 440.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 441",
    "name": "Introduction to Optimization",
    "description": "Same as ECE 490. See ECE 490.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 448",
    "name": "Advanced Data Analysis",
    "description": "Same as STAT 448. See STAT 448.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 450",
    "name": "Computational Mechanics",
    "description": "Same as TAM 470. See TAM 470.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 451",
    "name": "Finite Element Analysis",
    "description": "Same as AE 420 and ME 471. See ME 471.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 461",
    "name": "Computational Aerodynamics",
    "description": "Same as AE 410. See AE 410.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 485",
    "name": "Atomic Scale Simulations",
    "description": "Same as MSE 485 and PHYS 466. See MSE 485.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 498",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in computational science and engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. 1 to 4 undergraduate hours. 1 to 4 graduate hours. May be repeated for a maximum of 6 hours in the same semester and up to 9 hours in separate semesters.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 505",
    "name": "Computational Bioengineering",
    "description": "Same as BIOE 505. See BIOE 505.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 510",
    "name": "Numerical Methods for PDEs",
    "description": "Same as CS 555 and MATH 552. See CS 555.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 511",
    "name": "Iterative & Multigrid Methods",
    "description": "Same as CS 556. See CS 556.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 512",
    "name": "Parallel Numerical Algorithms",
    "description": "Same as CS 554. See CS 554.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 513",
    "name": "Topics in Numerical Analysis",
    "description": "Same as CS 558. See CS 558.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 517",
    "name": "Adv Finite Element Methods",
    "description": "Same as TAM 574. See TAM 574.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 521",
    "name": "Computer Architecture",
    "description": "Same as ECE 511. See ECE 511.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 522",
    "name": "Parallel Computer Architecture",
    "description": "Same as CS 533. See CS 533.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 525",
    "name": "Topics in Computational Statistics",
    "description": "Same as STAT 525. See STAT 525.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 527",
    "name": "Scientific Visualization",
    "description": "Same as CS 519. See CS 519.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 530",
    "name": "Computational Electromagnetics",
    "description": "Same as ECE 540. See ECE 540.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 532",
    "name": "Numerical Circuit Analysis",
    "description": "Same as ECE 552. See ECE 552.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 542",
    "name": "Statistical Learning",
    "description": "Same as ASRM 551 and STAT 542. See STAT 542.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 543",
    "name": "Topics in Image Processing",
    "description": "Same as ECE 547. See ECE 547.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 551",
    "name": "Finite Element Methods",
    "description": "Same as CEE 570. See CEE 570.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 552",
    "name": "Nonlinear Finite Elements",
    "description": "Same as CEE 576. See CEE 576.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 553",
    "name": "Computational Inelasticity",
    "description": "Same as CEE 577. See CEE 577.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 554",
    "name": "Computational Plates & Shells",
    "description": "Same as CEE 571. See CEE 571.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 560",
    "name": "Computational Fluid Mechanics",
    "description": "Same as TAM 570. See TAM 570.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 566",
    "name": "Numerical Fluid Dynamics",
    "description": "Same as ATMS 502. See ATMS 502.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 576",
    "name": "Computational Chemical Biology",
    "description": "Same as BIOP 576 and CHEM 576. See CHEM 576.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CSE 598",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in computational science and engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. 1 to 4 graduate hours. 1 to 4 professional hours. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated for a maximum of 6 hours in the same semester and up to 9 hours in separate semesters.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CW 100",
    "name": "Intro to Creative Writing",
    "description": "Acquaints students with the technical choices a writer makes in creating a story or a poem. Classes will consist of lectures on specific elements of poetry, fiction, and creative nonfiction. Students will also have the opportunity to talk with visiting writers and work in small groups to apply the course techniques and skills to a close reading of stories and poems.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CW 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Topics course that varies each semester and by section. The topics offered each semester will be listed in the Class Schedule. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CW 202",
    "name": "Topics in Creative Writing",
    "description": "Independent writing projects and examination of literature as the cultural basis of the student's specialized fields. May be repeated as topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CW 208",
    "name": "Creative Nonfiction Workshop",
    "description": "Types of nonfiction prose, including the personal essay, memoir, literary journalism, and historical writing.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 111",
    "name": "Bible as Literature",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 114 and REL 101. See REL 101.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 112",
    "name": "Literature of Global Culture",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 112. See ENGL 112.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 114",
    "name": "Global Consciousness and Lit",
    "description": "Exploration of the cultural and historical roots of globalization and the development of global consciousness from ancient Greece to the present, as reflected primarily in literature, but also with reference to historiography, cartography, religion, art, politics, economics, and popular culture. Course materials including literary texts, articles, historical accounts, political tracts, films, and paintings focus on the mutual perception of, and historical relationships among Europe, the Arab world, Africa, Asia, and the Americas.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 117",
    "name": "Russ & E Euro Science Fiction",
    "description": "Same as SLAV 117. See SLAV 117.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 119",
    "name": "Literature of Fantasy",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 119. See ENGL 119.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 122",
    "name": "Russia and Black America",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 122 and RUSS 122. See RUSS 122.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 151",
    "name": "Cross-Cultural Thematics",
    "description": "Explores a combination of western and non-western literature through the focus on a shared theme, exploring differences in treatment both within and among different cultures. Several thematic focuses are offered in rotation, including concepts of love and death, environmental justice, catastrophe, gender, and others. All the themes introduce students to a wide array of famous texts from different cultures and also offer some varied perspectives for their own inevitable thoughts on these major topics. May be repeated to a maximum of 6 hours if topics vary. Students may register in more than one section per term.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 189",
    "name": "Literatures of the Islamic World",
    "description": "Comparative, cross-cultural study of major literary and cultural works from the Islamic world, broadly defined, including pre-Islamic cultures and their interactions with Islamic civilization. All readings in English.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 190",
    "name": "Modern Asian and African Literatures",
    "description": "Comparative, cross-cultural study of major works from the postcolonial world. Topics may include pre-colonial cultures, the impact of colonialism, decolonization, modernization, and/or globalization. All readings in English.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Credit: 1 to 5 hours. Approved for both letter and S/U grading. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 201",
    "name": "Comparative Lit Studies",
    "description": "Introduction to various methods in comparative literary study, including genres, thematics, literary relations, literary movements, and interdisciplinary approaches.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 202",
    "name": "Literature and Ideas",
    "description": "Analysis of several important world-views in Western civilization (such as classical, Romantic, modern, and so forth), studied comparatively and in relation to selected figures in Western literature.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 204",
    "name": "US Border Literatures and Cultures",
    "description": "Exploration of the cultures, experiences, and conditions of people living on and around the borders of the United States. The syllabus will place particular emphasis on the US-Mexico borderlands, a space of interaction, exchange, and confrontation between diverse communities that traverse national, racial, and linguistic borders. We will examine this dynamic space through a varied array of cultural texts, including literature, film, journalism, and scholarship. Through these texts, students will gain a deepened understanding and appreciation of the Latinx and indigenous communities that live along, around, and across today’s US-Mexico border. At the end of the semester, we will turn our attention briefly to the US-Canada border – and, in particular, to the political and cultural life of indigenous peoples living along and across the present-day US-Canada border.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 206",
    "name": "Classical Allusions in Cinema",
    "description": "Same as CLCV 206. See CLCV 206.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 207",
    "name": "Indian Cinema in Context",
    "description": "Introduction to Indian mainstream (mainly Bollywood) cinema and its evolution through the last seven decades. Topics to be explored include, but not limited to, the relation between Indian society/culture and its cinematic representations, cinema's resistance to dominant nationalist and patriarchal ideologies, its interactions with the postcolonial nation-state of India, how globalization has changed the industry. All films will be screened with subtitles. No knowledge of Hindi or any other Indian language is required. Same as MACS 207.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 208",
    "name": "Cultures & Literatures of South Asia",
    "description": "Same as ASST 208, REL 208 and SAME 208. See REL 208.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 209",
    "name": "Jewish American and US Minority Literatures in Dialogue",
    "description": "Same as JS 209 and ENGL 222. See JS 209.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 210",
    "name": "Introduction to Modern African Literature",
    "description": "Same as AFST 210 and ENGL 211. See AFST 210.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 211",
    "name": "The Arab-Israeli Conflict",
    "description": "War has been a constant shadow over the lives of Israelis and Palestinians. We will examine the history of attitudes to war and peace in the region as presented through historical documents, memoirs, political statements, poetry, film and short stories. The course explores the plurality of voices and experiences of different political groups, genders, ethnicities, religions and communities. Same as JS 211 and SAME 211.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 212",
    "name": "Israeli Cinema and Television",
    "description": "Same as JS 212 and SAME 212. See JS 212.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 215",
    "name": "Madness, Myth, and Murder",
    "description": "Same as SCAN 215. See SCAN 215.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 216",
    "name": "Legends of King Arthur",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 216 and MDVL 216. See ENGL 216.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 217",
    "name": "Classical Chinese Lit",
    "description": "Same as EALC 207. See EALC 207.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 218",
    "name": "Survey of Ukrainian Literature",
    "description": "Same as UKR 218. See UKR 218.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 220",
    "name": "Exploring the Greek and Roman World",
    "description": "Same as CLCV 220. See CLCV 220.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 221",
    "name": "Jewish Storytelling",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 223, JS 220, REL 220, and YDSH 220. See YDSH 220.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 223",
    "name": "The Qur'an (Koran)",
    "description": "Same as REL 223, SAME 223. See REL 223.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 224",
    "name": "German Literature in Trans",
    "description": "Same as GER 200. See GER 200.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 225",
    "name": "Constr Afr and Carib Identity",
    "description": "Same as AFST 209, FR 240, and LAST 240. See FR 240.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 226",
    "name": "Humanist Persp of Afro-Am Exp",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 224. See AFRO 224.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 227",
    "name": "Golden Age of Russian Literature",
    "description": "Same as RUSS 220. See RUSS 220.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 230",
    "name": "Popular Cultures of Contemporary East Asia",
    "description": "Same as EALC 230. See EALC 230.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 240",
    "name": "Italy Middle Ages & Renaiss",
    "description": "Same as ITAL 240 and MDVL 240. See ITAL 240.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 242",
    "name": "Modern Masterpieces of Western Culture",
    "description": "Comparative study of major works of literature, philosophy and culture in the Western tradition from the Enlightenment to today, from Descartes and Voltaire to Dickinson and Calvino. Emphasis on the works as representative of their historical and cultural period, as well as how these works create the cultural world we live in today.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 245",
    "name": "Survey of Polish Literature",
    "description": "Same as POL 245. See POL 245.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 249",
    "name": "Russian Lit and Revolution",
    "description": "Same as RUSS 225. See RUSS 225.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 250",
    "name": "Grimms' Fairy Tales - ACP",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 267 and GER 250. See GER 250.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 251",
    "name": "Viking Mythology",
    "description": "Same as MDVL 251, REL 251, and SCAN 251. See SCAN 251.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 252",
    "name": "Viking Sagas in Translation",
    "description": "Same as MDVL 252 and SCAN 252. See SCAN 252.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 253",
    "name": "Medieval Literature and Culture",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 202 and MDVL 201. See ENGL 202.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 254",
    "name": "Grimm's Fairy Tales in Context",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 266 and GER 251. See GER 251.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 255",
    "name": "Renaissance Literature and Culture",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 204. See ENGL 204.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 257",
    "name": "Enlightenment Literature and Culture",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 206. See ENGL 206.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 259",
    "name": "Early African American Literature and Culture",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 259 and ENGL 259. See ENGL 259.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 260",
    "name": "Modern African American Literature and Culture",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 260 and ENGL 260. See ENGL 260.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 262",
    "name": "Gender & Sexuality in Greco-Roman Antiquity",
    "description": "Same as CLCV 240 and GWS 240. See CLCV 240.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 263",
    "name": "Odysseus and Other Heroes",
    "description": "Same as CLCV 221. See CLCV 221.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 264",
    "name": "Introduction to Greek and Roman Theater",
    "description": "Same as CLCV 222 and THEA 210. See CLCV 222.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 267",
    "name": "The Short Story",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 245. See ENGL 245.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 271",
    "name": "The Holocaust in Context - ACP",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 268 and GER 260. See GER 260.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 272",
    "name": "Sexuality and Literature",
    "description": "Same as GER 270 and GWS 270. See GER 270.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 273",
    "name": "The Holocaust in Context",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 269, GER 261, and JS 261. See GER 261.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 275",
    "name": "Masterpieces of East Asian Lit",
    "description": "Same as EALC 275. See EALC 275.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 276",
    "name": "Asian Film Genres",
    "description": "Same as EALC 276 and ENGL 276. See ENGL 276.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 277",
    "name": "Slavic Literature Survey",
    "description": "Same as SLAV 277. See SLAV 277.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 283",
    "name": "Jewish Sacred Literature",
    "description": "Same as REL 283. See REL 283.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 284",
    "name": "Modern Jewish Literature",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 284, JS 284, and REL 284. See JS 284.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 308",
    "name": "Chinese Popular Literature",
    "description": "Same as EALC 308. See EALC 308.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 311",
    "name": "Japan Lit in Translation I",
    "description": "Same as EALC 305. See EALC 305.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 312",
    "name": "Japan Lit in Translation II",
    "description": "Same as EALC 306. See EALC 306.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 317",
    "name": "Francophone Worlds",
    "description": "Same as FR 319. See FR 319.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 320",
    "name": "Responses to the Holocaust",
    "description": "Course introduces a variety of Jewish and non-Jewish responses to the Holocaust created during and after the Second World War (from 1939). The discussion of Holocaust films, miniseries, memoirs, diaries, novels, short stories, poems, and other texts will focus on the unique contribution of those works to our understanding of the Holocaust. In addition, the works and their authors will be situated in their cultural and historical context. Taught in English translation. Same as ENGL 359, JS 320, REL 320, and YDSH 320.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 321",
    "name": "Russian Writers",
    "description": "Same as RUSS 320. See RUSS 320.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 322",
    "name": "The Comic Imagination",
    "description": "Same as CLCV 323 and THEA 323. See CLCV 323.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 323",
    "name": "Tolstoy",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 323 and RUSS 323. See RUSS 323.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 324",
    "name": "Dostoevsky",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 322 and RUSS 322. See RUSS 322.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 325",
    "name": "Chekhov",
    "description": "Same as RUSS 325 and THEA 362. See RUSS 325.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 328",
    "name": "Special Topics German Studies",
    "description": "Same as GER 396. See GER 396.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 335",
    "name": "Nabokov",
    "description": "Same as RUSS 335. See RUSS 335.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 350",
    "name": "South Asian Goddesses",
    "description": "Same as REL 350 and SAME 350. See REL 350.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 376",
    "name": "Children and Youth Literature",
    "description": "Same as EURO 376, GWS 376, and SCAN 376. See SCAN 376.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 387",
    "name": "Media and Cinema in French",
    "description": "Same as FR 387 and MACS 382. See FR 387.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 389",
    "name": "French & Comparative Cinema II",
    "description": "Same as FR 389 and MACS 383. See FR 389.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 395",
    "name": "Special Topics Comp Lit I",
    "description": "Presentation and discussion of subjects relating literature to other disciplines; topic varies. May be repeated to a maximum of 6 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 400",
    "name": "African Diasporic Thought in the Caribbean",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 400. See AFRO 400.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 410",
    "name": "Modern African Fiction",
    "description": "Same as AFST 410, and ENGL 470. See AFST 410.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 411",
    "name": "The Chinese Novel",
    "description": "Same as EALC 411. See EALC 411.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 412",
    "name": "Mod Chinese Lit in Translation",
    "description": "Same as EALC 412. See EALC 412.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 413",
    "name": "Dante",
    "description": "Same as ITAL 413 and MDVL 413. See ITAL 413.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 414",
    "name": "Petrarch & Boccaccio",
    "description": "Same as ITAL 414 and MDVL 414. See ITAL 414.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 415",
    "name": "Mod Japan Lit in Translation",
    "description": "Same as EALC 415. See EALC 415.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 417",
    "name": "Topics in Medieval British and Irish Literature",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 412 and MDVL 410. See ENGL 412.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 420",
    "name": "Masterpieces Renaiss Lit",
    "description": "Same as ITAL 420 and MDVL 420. See ITAL 420.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 421",
    "name": "Jewish Life-Writing",
    "description": "Same as HIST 436, REL 420, SLAV 420, and YDSH 420. See YDSH 420.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 430",
    "name": "History of Translation",
    "description": "Same as CLCV 430, ENGL 486, GER 405, SLAV 430, SPAN 436, and TRST 431. See SLAV 430.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 434",
    "name": "Studies in Francophonie",
    "description": "Same as FR 479. See FR 479.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 436",
    "name": "Problems of Polish Literature",
    "description": "Same as POL 446. See POL 446.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 440",
    "name": "Russian Culture Studies",
    "description": "Same as RUSS 460. See RUSS 460.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 444",
    "name": "Problems in Romanticism",
    "description": "Same as RUSS 444. See RUSS 444.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 453",
    "name": "Slavic Cultural Studies",
    "description": "Same as SLAV 452. See SLAV 452.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 457",
    "name": "Russian Modernism",
    "description": "Same as RUSS 424. See RUSS 424.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 463",
    "name": "Modern Scandinavian Drama",
    "description": "Same as SCAN 463 and THEA 483. See SCAN 463.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 466",
    "name": "Russia and the Other",
    "description": "Same as RUSS 461. See RUSS 461.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 467",
    "name": "Japanese Cinema",
    "description": "Same as EALC 466 and MACS 466. See MACS 466.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 470",
    "name": "Scandinavian Politics and Society",
    "description": "Same as EURO 470 and SCAN 470. See SCAN 470.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 472",
    "name": "Kierkegaard and the Self",
    "description": "Same as PHIL 472, REL 472, and SCAN 472. See SCAN 472.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 477",
    "name": "Post-Communist Fiction",
    "description": "Same as SLAV 477 and REES 477. See SLAV 477.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 478",
    "name": "Classical Chinese Thought",
    "description": "Same as EALC 476 and HIST 425. See EALC 476.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 490",
    "name": "Topics in Classical Literature",
    "description": "Same as CLCV 490. See CLCV 490.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 493",
    "name": "Senior Thesis and Honors",
    "description": "Independent research guided by tutor(s), leading to the writing of a comparative thesis. Intended primarily for candidates for honors in comparative literature, but open to other seniors. 3 to 6 undergraduate hours. No graduate credit. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 501",
    "name": "Theory of Literature",
    "description": "Major issues of literary theory, critical approaches, and comparative research.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 502",
    "name": "Methods of Comparative Lit",
    "description": "Problems and methods of cross-cultural literary studies, concentrating on the effects of historical encounters between different civilizations and on theoretical issues in comparing literatures across cultures. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 503",
    "name": "Historiography of Cinema",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 503 and MACS 503. See MACS 503.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 504",
    "name": "Theories of Cinema",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 504 and MACS 504. See MACS 504.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 511",
    "name": "Applied Literary Translation I",
    "description": "Same as EALC 511, GER 511, SLAV 501, and TRST 501. See TRST 501.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 512",
    "name": "Applied LiteraryTranslation II",
    "description": "Same as EALC 512, GER 512, SLAV 502, and TRST 502. See TRST 502.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 535",
    "name": "Nabokov",
    "description": "Same as RUSS 535. See RUSS 535.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 551",
    "name": "Seminar Lit Movements",
    "description": "Investigation of the development and mutation of literary movements (classicism, romanticism, symbolism, etc.) through a study of critical texts and their reception in various countries. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 552",
    "name": "Studies French & Comp Cinema",
    "description": "Same as FR 552. See FR 552.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 561",
    "name": "Seminar Genres - Forms",
    "description": "Study of a form (the lyric, the novel, the drama, etc.) to discover its essential components in all the literatures studied and the significance of national variations. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 562",
    "name": "Sem Spanish-American Lit",
    "description": "Same as SPAN 535. See SPAN 535.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 571",
    "name": "Seminar in Literary Relations",
    "description": "Investigation of the impact of one literature upon another, or of some specific works upon others (the role of English literature in continental Europe, the influence of Russian novelists on French and German writers, etc.). May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 576",
    "name": "Methods in Slavic Grad Study",
    "description": "Same as SLAV 576. See SLAV 576.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 578",
    "name": "Seminar 20thC French Lit",
    "description": "Same as FR 578. See FR 578.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 581",
    "name": "Seminar Lit Themes",
    "description": "Study of a theme or type (the Faust myth, the romantic hero, etc.) to discover its essential components in all the literatures studied and the significance of national variations. The subject of the seminar varies each term. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 586",
    "name": "Children and Youth Literature",
    "description": "Same as EURO 576, GWS 576, and SCAN 576. See SCAN 576.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 593",
    "name": "Special Studies",
    "description": null,
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CWL 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Intended for students engaged in writing a thesis as a partial requirement for the M.A. or Ph.D. degree in comparative literature. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated to a maximum of 8 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CZCH 101",
    "name": "Elementary Czech I",
    "description": "Develops basic proficiency in Czech in listening, speaking, reading, and writing.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "CZCH 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "DANC 100",
    "name": "Intro to Contemporary Dance",
    "description": "Overview of major works, figures, and trends responsible for shaping dance as an evolving contemporary art form. The course will have lecture, viewing, discussion and experiential (studio participation) components. For non-dance majors.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "DANC 125",
    "name": "Black Dances of Resistance",
    "description": "The Break Down: Black Dances of Resistance interrogates African American dance for its potential for social resistance. \"Break Down\" refers to the spirituality of perseverance and the \"vital aliveness\" of African Diasporic movement that has counteracted the dismal social climate in which Black people have found themselves throughout American history. Concurrent with on-line lectures, students will participate in African-informed dance classes once a week to excavate the \"BreakDown\" in selected African American dance forms including but not limited to plantation dances, hip hop, Black queer dance styles, and contemporary choreography.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "DANC 131",
    "name": "Production Practicum I",
    "description": "Practical experience in the production of dance concerts mounted in the Krannert Center for the Performing Arts. May be repeated to a maximum of 6 hours. (1 hour credit per concert up to 2 hours per term).",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "DANC 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated to a maximum of 9 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "DANC 200",
    "name": "Explore Music through Dance",
    "description": "In-depth study of musical form, history, culture, and styles, taught from a physical learning, i.e., dance, perspective. Musical and dance forms will be studied across cultures and time periods, from both a technical and a cross-cultural perspective. Content will be delivered as a series of video lectures and performances, and online readings. Students will create movement studies that mirror the musical forms being analyzed, produce video documentation of these works, engage in peer review of other students' performance work, and complete exams that cover the cultural and historical aspects of the examples studied.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "DANC 258",
    "name": "Improvisation for Musicians, Actors, and Dancers",
    "description": "In this interdisciplinary course, performing arts students learn skills necessary for the practice of dance and dance theater improvisational and performance skills. Encourages contemplation of the broader philosophical implications inherent in the form: creative thinking, community building and accepting difference. Content includes visits to lectures and events outside the Dance Department. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 8 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "DANC 340",
    "name": "Dancing Black Popular Culture",
    "description": "Introduction to black dance aesthetics and its interconnectedness with American popular culture. By exploring its cultural, political and historical roots, coupled with theoretical concepts of \"the popular\" and ties to the vernacular, the course will be organized around significant markers that have shaped black dance's development. Same as AFRO 340.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "DANC 355",
    "name": "Creative Dance for Children",
    "description": "Through lecture, discussion and practice, students develop skills to teach elements and concepts of dance to children ages 4-10. Students will participate in one day of theory/discussion as well as the Saturday Creative Dance for Children program sponsored by the Department of Dance. Course includes strategies for behavior and time management, spatial transitions, and how to organize and communicate creative concepts clearly and effectively. Students will observe master teaching and apply teaching techniques, acquire lesson plans that form the basis for a creative dance curriculum and the skills to implement them, and participate in all phases of a creative dance curriculum. Students will participate in the children’s class as observers, assistants, and teachers under the supervision of the faculty member. Same as ARTE 355, CI 355, HDFS 355, and MUS 355. Credit is not given towards graduation for DANC 355 and DANC 350 (prior to Spring 2022).",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "DANC 363",
    "name": "Advanced Improvisation",
    "description": "Exploration of the physical skills and philosophical concepts at the base of improvisation practice. Students will develop individual and collective approaches to improvisatory structures, systems and performance contexts as well as look at the historical ways that improvisation has been used in contemporary performance. The course will culminate in performance in various public and private contexts. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 4 credit hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "DANC 402",
    "name": "Alexander Technique Practicum",
    "description": "Facilitates conscious and reasoned control of the human organism as a psychophysical whole. Helps students recognize habits that constitute their daily activities and discard, through conscious control, those that impede open-minded enquiry and self-reliance. Through one-on-one work with certified teachers and trainees, students will learn to change habitual patterns of coordination. 1 undergraduate hour. 3 graduate hours. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 8 undergraduate or 6 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "DANC 420",
    "name": "Graduate Performance Practice",
    "description": "Performance laboratory involving the rehearsal and performance of student works under faculty supervision. No undergraduate credit. 1 to 2 graduate hours. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "DANC 440",
    "name": "Gender and Sexuality in Contemporary Performance",
    "description": "Explore contemporary artists and artistic movements from the fields of dance, theatre, and performance art that address issues of gender and sexuality. Students analyze artistic work and scholarship from multiple fields including performance studies, gender and sexuality studies, theatre history, dance studies, and art history. 3 undergraduate hours. No graduate credit. This course is online and asynchronous, though attendance to one live, in-person, performance is mandatory.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "DANC 455",
    "name": "Supervised Teaching",
    "description": "Practical teaching experience under the supervision of a faculty member; weekly conference devoted to evaluation and planning. Teaching areas include major and non-major university courses and classes for community adults and children. 1 to 4 undergraduate hours. 1 to 4 graduate hours. May be repeated to a maximum of 8 hours with approval.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "DANC 465",
    "name": "Screendance",
    "description": "This course is an introduction to Screendance and provides a comprehensive approach, from the camera use to editing techniques, leading to a practical ability to develop and produce a Screendance project. The course will also address issues of aesthetics, history, theory and technology as a foundation for the approaches to Screendance composition. Specific population encouraged to take the course are Cinema and Media studies, Theater Design and Technology and Art and Design. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "DANC 476",
    "name": "The City Through the Body",
    "description": "Same as UP 476. See UP 476.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "DTX 180",
    "name": "Exercising Empathy",
    "description": "Empathy can play a role in everything we do. Understanding empathy enables us to live full and intentional lives. How do we become compassionate people? When we approach and address problems in our world, how do we ensure we consider others, their perspectives, and their needs? This course introduces six core values and provides students with a foundational understanding of empathy.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "DTX 210",
    "name": "Introduction to Social Design",
    "description": "Social design supports and empowers culture by looking at design through the lens of the community as a whole. The overarching goal of social design is to create outcomes that inspire cultural engagement and improve creativity, equity, social justice, and public health. This course provides an introduction to the fundamentals of social design, where students will collaborate on projects across the semester to learn how to bring the course materials together to real-life applications.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "DTX 451",
    "name": "Introduction to Design Thinking",
    "description": "Provides a hands-on introduction to the fundamentals of Design Thinking and Human-Centered Design. Students will analyze and reflect on design challenges as well as participate in human-centered design while working collaboratively on group projects. Through project work, students will learn methods to perform initial research and project scoping, conduct interviews, create journey maps and wireframes, brainstorm and propose ideas, plan and develop prototypes to communicate and test ideas. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours. Credit is not given for both DTX 251 and DTX 451.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "DTX 495",
    "name": "Special Topics in Design Thinking",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in design thinking and human-centered design intended to augment the existing curriculum. 1 to 4 undergraduate hours. 1 to 4 graduate hours. May be repeated, if topics vary, in the same term to a maximum of 6 hours or in separate terms to a maximum of 12 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "DTX 499",
    "name": "Multidisciplinary Innovation Studio",
    "description": "Design thinking requires design practice, especially on real-world challenges that truly need cross-disciplinary creative and critical thinking. This course brings together multidisciplinary student teams who will use the human-centered design approach to complete authentic projects. Thematic sections will require the teams to implement design thinking methodologies to conduct research, propose and prototype designs, and plan for the implementation and launch of final designs. Teams will be matched with appropriate advisors for guidance and inspiration. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 6 undergraduate hours and 8 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 120",
    "name": "East Asian Civilizations",
    "description": "Same as HIST 120. See HIST 120.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 122",
    "name": "History East Asian Religions",
    "description": "Introduction to East Asian religious traditions; emphasizes the ideas of Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism in China and their historical interactions. Same as REL 122.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 130",
    "name": "The Chinese Language",
    "description": "An introduction to the scientific study of the Chinese language. We will explore where the Chinese language came from, its similarities to and differences from Japanese and Korean, and how the Chinese character writing system was invented, plus what is it like now. We will explore differences among Chinese dialects (e.g., Cantonese, Mandarin, Taiwanese and Shanghai) and learn where in China these are spoken, and also explore how the Chinese language operates in the brain. Finally, we will investigate how children in China learn to speak, read, and write, how adults learn to speak Chinese as a foreign language, and how Chinese can be used by different social groups in different settings in order to influence social power and distance. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. This course does not fulfill the campus foreign language requirement.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 132",
    "name": "Zen",
    "description": "Same as REL 132. See REL 132.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 207",
    "name": "Classical Chinese Lit",
    "description": "Surveys Chinese literary works from the classical tradition (history, philosophy, poetry, literary criticism) with attention to intellectual and artistic values. Same as CWL 217. No knowledge of Chinese is required.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 208",
    "name": "Chinese Cinema",
    "description": "Explores the cinematic conventions and experiments employed by Chinese filmmakers over the past one hundred years. Unique Chinese film genres such as left-wing melodrama and martial arts, as well as three \"new waves\" in China’s recent avant-garde cinema, will be examined.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 212",
    "name": "East Asian Art History",
    "description": "Introduction to East Asian art and architecture from prehistory to today. The major artistic and architectural traditions of China, Korea, and Japan are examined as are the basic tools of analysis with which one may learn why objects look the way they do. Attention will be given to placing the arts within their historical and cultural contexts and the interaction among arts, religions and other belief systems, and sociopolitical structures. Same as ARTH 212.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 214",
    "name": "Art in China",
    "description": "Same as ARTH 214. See ARTH 214.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 220",
    "name": "Traditional China",
    "description": "Same as HIST 220. See HIST 220.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 221",
    "name": "Modern China",
    "description": "Same as HIST 221. See HIST 221.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 222",
    "name": "Chinese Thought and Culture",
    "description": "Examination of China's principal philosophical, religious, and political schools of thought - such as Confucianism, Taoism, Zen Buddhism, and Maoism - as ways of understanding one of the world's major civilizations; the period of the classical philosophers, the glory years of empire, and the troubled era of Western contact receive approximately equal attention. Same as HIST 222 and REL 224.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 225",
    "name": "Japanese Religions: Thought and Practice",
    "description": "Introduces the history and development of the varieties of Japanese religious thought, practice and cultural expression. Focus is primarily on the major traditions of Japan: Shinto and Buddhism, with some attention to Confucianism, Christianity and New Religions. Read alongside secondary literature for context and interpretation, a number of primary materials in translation, such as historical documents, Shinto mythical narratives, Buddhist philosophical treatises, ritual manuals, Nō dramas, folk tales, a novel, political tracts, and several films will be examined. Same as REL 225.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 226",
    "name": "Premodern Japanese History",
    "description": "Same as HIST 226. See HIST 226.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 227",
    "name": "Modern Japanese History",
    "description": "Same as HIST 227. See HIST 227.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 230",
    "name": "Popular Cultures of Contemporary East Asia",
    "description": "An introduction to the popular cultures and subcultures of China, Korea, and Japan through exposure to popular films, music, anime, games, and everyday practices. Already hugely popular in its home countries, East Asian popular culture has become familiar to American audiences through films, video games, food, toys, and comic books. The course explores the historical, social, cultural, and economic roots of this global appeal, while gauging popular culture's impact on national identity, gender, and lifestyle. No knowledge of East Asian languages is required. Same as CWL 230.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 240",
    "name": "Chinese Civilization",
    "description": "Introduction to the historical development of Chinese civilization. Emphasis will be on broad themes and the connections among cultural values, women and gender, social institutions, political structures, and contacts with outsiders. Visual and literary evidence will be stressed.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 250",
    "name": "Intro to Japanese Culture",
    "description": "Topical introduction to Japanese cultural and aesthetic life with attention to cultural and aesthetic patterns as they are reflected in literature, language, and the arts.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 260",
    "name": "Topics in Korean Studies",
    "description": "Topical introduction to Korean history, philosophy, religion, economy, art, literature, and culture across pre-modern, modern and contemporary periods. May be repeated in the same or separate terms to a maximum of 12 hours if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 275",
    "name": "Masterpieces of East Asian Lit",
    "description": "A wide-ranging introduction to the literatures of traditional China, Korea, and Japan. Selections from novels, plays, and poems are studied to gain insight into the cultures that produced them and to hone skills in textual analyses. Explores how influential texts have been repackaged and reinterpreted for modern audiences in media such as film and manga. Same as CWL 275. No knowledge of Chinese or Japanese language required.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 276",
    "name": "Asian Film Genres",
    "description": "Same as CWL 276 and ENGL 276. See ENGL 276.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 280",
    "name": "Anthropology of Martial Arts",
    "description": "Cultural anthropology can be used to make sense of martial arts. We will consider versions of martial arts presented in books and movies, forms of sport and athletic performance, and a range of practices oriented by ideals of self-defense or spiritual cultivation. We will examine case studies from the US and around the world, paying particular attention to the association of martial arts with East Asian traditions. Same as ANTH 280.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 285",
    "name": "Intro to Korea Through Film",
    "description": "Course uses film, literary, and ethnographic works to explore the impact of Post-Colonial (1945-present) socioeconomic and cultural transformation on the personal and collective South Korean experience. Same as ANTH 285.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 287",
    "name": "Introduction to Buddhism",
    "description": "Same as REL 287. See REL 287.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 288",
    "name": "Contemporary East Asia",
    "description": "Introduction to aspects of daily life in East Asia in relation to local and extra-local political and economic structures and transformations. Same as ANTH 287.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 305",
    "name": "Japan Lit in Translation I",
    "description": "Survey of Japanese literature from earliest times to 1600; readings in prose, poetry, and drama in English translation. Same as CWL 311.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 306",
    "name": "Japan Lit in Translation II",
    "description": "Survey of Japanese literature from 1600 to recent times; readings in prose, poetry, and drama in English translation; and lectures and papers. Same as CWL 312.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 308",
    "name": "Chinese Popular Literature",
    "description": "Surveys Chinese popular literary works written in the vernacular language (short story, novel, and drama), with attention to cultural and artistic values. Same as CWL 308. No knowledge of Chinese is required.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 320",
    "name": "Sacred Sites in Japan",
    "description": "An interdisciplinary study of major sites in Japan that are deemed sacred, and of their visual culture. The art and architecture of sacred sites are examined and positioned within a variety of contexts, such as their cultural, religious, and socio-political significance. It will be explored how these art and architecture have been received and used, and how they and perceptions of the sites have shaped each other. Same as ARTH 320.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 327",
    "name": "Tokyo: Then and Now",
    "description": "Tokyo has been one of the world's largest and most dynamic cities for much of its history. In this course, you will learn about the city through maps and artwork, its literary and culinary creativity, its markets and marketplaces, its quaint neighborhoods and bustling city centers, and its place in film, manga, and anime. You will deepen your knowledge about specific issues through short individual assignments and explore with a small team of your classmates a topic of your choosing that is related to the fascinating history and culture of Edo-Tokyo. Same as HIST 327.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 343",
    "name": "Gov & Pol of China",
    "description": "Same as PS 343. See PS 343.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 344",
    "name": "Government and Politics of Japan",
    "description": "Same as PS 344. See PS 344.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 359",
    "name": "Government and Politics of East Asia",
    "description": "Same as PS 359. See PS 359.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 361",
    "name": "Gender and Women in East Asia",
    "description": "Interdisciplinary inquiry into the cultural and social patterns that have shaped women's lives in China, Japan, and Korea. Same as GWS 361.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 365",
    "name": "Contemporary Korean Society",
    "description": "Explores contemporary Korean society through popular culture, including but not limited to advertisements, sports, tourism, film, television, music, internet & new media, fashion, and food.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 367",
    "name": "History of Korea",
    "description": "Historical examination of the Korean experience, with introduction from the earliest times to the present day with a focus on modern Korea: basic political, social, economic patterns; examination of the cultural and intellectual tradition; Korea's historical role in Asia; the Korean colonial experience; Korea in the modern world. Same as HIST 325.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 402",
    "name": "Ways of Seeing in Edo Japan",
    "description": "Same as ARTH 402. See ARTH 402.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 403",
    "name": "Word and Image in Chinese Art",
    "description": "Same as ARTH 403. See ARTH 403.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 404",
    "name": "China through Film",
    "description": "Same as ARTH 404. See ARTH 404.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 411",
    "name": "The Chinese Novel",
    "description": "Reading and analysis of representative pieces of Chinese fiction from the fourth century B.C. to 1900 with emphasis on the development of Chinese fiction, its place in the literary tradition, and its role in society. Same as CWL 411. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours. No knowledge of Chinese is required.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 412",
    "name": "Mod Chinese Lit in Translation",
    "description": "Reading and analysis of representative selections from Chinese literature since the May 4 Movement (early 20th century), with special attention to the relationship between literature and ideology in twentieth-century China. Same as CWL 412. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours. No knowledge of Chinese is required.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 420",
    "name": "China Under the Qing Dynasty",
    "description": "Same as HIST 420. See HIST 420.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 421",
    "name": "Soc-Econ Hist Modern China",
    "description": "Same as HIST 422. See HIST 422.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 425",
    "name": "Chinese Poetry and Translation",
    "description": "A critical introduction to major Chinese poetic genres and an in depth examination of various translation strategies used in the translation of Chinese poetry. The poetry component acquaints students with essential aspects of Chinese language and poetry and thus enables them to evaluate the translated texts from the perspectives of both an insider and outsider. The translation component entails both the evaluation of existing translations and practice by the students. Same as TRST 430. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 426",
    "name": "Early Modern Japan",
    "description": "Same as HIST 426. See HIST 426.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 427",
    "name": "Twentieth-Century Japan",
    "description": "Same as HIST 427. See HIST 427.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 430",
    "name": "Intro to East Asian Ling",
    "description": "Same as LING 430. See LING 430.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 466",
    "name": "Japanese Cinema",
    "description": "Same as CWL 467 and MACS 466. See MACS 466.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 484",
    "name": "Buddhist Meditation",
    "description": "Same as REL 484. See REL 484.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 495",
    "name": "Topics in Asian Religions",
    "description": "Same as REL 495. See REL 495.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 500",
    "name": "Proseminar in EALC",
    "description": "Interdisciplinary introduction for first-term East Asian Languages and Cultures graduate students to western-language writings on East Asia that have been important to modern scholarship on the region. The proseminar will cover the three cultures of the region in an interdisciplinary fashion, focusing on the methods of various disciplines in their treatment of East Asia. Method refers both to the kinds of materials studies, and the theory and tools used in research.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 501",
    "name": "Seminar in Chinese Art",
    "description": "Same as ARTH 501. See ARTH 501.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 511",
    "name": "Applied Literary Translation I",
    "description": "Same as CWL 511, GER 511, SLAV 501, and TRST 501. See TRST 501.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 512",
    "name": "Applied LiteraryTranslation II",
    "description": "Same as CWL 512, GER 512, SLAV 502, and TRST 502. See TRST 502.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 520",
    "name": "Problems in Chinese History",
    "description": "Same as HIST 520. See HIST 520.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 521",
    "name": "Seminar in Chinese Literature",
    "description": "Examination of Chinese literature from a variety of genres and historical periods intended to prepare students for independent work in literary criticism and analysis. Readings include both primary texts and important works of secondary scholarship. Students will produce a term paper based on independent research. May be repeated to a maximum of 8 hours with approval.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 522",
    "name": "Research Seminar: China",
    "description": "Same as HIST 521. See HIST 521.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 526",
    "name": "Problems in Japanese History",
    "description": "Same as HIST 526. See HIST 526.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 527",
    "name": "Research Seminar: Japan",
    "description": "Same as HIST 527. See HIST 527.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 567",
    "name": "Popular Religion in East Asia",
    "description": "Same as REL 568. See REL 568.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 584",
    "name": "Theories in Second Language Acquisition",
    "description": "Same as CI 584, EPSY 563, FR 584, GER 584, ITAL 584, LING 584, PORT 584, and SPAN 584. See SPAN 584.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EALC 588",
    "name": "Sem Second Lang Learn",
    "description": "Same as FR 588, GER 588, ITAL 588, LING 588, PORT 588, and SPAN 588. See SPAN 588.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 101",
    "name": "Exploring Digital Info Technol",
    "description": "Principles and processes for the development of information technologies: digital music, digital images, digital logic, data compression, error correction, information security, and communication networks. Laboratory for design of hardware and software, and experiments in audio and image processing. Intended for students outside the College of Engineering. Credit is not given to Computer or Electrical Engineering majors.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 110",
    "name": "Introduction to Electronics",
    "description": "Introduction to selected fundamental concepts and principles in electrical engineering. Emphasis on measurement, modeling, and analysis of circuits and electronics while introducing numerous applications. Includes sub-discipline topics of electrical and computer engineering, for example, electromagnetics, control, signal processing, microelectronics, communications, and scientific computing basics. Lab work incorporates sensors and motors into an autonomous moving vehicle, designed and constructed to perform tasks jointly determined by the instructors and students.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 198",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Lectures and discussions relating to new areas of interest. May be repeated in the same or separate terms for unlimited hours if topics vary. See class schedule for topics and prerequisites.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Approved for both letter and S/U grading. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 200",
    "name": "Seminar",
    "description": "Discussions of educational programs, career opportunities, and other topics in electrical and computer engineering. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated. For Computer Engineering and Electrical Engineering majors only.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 298",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Lectures and discussions relating to new areas of interest. May be repeated in the same or separate terms for unlimited hours if topics vary. See class schedule for topics and prerequisites.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 374",
    "name": "Introduction to Algorithms & Models of Computation",
    "description": "Same as CS 374. See CS 374.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 398",
    "name": "Special Topics in ECE",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in electrical and computer engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. Approved for both letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 414",
    "name": "Biomedical Instrumentation",
    "description": "Same as BIOE 414. See BIOE 414.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 415",
    "name": "Biomedical Instrumentation Lab",
    "description": "Same as BIOE 415. See BIOE 415.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 419",
    "name": "Security Laboratory",
    "description": "Same as CS 460. See CS 460.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 422",
    "name": "Computer Security I",
    "description": "Same as CS 461. See CS 461.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 424",
    "name": "Computer Security II",
    "description": "Same as CS 463. See CS 463.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 426",
    "name": "Principles of Mobile Robotics",
    "description": "Same as ABE 426. See ABE 426.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 428",
    "name": "Distributed Systems",
    "description": "Same as CS 425. See CS 425.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 435",
    "name": "Computer Networking Laboratory",
    "description": "Same as CS 436. See CS 436.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 438",
    "name": "Communication Networks",
    "description": "Same as CS 438. See CS 438.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 448",
    "name": "Artificial Intelligence",
    "description": "Same as CS 440. See CS 440.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 449",
    "name": "Machine Learning",
    "description": "Same as CS 446. See CS 446.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 478",
    "name": "Formal Software Development Methods",
    "description": "Same as CS 477. See CS 477.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 489",
    "name": "Robot Dynamics and Control",
    "description": "Same as ME 446 and SE 422. See SE 422.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 491",
    "name": "Numerical Analysis",
    "description": "Same as CS 450, CSE 401 and MATH 450. See CS 450.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 492",
    "name": "Parallel Progrmg: Sci & Engrg",
    "description": "Same as CS 420 and CSE 402. See CS 420.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 493",
    "name": "Advanced Engineering Math",
    "description": "Same as MATH 487. See MATH 487.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 498",
    "name": "Special Topics in ECE",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in electrical and computer engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. 0 to 4 undergraduate hours. 0 to 4 graduate hours. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 500",
    "name": "ECE Colloquium",
    "description": "Required of all graduate students. Approved for S/U grading only.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 519",
    "name": "Hardware Verification",
    "description": "This course teaches algorithms for verification that are applied to very large scale hardware in the chip design industry. The course teaches symbolic model checking, Binary decision diagrams (BDDs), satisfiability (SAT) based algorithms, symbolic simulation, coverage metrics for simulation, automatic assertion generation, analog circuit verification and post Silicon validation algorithms. The course teaches scalable search algorithms that can be applied to discrete and continuous space models. Same as CS 585. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 520",
    "name": "EM Waves & Radiating Systems",
    "description": "Fundamental electromagnetic theory with applications to plane waves, waveguides, cavities, antennas, and scattering; electromagnetic principles and theorems; and solution of electromagnetic boundary-value problems.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 523",
    "name": "Plasma Technology of Gaseous Electronics",
    "description": "Same as NPRE 527. See NPRE 527.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 524",
    "name": "Advanced Computer Security",
    "description": "Same as CS 563. See CS 563.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECE 579",
    "name": "Computational Complexity",
    "description": "Same as CS 579. See CS 579.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECON 102",
    "name": "Microeconomic Principles",
    "description": "Introduction to the functions of individual decision-makers, both consumers and producers, within the larger economic system. Primary emphasis on the nature and functions of product markets, the theory of the firm under varying conditions of competition and monopoly, and the role of government in prompting efficiency in the economy. Credit is not given for ECON 102 and ACE 100.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECON 103",
    "name": "Macroeconomic Principles",
    "description": "Introduction to the theory of determination of total or aggregate income, employment, output, price levels, and the role of money in the economy. Primary emphasis on monetary and fiscal policy, inflation, unemployment, economic growth, and international economics.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECON 198",
    "name": "Economics at Illinois",
    "description": "An introductory course intended to help students explore the various fields of economics. Presents brief introductions to various faculty members within the Department of Economics at Illinois and an overview of their respective fields. Enrollment limited to undergraduate Economics majors only. Approved for S/U grading only.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECON 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Approved for both letter and S/U grading. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECON 210",
    "name": "Environmental Economics",
    "description": "Same as ACE 210, ENVS 210, NRES 210, and UP 210. See ACE 210.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECON 542",
    "name": "Collective Bargaining",
    "description": "Same as LER 542. See LER 542.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECON 543",
    "name": "Workplace Dispute Resolution",
    "description": "Same as LER 543. See LER 543.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECON 548",
    "name": "Adv Natural Resource Economics",
    "description": "Same as ACE 510, ENVS 510, and NRES 510. See ACE 510.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECON 553",
    "name": "Demand/Supply/Firms/Households",
    "description": "Same as ACE 502. See ACE 502.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECON 578",
    "name": "Large Sample Theory",
    "description": "Same as STAT 575. See STAT 575.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECON 580",
    "name": "Industrial Organization",
    "description": "Theory of the organization of markets and firms, behavior of firms, functioning of competitive systems, and performance of markets.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECON 582",
    "name": "Empirical Ind Organization",
    "description": "Empirical Methods in Industrial Organization. Topics include: detection of anticompetitive behavior; estimation techniques that allow for product differentiation, endogenous entry and intertemporal decision-making; estimation and testing of auctions and other asymmetric information models.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECON 590",
    "name": "Individual Study and Research",
    "description": "Directed reading and research. Approved for both letter and S/U grading. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ECON 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Preparation of thesis required of all students writing master's or doctoral theses in economics. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EDPR 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EDUC 101",
    "name": "Education Orientation Seminar",
    "description": "Informational orientation seminar for Education majors to enhance their understanding of college life and the field of education as a profession.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EDUC 102",
    "name": "Freshman Honors Seminar",
    "description": "Provides an introduction to critical issues in education with focus on selected contemporary issues in the field; emphasis is on critical analysis and reflection on relationships between teachers, schools, and society.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EDUC 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "See class schedule for topics. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same and separate semesters to a maximum of 6 hours, if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EDUC 201",
    "name": "Identity and Difference in Education",
    "description": "Focuses on the role of identity in schooling and the way in which identity is socially constructed. Examine how power and privilege impact equity and opportunities based on socially constructed identities such as race, social class, gender, sexual identity, language, (dis)ability, and nationalism. Explore asset-based frameworks that are identity affirming and counter deficit-based perspectives. This course is designed for students interested in reflecting on their own experiences as learners by critically examining their socially constructed identities and \"ways of knowing\" and the societal implications of these experiences. It is also for those considering careers in teaching, and anyone interested in reflecting on how issues of inclusion, exclusion, power, and privilege play out in education.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EDUC 202",
    "name": "Social Justice, School and Society",
    "description": "Examines the nature of justice and the dynamics of a pluralistic society to derive a conception of social justice. Working with this conception, it asks how schools function to perpetuate and/or remediate social injustice. The course will consider the history and nature of schooling, issues of access and tracking, and notions of the public and the common. The course is designed for students interested in reflecting on their own educational histories, for those considering careers in teaching, and for all future parents and citizens needing to be able to reflect critically on justice, school, and society.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EDUC 499",
    "name": "Education Abroad",
    "description": "This course will serve as a foundation for your education abroad experience. The class will center on the experience of travel as it relates to education - your own education, the education systems and policies you encounter, as well as your prospective role as a future educator. This course will introduce comparative education inquiry and provide space to consider the cultural, political, and ethical implications of engaging in education travel and research in cross-cultural, global contexts. 0 to 3 undergraduate hours. 0 to 4 graduate hours. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EIL 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EIL 214",
    "name": "TESL in the Elementary School",
    "description": "On-site practical experience in an elementary school, involving at least 100 hours of classroom observations, consultations, teaching, tutoring, and assisting, to acquaint students with the many facets of ESL/bilingual education in a public school setting. Hours to be arranged with the cooperating teacher. Satisfies one requirement for those who wish to obtain an Illinois ESL endorsement on an Illinois teaching certificate.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EIL 215",
    "name": "TESL in the Secondary School",
    "description": "On-site practical experience in a secondary school, involving at least 100 hours of classroom observations, consultations, teaching, tutoring, and assisting, to acquaint students with the many facets of ESL/bilingual education in a public school setting. Hours to be arranged with the cooperating teacher. Satisfies one requirement for those who wish to obtain an Illinois ESL endorsement on an Illinois teaching certificate.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EIL 411",
    "name": "Intro to TESL Methodology",
    "description": "Introduction to TESL/TEFL, including the concept of \"communicative competence\" and its components; teaching contexts; current research on teaching second language skills; syllabus, lesson, and materials design; and classroom techniques. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EIL 422",
    "name": "Engl Grammar for ESL Teachers",
    "description": "Adaptation of modern English grammar to meet the needs of the ESL/EFL teacher, with special emphasis on the development of knowledge and skills that can be used in the analysis of the syntax, lexis and pragmatics of English. Same as ENGL 404. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EIL 486",
    "name": "Ling for Language Teachers",
    "description": "Introduction to linguistics for language teachers. Examines history and scope of linguistics, and introduces key elements of linguistic analysis with accompanying theoretical analyses of syntax, morphology, phonology, the lexicon, and pragmatics. Also covers the role of non-linguistic factors in communication and prioritizes the application of linguistics to instructed language learning settings. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EIL 580",
    "name": "Classroom Language Acquisition",
    "description": "Same as FR 580, GER 580, ITAL 580, PORT 580, and SPAN 580. See SPAN 580.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENG 100",
    "name": "Grainger Engineering Orientation Seminar",
    "description": "Introduces students to the Grainger College of Engineering and their respective departments. Students will explore the academic environment at Illinois, developing skills that will aid in learning both inside and outside the classroom, build their leadership and collaborative skills, and build community inside and outside the classroom. Through class discussion and assignments, students will explore campus resources, examine and set goals for academic, personal, and professional development, and develop skills to work in diverse teams through a class project.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENG 101",
    "name": "Engineering at Illinois",
    "description": "Introduction to undergraduate programs of study available in The Grainger College of Engineering and the potential careers of graduates of those programs. Intended for Division of General Studies students who may be interested in becoming an engineering major or other students who wish to explore engineering careers.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENG 110",
    "name": "Communicating and Presenting in Engineering",
    "description": "Technical communications skills for engineering students. Emphasis on identifying content for audience for a given presentation setting, critiquing presentations on the basis of content, delivery, and visual aids, designing slides that increase effectiveness of communication and delivery of content, and interactions in teams to design slides and present topics. Same as TE 110.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENG 177",
    "name": "Engineering First-Year Experience Seminars",
    "description": "Provides first-year students with opportunities to participate in interdisciplinary courses designed to help explore what is means to be an engineer and develop skills required in the engineering workplace, be it team dynamics, leadership skills, intercultural competency, or communication techniques. Students will explore topic areas offered as separate sections under the course heading. Each section uses a hands-on, interactive, discussion/team-based approach. The courses use active learning exercises in addition to reflections, readings, and project work. May be repeated in the same or separate terms for a maximum of 4 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENG 198",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or college course information for topics and prerequisites. Approved for both letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENG 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Topics will vary. See class schedule. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same or separate semesters, if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENG 261",
    "name": "Technology & Mgmt Seminar",
    "description": "Same as BADM 261. See BADM 261.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENG 298",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or college course information for topics and prerequisites. Approved for both letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENG 299",
    "name": "Engineering Study Abroad",
    "description": "Illinois credit placeholder for foreign study and mechanism to maintain continuous Illinois enrollment while studying abroad. A detailed proposal must be submitted by the student for approval by the student's department and the college office prior to such study abroad. Final determination of credit and its application toward the degree is made by the college office after a review of the student's work abroad. (Summer Session, 0 to 6 hours). Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENG 310",
    "name": "Engineering Internship",
    "description": "Engineering Internship is for engineering undergraduate students who are completing full-time or part-time internship or co-op that is related to their major field of study and an integral or important part of their program of study. Students participating in research-based projects should contact the Office of Undergraduate Research in Engineering to identify an appropriate course. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated in separate terms.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENG 398",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or college course information for topics and prerequisites. Approved for both letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENG 498",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or college course information for topics and prerequisites. 1 to 4 undergraduate hours. 1 to 4 graduate hours. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENG 510",
    "name": "Engineering Practice",
    "description": "Engineering Practice is for engineering graduate students who are completing curricular practical training, either full-time or part-time, that is related to their major field of study and an integral or important part of their program of study. 0 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENG 572",
    "name": "Professional Practicum",
    "description": "Internship or equivalent experience as it relates to the student's field of study. Student will complete a comprehensive written report, develop a website, and/or give an oral presentation that relates to his/her internship experience. 1 to 8 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 8 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENG 573",
    "name": "Capstone Project",
    "description": "Design project pertinent to student's field of study. Student will complete a comprehensive written report, develop a website, and/or give an oral presentation that relates to his/her project. 1 to 8 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 8 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENG 580",
    "name": "Teaching and Leadership skills for Graduate Engineering Students and Teaching Assistants",
    "description": "Develop professional skills through practical training in classroom management and leadership; review pedagogy and theory of learning. Create communities of practice through discussions and classroom observations; become familiar with campus resources for teaching improvement; discover cutting-edge teaching methods, including active learning and project-based learning through exposure to educational research topics. Develop leadership skills that will be useful in academia, industry, or government careers. Same as ECE 592. 1 or 2 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for S/U grading only.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENG 598",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or college course information for topics and prerequisites. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 101",
    "name": "Intro to Poetry",
    "description": "Close reading and analysis of poetry and other literary texts. Introduction to argumentative strategies for writing about poetry. Addresses prosody, poetic language (diction, metaphor, image, tone), and major verse forms (the sonnet, elegy, ode, ballad, dramatic monologue, free verse). Students also study poems from a range of literary periods and movements to learn how formal qualities change and develop over time and are relevant to everyday life.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 102",
    "name": "Intro to Drama",
    "description": "Explores such topics as the history of dramatic form, the major dramatic genres, the dramatic traditions of various cultures, and key terms used in the analysis of dramatic works. Reading plays from the ancient Greeks to the contemporary theatre, students will be taught skills in close reading and literary interpretation. Students will consider the importance of performance, considering how meanings might be represented through visual and aural means.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 103",
    "name": "Intro to Fiction",
    "description": "An introduction to the study of literature and literary history at the university level. Explores such topics as: the historical role and place of fictional narratives, the idea of genre, relationships between context and meaning in fictional works. Student will develop a critical vocabulary for interpreting and analyzing narrative strategies. Credit is not given for both ENGL 103 and ENGL 109.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 104",
    "name": "Introduction to Film",
    "description": "Thoughtful viewing of diverse films (in required weekly screenings), along with ample discussion and critical reading and writing, to gain understanding of cinematic expression and of film's capacity to entertain and to exert artistic and social influence. Same as MACS 104.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 112",
    "name": "Literature of Global Culture",
    "description": "Through literature and films, studies the impact of historical change on individuals and on cultures, the breakdown of borders, the building of new hierarchies of domination and exploitation, the contact and collision between the local and the global, and the transnational and problematic processes of cultural globalization. Same as CWL 112.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 114",
    "name": "Bible as Literature",
    "description": "Same as CWL 111 and REL 101. See REL 101.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 115",
    "name": "Intro to British Literature",
    "description": "Acquaints students with the rich diversity of British prose, poetry, and drama. As a basic introduction to English literature, the course explores a series of literary texts, often thematically related, which appeal to modern readers and at the same time provide interesting insights into the cultural attitudes and values of the periods which produced them.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 116",
    "name": "Introduction to American Literature",
    "description": "American literature speaks in distinctive dialects that pre-date the arrival of European explorers in the Renaissance, range across centuries and continents, and intermingle a rich variety of racial, ethnic, and gendered perspectives. Genres examined in this course might include lyric poems, dystopian novels, horror stories, seduction narratives, slave narratives, political speeches, or postmodern plays. Writers studied might include Walt Whitman, Columbus, Jane Johnston Schoolcraft, Herman Melville, Edgar Allan Poe, Junot Díaz, Harriet Beecher Stowe, David Foster Wallace, Martin Luther King, and Lin-Manuel Miranda.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 117",
    "name": "Shakespeare on Film",
    "description": "Explores the ongoing reinterpretation and appropriation of Shakespeare plays in twentieth- and twenty-first century film. Expect to read around five plays and analyze two productions of each play, and to consider how Shakespeare can be transformed to meet different cultural and contextual demands of the screen. Lecture and discussion. Same as MACS 117.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 119",
    "name": "Literature of Fantasy",
    "description": "Introduction to the rich traditions of fantasy writing in world literature. While the commercial category of fantasy post-Tolkien will often be the focal point, individual instructors may choose to focus on alternate definitions of the genre: literatures of the fantastic, the uncanny, and the weird; fantasy before the Enlightenment and the advent of realism; fantasy for young adult or child readers; and so on. Same as CWL 119.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 120",
    "name": "Science Fiction",
    "description": "Introduction to the study of science fiction, the genre that has both contributed to scientific knowledge and attempted to make sense of the changes that have taken place in the world since the Enlightenment, the onset of industrialization, and the acceleration of technology. Texts are taken from a variety of literary and pop culture sources: pulps and magazines, novels and films, comics and TV shows.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 121",
    "name": "Introduction to Comics",
    "description": "Introduction to graphic narratives---comic books, comic strips, graphic novels, manga, webcomics, and so on---from a diverse panoply of cultural, formal, and historical traditions.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 122",
    "name": "The Middle Ages in Popular Culture",
    "description": "Explores the use of medievalism in contemporary popular culture. Instructors may draw from film, television, music, fiction, graphic novels, gaming, and other sources, and they approach the material from a variety of cultural, historical, and aesthetic traditions. The goal of the course will be to understand how the medieval periods of world cultures have been reinvented in modern times, and how modernity has been constructed in relation and in opposition to the medieval imaginary. Same as MDVL 122.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 150",
    "name": "Black Literature in America",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 105. See AFRO 105.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Topics course that varies each semester and by section. The topics offered each semester will be listed in the Class Schedule. Approved for letter and S/U grading. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 200",
    "name": "Introduction to the Study of Literature and Culture",
    "description": "Introduction to the study of literature in the twenty-first century. This course will expand your sense of what literature is and where it happens, including discussion of old and new literary forms (from novels, poems, and plays to comic books, video games, and films). Along the way, students will explore some of the literary and cultural opportunities (such as author readings, scholarly talks, and performances) available to them on a large public university campus, with two goals in mind: to develop your critical interpretive skills and to acquaint you with the discipline of literary studies as it is being practiced all around us today, both inside and outside the conventional classroom.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 211",
    "name": "Introduction to Modern African Literature",
    "description": "Same as AFST 210 and CWL 210. See AFST 210.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 219",
    "name": "Literature and Medicine",
    "description": "Introduction to the interchange between the medical and literary imaginations – how diseases, bodies, and minds get written about and represented culturally. The premise of the course is that ideas and experiences concerning our health are always mediated through the literature we read, the films we watch, and the stories we tell our doctors and that they tell us. Our focus will be on how literature and film have played and continue to play a crucial role in understanding health on local, national, and global scales.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 220",
    "name": "Literature and Science",
    "description": "Explores the mutual influences of science and literature in some key literary and non-literary texts. Covers scientific texts, literary works, and cultural theory to explore how and why scientific knowledge is intimately linked to literature.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 221",
    "name": "Speculative Futures",
    "description": "Introduces majors and non-majors to several important conversations arising from the expansive genre of speculative fiction. In this course students will explore some of the most profound, disturbing, and downright bizarre imaginings of the future that human beings have generated. Climate change, ageing, fascist regimes, reproductive rights, technological failures, scientific advancements, and apocalypse are just a few of the possible topics for this class. Course materials will be drawn from literary works, contemporary and historical scientific developments, and cultural theory to explore how and why speculative futures are linked to specific cultural contexts, technologies, and social schemes.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 222",
    "name": "Jewish American and US Minority Literatures in Dialogue",
    "description": "Same as CWL 209 and JS 209. See JS 209.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 223",
    "name": "Jewish Storytelling",
    "description": "Same as CWL 221, JS 220, REL 220, and YDSH 220. See YDSH 220.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 224",
    "name": "Latina/o Popular Culture",
    "description": "Same as LLS 240 and SPAN 240. See LLS 240.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 225",
    "name": "Intro to Latina/o Literature",
    "description": "Same as LLS 242 and SPAN 242. See LLS 242.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 248",
    "name": "British, American, and Continental Fiction",
    "description": "Same as CWL 269. See CWL 269.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 253",
    "name": "Topics in Literature and New Media",
    "description": "Introduction to the role technological invention has played in history of print media and how literary aesthetics are changing with the advent of new media, such as software, video games, and graphic novels. We will consider material formats, genres, and modes of production along with the cultural, political, and societal implications of different forms and formats. May be repeated in separate terms up to 6 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 265",
    "name": "Intro to American Indian Lit",
    "description": "Same as AIS 265. See AIS 265.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 266",
    "name": "Grimm's Fairy Tales in Context",
    "description": "Same as CWL 254 and GER 251. See GER 251.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 267",
    "name": "Grimms' Fairy Tales - ACP",
    "description": "Same as CWL 250 and GER 250. See GER 250.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 268",
    "name": "The Holocaust in Context - ACP",
    "description": "Same as CWL 271 and GER 260. See GER 260.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 269",
    "name": "The Holocaust in Context",
    "description": "Same as CWL 273, GER 261, and JS 261. See GER 261.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 270",
    "name": "American Film Genres",
    "description": "Introduction to the study of the dominant genres or types U.S. cinema. Examines the elements that constitute genres (such as visual and narrative patterns), the formation and reshaping of genres by filmmakers and the entertainment industry, the social and cultural factors that influence the genre cycles and subgenres, and the landmark works of each genre. The course treats several genres in historical perspective or focus on a single genre. May be repeated in separate terms up to 6 hours if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 275",
    "name": "Am Indian and Indigenous Film",
    "description": "Same as AIS 275 and MACS 275. See AIS 275.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 276",
    "name": "Asian Film Genres",
    "description": "Studies a variable selection of popular film genres produced and circulated in Asia (e.g., martial arts, horror, musicals, anime, melodramas, science fiction, monster movies, comedy) that have an impact across the region, with emphasis on East and Southeast Asia, and beyond. Takes a historical and transnational comparative approach to analyzing shifting narrative and visual and other cinematic realizations of each genre across different contexts, including Western reception and cross-cultural adaptations. Same as CWL 276 and EALC 276.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 277",
    "name": "Gender in Gaming",
    "description": "Same as GSD 204, GWS 204 and MACS 204. See GWS 204.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 284",
    "name": "Modern Jewish Literature",
    "description": "Same as CWL 284, JS 284, and REL 284. See JS 284.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 293",
    "name": "The Anthropocene",
    "description": "Focuses on the current historical period of humans' relative dominance over major Earth systems. Introduces students to debates surrounding the scientific basis for the Anthropocene, followed by a survey of its major historical periodizations, from the so-called \"Paleo-Anthropocene\" of human agriculture, to industrialization, to the post-1950 \"Great Acceleration\" in economic development and resource consumption whose consequences we now face in crisis phenomena such as climate change, water scarcity, resource wars, and environmental refugeeism. Same as ESE 293.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 311",
    "name": "History of the English Language",
    "description": "Language variation and change from the earliest forms of English to the present day, with emphasis on the rise of Standard English and the social, geographic, and cultural aspects of linguistic change in English. Credit is not given for both ENGL 310 and ENGL 311.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 322",
    "name": "Dostoevsky",
    "description": "Same as CWL 324 and RUSS 322. See RUSS 322.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 323",
    "name": "Tolstoy",
    "description": "Same as CWL 323 and RUSS 323. See RUSS 323.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 325",
    "name": "Topics in LGBT Literature and Film",
    "description": "Explores topics on representations of non-heteronormative sexuality in canonical and recovered historical texts and in contemporary literature, on literature by LGBT authors, and on theories of sexuality that pertain to systems of textual and cultural meaning. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 6 hours, if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 330",
    "name": "Slavery and Identity",
    "description": "Explores slavery in the Americas through its representation in literature over time. Using a variety of disciplinary approaches, we will look at the enslaved, the enslavers, and the middle merchants who facilitated the slave trade, and will examine the experience of slavery and the economic, political, religious, and scientific justifications used to maintain it. We will also examine the African cultural traditions from which the slaves emerged and the aspects of it that lent to creation of the new U.S. culture.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 333",
    "name": "Memoir & Autobiography",
    "description": "Same as GWS 333. See GWS 333.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 357",
    "name": "Literatures of the Displaced",
    "description": "Same as AAS 357, AIS 357, GWS 357, and LLS 357. See LLS 357.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 359",
    "name": "Responses to the Holocaust",
    "description": "Same as CWL 320, JS 320, REL 320, and YDSH 320. See CWL 320.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 360",
    "name": "Environmental Writing",
    "description": "Same as ESE 360. See ESE 360.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 378",
    "name": "Fairy Tales & Gender Formation",
    "description": "Same as GWS 378. See GWS 378.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 402",
    "name": "Descriptive English Grammar",
    "description": "An introduction to English linguistics with emphasis on the phonetic, syntactic, and semantic structures of English; language variation, standardization, and change; language legislation and linguistic rights; English as a world language; and the study of language in American schools. Same as BTW 402. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 404",
    "name": "Engl Grammar for ESL Teachers",
    "description": "Same as EIL 422. See EIL 422.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 407",
    "name": "Introduction to Old English",
    "description": "Introduction to the form of English spoken and written prior to about AD 1100. Exploring concepts of cultural, historical, and linguistic change, students will learn to read Old English texts in the original. Readings include examples from the prose tradition (e.g., Bede's story of the poet Cædmon and Ælfric's Lives of Saints) as well as poetic texts (e.g., The Dream of the Rood and The Wanderer). Same as MDVL 407. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 458",
    "name": "Latina/o Performance",
    "description": "Same as LLS 458. See LLS 458.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 459",
    "name": "Topics in American Indian Lit",
    "description": "Same as AIS 459. See AIS 459.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 467",
    "name": "Multimedia Environmental Communications",
    "description": "Same as ESE 467. See ESE 467.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 470",
    "name": "Modern African Fiction",
    "description": "Same as AFST 410, and CWL 410. See AFST 410.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 477",
    "name": "Advanced Environmental Writing",
    "description": "Introduces students to the challenges of \"turning data into narrative.\" With a focus on students' professional development as writers, this course emphasizes the research and rhetorical skills required to communicate current scientific research in earth and environmental science through non-fiction narrative forms--the investigative essay, long-form journalism, personal memoir, and op-ed--aimed at a general audience. Same as ESE 477. 3 undergraduate hours. No graduate credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 486",
    "name": "History of Translation",
    "description": "Same as CLCV 430, CWL 430, GER 405, SLAV 430, SPAN 436, and TRST 431. See SLAV 430.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 494",
    "name": "Writing with Performance: Politics of Love",
    "description": "Same as AAS 494, FAA 494, GWS 494, THEA 484. See FAA 494.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 495",
    "name": "Minoritarian Aesthetics Practicum",
    "description": "Same as AAS 495, FAA 495, GWS 425, and THEA 468. See FAA 495.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 496",
    "name": "Experiments in Queer Performance",
    "description": "Same as AAS 496, FAA 496, GWS 496, and THEA 486. See FAA 496.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 498",
    "name": "Environmental Writing for Publication",
    "description": "Same as ESE 498. See ESE 498.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 500",
    "name": "Intro to Criticism & Research",
    "description": "Introductory course in methods and techniques in research and literary criticism.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 503",
    "name": "Historiography of Cinema",
    "description": "Same as CWL 503 and MACS 503. See MACS 503.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 504",
    "name": "Theories of Cinema",
    "description": "Same as CWL 504 and MACS 504. See MACS 504.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 586",
    "name": "Topics in Digital Studies",
    "description": "Inquiry into theory and research in one or more areas of digital scholarship, including new media studies, digital humanities, social media studies, and/or critical code studies. Same as CI 586. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated in separate terms up to 8 hours, if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 591",
    "name": "Research in Special Topics",
    "description": "Independent study under the guidance of a member of the graduate faculty. May be repeated to a maximum of 8 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 594",
    "name": "Writing the Minor - Minoritarian Aesthetics",
    "description": "Same as AAS 594, FAA 594, GWS 594, and THEA 594. See FAA 594.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENGL 596",
    "name": "Experiments in Minoritarian Aesthetics",
    "description": "Same as AAS 596, FAA 596, GWS 596, and THEA 596. See FAA 596.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENSU 300",
    "name": "Environmental Sustainability",
    "description": "Explores the challenges of creating a sustainable world. Examines: a) trends and conditions of the earth's major ecosystems, b) ways in which our economic system has created levels of consumption that threaten sustainability, c) the extent to which equity and justice contribute to sustainable systems, and d) evidence demonstrating how human creativity and innovation can create a more sustainable world. Same as LA 370 and NRES 370.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENSU 301",
    "name": "Soc Impacts Weather & Climate",
    "description": "Examines the interconnectedness of weather, climate and society. Focus is on the complex relationship between weather, climate and society from both a physical and social perspective with an examination of the role of sustainability in both impacts and future mitigation. Discussions focused on the physical principles driving the weather and climate and how they interact with all aspects of society. Same as ATMS 322.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENSU 302",
    "name": "Air Pollution to Global Change",
    "description": "Develops the science of air pollution across spatial scales with an Earth-systems approach. Considers how fossil fuel combustion, agriculture development, waste generation, synthetic chemicals production, biomass burning, and changes in land use are significantly altering levels of radiatively and chemically active gases and aerosols in the atmosphere, and how these pollutants interact at local, regional, and global scales. The systems nature of the processes through which air pollution is linked to global change will be examined via integrated science assessment modeling that includes feedbacks from societal policies, industrial practices, and human populations. Same as ATMS 323.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENSU 303",
    "name": "Sustainable Business I",
    "description": "At the dawn of the 21st century, business and society is confronted with a confluence of factors, including environmental degradation, widespread poverty, and the need for renewable sources of energy. The diverse sources of information that point to an uncertain future suggests that a 'business as usual' approach has to be replaced with more proactive alternatives that address the needs of the environment, consumer welfare and community development. This course on sustainable marketing management begins to address these issues and engender an appreciation among our students for the challenges that lie ahead for businesses. Looks at the relationship between sustainable business practices, societal welfare, and ecological systems. Student projects will apply marketing and business concepts to create a sustainable business plan for organizations.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENSU 310",
    "name": "Renewable & Alternative Energy",
    "description": "Fossil fuel supplies are finite and growing energy demands of an ever increasing population will quickly deplete these reservoirs. Focuses on the use and availability of renewable and alternative energy sources such as wind, solar, bio-fuels, ethanol, geothermal and nuclear power as well as the impacts of using these alternative energy sources on climate, society and the global economy. Students will develop the student's perspective on human energy consumption at all scales through a complete scale analysis of energy production and consumption – from the individual to the national government to the world economy.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENSU 410",
    "name": "Sustainable Organizations",
    "description": "Explores the notion of sustainability as a core business tenant, and how entrepreneurs and their companies are working to create and capture financial, social, and environmental value. The focus is on on large, for profit companies, but lessons will extend to smaller, non-profit, and governmental organizations. The aim is to prepare participants for the green challenge of adopting and implementing socially responsible practices in the workplace. 4 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENVS 101",
    "name": "Introduction to Energy Sources",
    "description": "Same as NPRE 101. See NPRE 101.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENVS 210",
    "name": "Environmental Economics",
    "description": "Same as ACE 210, ECON 210, NRES 210, and UP 210. See ACE 210.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENVS 220",
    "name": "Communicating Agriculture",
    "description": "Same as AGCM 220 and NRES 220. See AGCM 220.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENVS 310",
    "name": "Natural Resource Economics",
    "description": "Same as ACE 310, and NRES 310. See ACE 310.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENVS 330",
    "name": "Environmental Communications",
    "description": "Same as AGCM 330 and NRES 330. See AGCM 330.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENVS 336",
    "name": "Tomorrow's Environment",
    "description": "Same as CHLH 336 and CPSC 336. See CPSC 336.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENVS 380",
    "name": "Environmental Geology",
    "description": "Same as GEOL 380. See GEOL 380.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENVS 406",
    "name": "Urban Ecology",
    "description": "Same as UP 406. See UP 406.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENVS 420",
    "name": "Conservation Biology",
    "description": "Same as CPSC 436 and IB 451. See IB 451.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENVS 447",
    "name": "Environmental Sociology",
    "description": "Same as SOC 447. See SOC 447.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENVS 480",
    "name": "Basic Toxicology",
    "description": "Same as CB 449, CPSC 433 and FSHN 480. See FSHN 480.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENVS 510",
    "name": "Adv Natural Resource Economics",
    "description": "Same as ACE 510, ECON 548, and NRES 510. See ACE 510.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENVS 514",
    "name": "Neurotoxicology",
    "description": "Same as CB 514 and PSYC 515. See CB 514.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENVS 516",
    "name": "Reprod & Dev Toxicology",
    "description": "Same as CB 516. See CB 516.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ENVS 596",
    "name": "Interdisciplinary Tox Sem",
    "description": "Same as PATH 596 and CB 596. See CB 596.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Various special topics. See class schedule for offerings. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same or separate terms as topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 201",
    "name": "Foundations of Education",
    "description": "Studies some of the problems of formulating and justifying aims and policies in American education, of designing and systematizing the curriculum, of organization and social context of the public school system, and of the teaching-learning process; examined in terms of perspectives provided by social philosophy, history, sociology, and philosophy of education.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 250",
    "name": "Experiences of US Minorities in Public Schools",
    "description": "This course provides a foundational approach to examining the diverse experiences of minority groups in the United States from the Colonial Era to the present. Particular attention is paid to how social constructions of race in US history dictated parameters around citizenship, immigration and the right to attend public schools. Racial and cultural identities are not examined in isolation, but in critical ways that gender, class, sexual identity and abilities have also informed processes of (mis)understandings in the classroom. Students are encouraged to reflect deeply on the topics as well as consider possibilities of addressing structural inequality in education as we enter a new demographic era where racial diversity will be the mainstay.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 325",
    "name": "Social Media and Global Change",
    "description": "Social media is a new frontier of politics, religion, commerce, courtship, and education. It has altered an array of social relations from statecraft to sex. The course draws on case studies from across the globe to explore the wide-ranging transformation taking place, from how people organize mass uprisings, to ways the mange the most intimate details of their lives. Examples will be taken from the Middle East, East Asia, Africa, Latin America, the US and Europe. Same as AFST 325, ASST 325, EPS 325, EURO 325, INFO 325, LAST 325, REES 325, and SAME 325.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 370",
    "name": "Effective Workplace Relations",
    "description": "Introduces the knowledge and skills required to be successful in today's globalized workplace through the study of human interactions, also known as human relations. Students learn about the various issues in contemporary society that affect human behavior, and theories and strategies to improve interactions with others. The course uses a variety of activities to facilitate student’s ability to understand the theories and apply strategies and techniques to ensure more effective human functioning in the workplace.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 380",
    "name": "Education and Social Justice",
    "description": "Introduces students to key definitions, theories, and practices of justice in education. Using a combination of philosophical and political theory-based analyses of the features of justice: fairness, equity, representation, responsibility, and difference, among others, readings invite students to consider how education and schooling can help to nurture democratic ties and equity.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 390",
    "name": "Undergraduate Advanced Seminar",
    "description": "Advanced undergraduate seminar that includes historical, philosophical, legal, and social science perspectives on education. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated to a maximum of 9 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 401",
    "name": "History of American Education",
    "description": "Development of American education in relation to political, social, and cultural developments; attention to the influence of movements in the cultural environment upon evolving conceptions of educational theory and practice. 3 undergraduate hours. 2 or 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 402",
    "name": "Asian American Education",
    "description": "Examination and analysis of Asian American education from the late 1800's to the present. Same as AAS 402. 4 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 403",
    "name": "Historical and Social Barriers",
    "description": "Examines the relationship between ability, race, class, and gender to citizenship and schooling. Particular emphasis is placed on how the construction of \"citizenship\" has been used as a tool to further deny equal participation in the public sphere such as schools. To that end, an application of historical understanding of social barriers to educational access is analyzed from the Colonial period to the present. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 404",
    "name": "History of American Indian Education",
    "description": "Same as AIS 481. See AIS 481.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 405",
    "name": "School and Society",
    "description": "Analyzes normative and conceptual aspects of the interrelationship of school and society, and of reciprocal influences between schools and major social trends and forces. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 406",
    "name": "Professional Ethics in Education",
    "description": "An introduction to professional ethics for educators: helps students reflect on the values embedded in educational aims, the norms regulating educational practice, and the dispositions displayed by excellent practitioners. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 407",
    "name": "Critical Thinking in Education",
    "description": "Examination of critical thinking dispositions and abilities as an approach to the foundations of knowledge and structure of thinking in subject-matter areas. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 408",
    "name": "Aesthetic Education",
    "description": "Theoretical introduction to the problems involved in teaching critical appreciation of the arts; examines materials from aesthetics, art history, and criticism for their relevance to the problems of aims, curriculum, organization, and teaching-learning. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 409",
    "name": "Sociology of Education",
    "description": "Education as a social process in various cultures and historical periods, emphasizing current systems in Westernized countries. 3 undergraduate hours. 2 or 4 graduate hours. Differential credit will be based on additional assignments and requirements as specified by instructor.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 410",
    "name": "Racial and Ethnic Families",
    "description": "Sociological examination of how gender, race, ethnicity, cultural diversity and class function in the development of diverse American families, which are important foundations of education. Primary attention will be given to African American and Hispanic families. Secondary attention will be given to Asian American, Native American and other racial and ethnic family groups. Same as AFRO 421 and HDFS 424. 3 undergraduate hours. 2 or 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 411",
    "name": "Race, Educational Policy, and Sociology",
    "description": "Same as SOC 426. See SOC 426.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 412",
    "name": "Politics of Education",
    "description": "Overview of the political structure and processes through which many of the major issues in education are treated; analyzes nature of the policymaking process in education and discusses the roles of principal participants in the process of educational decision making, but focuses on fundamental recurring issues in education and the ways these issues have been resolved or not resolved by the overall system. Particular attention to the role that both the federal and state judiciary as well as legislative authority have had in shaping educational policy. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 413",
    "name": "Economics of Education",
    "description": "Introduction to economic concepts and their application to education, including investment and consumption theories of education and the role of human capital in economic growth and development; cost-benefit analyses in education, education and the distribution of income, and manpower and educational planning. 3 undergraduate hours. 2 or 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 414",
    "name": "Anthropology of Education",
    "description": "This seminar considers how sociocultural anthropology has approached the study of education. Readings include ethnographies of schooling as well as works which consider how schooling is implicated in modernist projects of social improvement, the politics of cultural pluralism in nation states, and the spread of neoliberalism. Same as ANTH 425 and EPSY 466. 2 or 4 undergraduate hours. 2 or 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 420",
    "name": "Global Migration and Education",
    "description": "This course will integrate contemporary global and comparative perspectives on the study of migration and formal education at the preschool, primary and secondary (P-12) levels. Students will critically examine how institutions of education around the world are shaped by migration, as well as how migrant students and their families interface with educational institutions in resettlement contexts. Specific topics will include: policy responses, curricular approaches, language(s) of instruction, teacher and learner identities, and community-school dynamics. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 421",
    "name": "Education for Global Environmental Sustainability",
    "description": "Serves as an introduction to the field of Sustainability Education as an opportunity to promote social and environmental justice and \"sustainability\" in a globalized world. The course will cover a foundational understanding of the history, theoretical underpinnings, pedagogical approaches, and the practice of sustainability education, and related fields such as Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) and Environmental Education (EE), in terms of how they are conceptualized and implemented around the world. State and federal documents will be examined, as will global policy documents including UNESCO’s Education for Sustainable Development: A Roadmap, to better understand the purpose, design, and content of these fields and their impact on people, place, and planet. Meant to prompt curiosity and critical questioning about learning and instruction in formal and informal spaces. We will explore current definitions of sustainability, the role education plays in advancing a sustainable future, and how connections to place can promote stronger systems of education and justice. The course is organized thematically around topics such as the Rationale for Sustainability Education, Theories and Practices of Sustainability Education, Current Global and Local Policy Frameworks, and issues in Sustainability Education and Climate and Social Justice. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 470",
    "name": "Principles of Human Resource Education",
    "description": "Study of the basic concepts and practices of education for and about work: its philosophical foundations and historical development, mission and goals, structure and function, curricular areas of emphasis, learner audiences served and settings in which programs are conducted, and issues and trends affecting program change. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 471",
    "name": "Business Principles for Human Resource Development",
    "description": "Study of essential business understandings, knowledge, and skills required for HRD professionals to interact effectively with others in the business community. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 472",
    "name": "Instructional and Training System Design",
    "description": "Provides instruction and practice in the selection, organization, and preparation of content for instructional programs in business and technical settings. Provides students with a theoretical orientation to instructional design as well as the opportunity to experience the instructional design process as it applies to business and technical settings through the development of instructional materials. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 473",
    "name": "Facilitation Skills",
    "description": "Provides an in-depth examination into the body of research of effectively facilitating groups, including the nature of groups, the dynamics of individuals within groups, effective planning, role clarification, identification of intervention points in groups, and effective use of tools and techniques. The theoretical foundations for the course reside in theories of human values, group dynamics, decision-making, communication, managing conflicts, and effective group intervention. Course emphasis is on experiential learning, with students practicing self-reflection and self-directed facilitations. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 474",
    "name": "Diversity in the Workplace",
    "description": "Examines the ways in which \"diversity\" is conceived, defined and enacted within a range of workplace environments. This course provides a foundation to help students understand and develop the cross‐cultural competence necessary to work and lead effectively in today’s global workforce. This course is designed to provide evidence‐based insights, as well as proven individual, interpersonal, organization‐level strategies to harness the power of diversity and inclusion in teams, organizations, markets, and societies. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 475",
    "name": "Work Analysis",
    "description": "The ability to analyze work is a fundamental skill for individuals interested in human resource development. Work analysis is necessary for identifying job standards, designing training programs, performance support systems, evaluating work performance, and perhaps most importantly improving performance. This course will provide students with the opportunity to learn and use range of work analysis techniques and to apply this information in service to an organization. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 476",
    "name": "Project Management Principles and Applications",
    "description": "Effective project management skills are essential for successful professional development. This course, in particular, studies the basic principles, techniques, and best practices related to managing personnel, time, and resources in education and training projects. Through a variety of learning activities, including case study review and project simulation, students will apply project management concepts and tools in various training and education-related project development. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 477",
    "name": "Issues and Developments in Human Resource Development",
    "description": "Special course for experimentation or for seminar on topics not treated by regularly scheduled courses. Topics vary; consult Class Schedule for specific section offerings. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours. May be repeated to a maximum of 8 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 479",
    "name": "Machine Learning and Human Learning",
    "description": "Examines the differences between machine and human learning and the ways in which machines can complement human learning. It examines technical definitions of supervised and unsupervised machine learning, as well as broader views of mechanical intelligence able to replicate or exceed human intelligence. The course will also explore practical applications of learning analytics and artificial intelligence in learning management systems and other educational tools. 4 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 480",
    "name": "Technology and Educational Reform",
    "description": "Examines the normative and policy issues raised by the use of new information and communication technologies in education. The course is interdisciplinary, drawing from social and historical as well as philosophical perspectives on these issues. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 481",
    "name": "New Learning",
    "description": "Education is in a state of flux - transitioning from traditional architectures and practices to new ecologies of teaching and learning influenced by the tremendous social and technological change of our times. What changes are afoot today in workplaces, civic life and everyday community life? What are their implications for education? What are the possible impacts of contemporary social transformations on teaching and learning - including in the areas of technology, media, globalization, diversity, changing forms of work in the \"knowledge society\", and, in these contexts, changing learner needs and sensibilities? This course explores three pedagogical paradigms: \"didactic\", \"authentic\" and \"transformative\" learning. It takes a historical perspective in order to define the contemporary dimensions of what we term \"new learning\". It prepares participants to make purposeful choices and link particular theories/instructional approaches to individual and group learning goals. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 482",
    "name": "Design and Development of eLearning Systems",
    "description": "Helps students design and develop elearning systems across disciplines and organizations. The course provides knowledge and skills for students to design and develop a highly contextualized and engaging learning systems for individual learners, for organizations, and/or for contemporary technology-enabled environments. The guiding philosophy of the course is that intended learning outcomes by any learning system should be achieved through systematic, theory-based, pedagogically grounded design approaches and process while considering various individuals’ and organizations’ needs. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 483",
    "name": "Learning Technologies",
    "description": "Addresses two important needs of educators. First, educators should be aware of recent developments in the area of instructional technology. Second, educators must be able to select, develop, and effectively use appropriate instructional technologies to enhance learning and communication. To meet these needs, this course covers a wide range of instructional technologies that are used for instructional and administrative purposes. Traditional instructional media are considered in the course although significant emphasis is placed on more recent developments that involve the use of the computer and its applications in education. Instructional technologies such as computer-based instruction, computer-based testing, distance learning, interactive video, and intelligent instructional technologies are covered. Through course readings, discussions, and projects, students in the course are expected to gain skills in choosing appropriate instructional technologies, designing effective presentations that rely on those technologies, and properly using instructional technologies to enhance communication with an audience. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 485",
    "name": "Introduction to eLearning",
    "description": "Seeks to build foundational knowledge in areas associated with online teaching and learning and distance education in both higher education and workplace learning settings. Major areas of interest include the overview of online teaching and learning strategies, digital learning system design, digital media for learning, and evaluation online teaching and learning. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 486",
    "name": "New Media & Learner Differences",
    "description": "An investigation of the dimensions of learner diversity: material (class, locale), corporeal (age, race, sex and sexuality, and ability) and symbolic (culture, language, gender, family, affinity and persona). Examines social-cultural theories of difference, as well as considering alternative responses to these differences in educational settings - ranging from broad, institutional responses to specific pedagogical responses within classes of students. 4 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 490",
    "name": "Special Study and Investigation",
    "description": "Offers opportunity for an individual to study, on or off campus, selected problems, trends, and new developments in education or to conduct specialized investigations for the improvement of instructional programs. 2 to 4 undergraduate hours. 2 or 4 graduate hours. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 491",
    "name": "Supervised Internship",
    "description": "While employed in approved cooperating organizations, students observe the relationship between reform or innovations and organizational performance. 2 or 4 undergraduate hours. 2 or 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 502",
    "name": "Education in the 20th Century",
    "description": "Historical study of significant educational trends during the past sixty years, with special reference to their influence on American education; an analytical examination of the principal transition movements in the last decade of the nineteenth century and of efforts to solve the problems since 1900. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 504",
    "name": "Foundations of Sustainability Education",
    "description": "Students will examine environmental history from the nineteenth century through sustainability education in the twenty-first century. This course examines approaches to environmental history including nature study, conservation education, outdoor education, and place-based education. This course also examines how this history informs contemporary notions of sustainability education, the Anthropocene, and its intersections with environmental justice. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 506",
    "name": "Contemporary Philosophy of Education",
    "description": "Analyzes exemplary current work in the field, covering a range of contrasting philosophical issues and approaches. The course goal is to provide familiarity with notable contemporary authors from a variety of perspectives. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 510",
    "name": "Foundations of Aesthetic Education",
    "description": "Philosophical approach to the problems of teaching for appreciation in formal education; appraisal of the status of aesthetic education, its nature and function, and its relation to other types of education. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 512",
    "name": "Indigenous Knowledges and Education",
    "description": "Students will examine Indigenous epistemologies to provide students with Indigenous-led movements of relationality, revitalization, reclamation, and resistance within educational contexts. Key concepts are the study of Indigenous Knowledges primarily in the context of the United States with global connections to sovereignty, sacred sites, traditional ecological knowledge, gender relations and justice. This course situates Indigenous knowledge systems within connection to place and the settler colonization project. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 515",
    "name": "Introduction to Diversity & Equity",
    "description": "Designed to broaden and deepen students' reflective understanding of diversity and equity and promote a critical and analytical approach to research on relevant topics, as well as support the development of scholar-practitioners. While diversity is inclusive of social and economic status, gender, race, religion, sexuality, ethnicity, ability, and culture, the course is organized around intersectional identity formations as they continue to inform educational and workforce policies and practices. Throughout this course, students will examine the definitions, role, function and effects of diversity and equity in broadly defined educational structures. The dynamics of power and privilege impact the ways in which diversity and equity manifest, particularly via educational and social policies. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 516",
    "name": "Critical Race Theory and Education",
    "description": "Focuses on critical race theory as a critique of racism and the law in U.S. society and discusses its current applications to education policy and research in K-12 schooling and higher education. Also looks at how critical race theory can be used as a methodological lens for policy analysis and educational research. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 517",
    "name": "Race, Gender and Sexuality Issues",
    "description": "Examines contemporary theories of race, gender, class, and sexuality, as well as analyzing how their dynamics play out in U.S. public schooling and history. In an attempt to discuss a range of disciplinary and theoretical approaches to diversity, we will shift among historical, sociological, political, theoretical and pedagogical issues. Traces the place of diversity in forming notions of citizenship, community, identity, and political affiliation/alliance. While two extended examples will focus on the interplay of race, class, and gender in the school-based issues of drop out rates and gendered interactions in the classroom and playground, we will also consider contemporary theories of diversity in local and global contexts. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 518",
    "name": "Youth, Culture and Society",
    "description": "Same as AAS 539, and HDFS 539. See AAS 539.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 520",
    "name": "Education and Globalization",
    "description": "Analyses of the role and functions of education in social, political, and economic development, with particular reference to the new and the developing countries. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 521",
    "name": "Globalizing Educational Policy",
    "description": "Dynamics associated with globalization are now fully articulated to modern schooling and the social and cultural environments in which both school youth and educators operate. This course will reconsider the boundaries of educational policy and practice beyond the mainstream emphasis on subject matter specialization, as educators more fully engage with the complex range of experiences, images, and practices that now compel modern school youth and affect their articulation of needs, interests and desires. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 522",
    "name": "Globalization of Higher Education",
    "description": "Focuses on the rapid changes happening in the Higher Education around the world. Using case studies, we will examine a variety of issues that have come about as the Higher Education system responds to rapid changes in the global economy. These include issues of access and equity; accountability; finance; privatization and for-profit institutions; curricular responses to the changing realities of knowledge and knowledge production; and issues of internationalization within these changing contexts. We will also look at future trends in higher education within the US and internationally. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 523",
    "name": "Global Issues in Learning",
    "description": "Investigates how culture has been taken up in theories that try to explain differences in educational outcomes between nations, within classrooms, and across schools. Through readings drawn from cultural psychology, but also including sociology, anthropology, and education, students will examine how globalization has shaped the discourse about the relationships between culture, learning, and academic achievement. Same as EPSY 553. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 524",
    "name": "Education and Human Rights",
    "description": "Introduces students to varieties of definitions of citizenship - ranging from nation-specific practices and obligations to human rights-based global citizenship - and their relationship to globalized education and public problem solving. Readings include canonical texts on political organization and responsibilities as well as contemporary theories discussing transnational, global, and cosmopolitan citizenship. Also covers the challenges and promises of diversity, statelessness and non-citizenship participation, particularly in educational concerns but also more broadly. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 525",
    "name": "Global Youth and Citizenship",
    "description": "Discusses youth and citizenship in a global context. Covers the social construction of children and youth, the sociology of global generations, education and social media, and new youth movements in the digital age. Draws on a diversity of case studies from North America, the Middle East and North Africa, sub-Saharan Africa, Europe and Latin America. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 526",
    "name": "Education and Power in Middle East",
    "description": "Survey of education in Middle East and North Africa from the nineteenth century to the present. Course deals with education in relation to colonialism, nationalism, economic development, imperialism, war and geopolitics, youth politics, Islam, and Arab uprisings. Takes a multidisciplinary perspective that draws on social history, anthropology, sociology, political economy, gender studies and international development. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 528",
    "name": "Researching Global Education",
    "description": "Introduces education research methodology and consider the cultural, political and ethical implications of engaging in education research in cross-cultural, global contexts. Students will learn to select an appropriate topic for research, effectively navigate and use an academic research library, conduct a literature review, and craft a literature review portion of a larger research project. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 530",
    "name": "Educational Politics and Policies",
    "description": "Examines the legislative and political processes in the formulation of current federal and state educational policies, together with the evaluation of policy and the formulation of policy alternatives. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 531",
    "name": "Diversity, Leadership & Policy",
    "description": "Intended to provide students with an opportunity to study both historical and contemporary perspectives on leadership and policy in diverse contexts and to prompt reflection on their own practice. As students read, discuss, reflect on, and critique a variety of perspectives and topics such as race, class, power, cultural leadership, policy, change, diversity, and building community, they will consider how the literature informs the development of a personal philosophy of education leadership, takes into consideration moral and ethical issues, the implementation of educational policy, the purposes and nature of the task, and the complexity and diversity of educational contexts. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 534",
    "name": "Assessment for Learning",
    "description": "For several decades now, assessment has become an increasingly pressing education priority. Teacher and school accountability systems have come to be based on analysis of large-scale, standardized summative assessments. As a consequence, assessment now dominates most conversations about reform, particularly as a measure of teacher and school accountability for learner performance. Behind the often heated and at times ideologically gridlocked debates is a genuine challenge to address gaps in achievement between different demographically identifiable groups of students. There is an urgent need to lift whole communities and cohorts of students out of cycles of underachievement. For better or for worse, testing and public reporting of achievement is seen to be one of the few tools capable of clearly informing public policy makers and communities alike about how their resources are being used to expand the life opportunities for their children. This course is an overview of current debates about testing, and analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of a variety of approaches to assessment. The course also focuses on the use of assessment technologies in learning. It will explore recent advances in computer adaptive and diagnostic testing, the use of natural language processing technologies in assessments, and embedded formative assessments in digital and online curricula. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 535",
    "name": "Introduction to Educational Leadership",
    "description": "Multiple perspectives for understanding theory and practice in the governance and operation of complex organizations in P-12 school systems. Focusses on leadership development and the changing role of the school leader in leading learning-focused schools dedicated to significant and continuous growth for every student. Same as EOL 540. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 536",
    "name": "Leading School Improvement",
    "description": "Study of major ideas on school improvement, past and present, and of emerging research on the condition of public education in the United States. In-depth examination of reform proposals for changing the organization of schools, the instructional program, and the roles of students, teachers, and school administrators. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 538",
    "name": "Supervision of Learning Environments",
    "description": "Methods, theories, and research applying to the supervision and evaluation of classroom practices in learning-centered schools; includes analysis and application of research in effective teaching practices, formative assessment and summative evaluation, data collection techniques, and professional development. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 541",
    "name": "Leading Improvement and Innovation",
    "description": "In-depth examination of leadership competencies and skills required for the public school superintendent to successfully lead, innovate, and manage complex educational organizations. Analysis of research and evidenced-based practices that focus on learning, building organizational capacity, strategic design, and ensuring equity and excellence for all learners. Emphasis placed on preparing individuals to effectively lead socially just organizations that ensure high quality learning. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 542",
    "name": "Public School Finance",
    "description": "Study of financing public education systems in the United States; focuses on the social, economic, political, legal, and technical dimensions of developing school finance policy for federal, state, and local governments; relates theory and research in public school finance to administrative practice in budgeting and financial administration. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 543",
    "name": "Educational Leadership and Professional Development",
    "description": "Study of major issues on educational leadership and professional development. Examination of research, theories, and practices pertaining to: professional development purposes, content, context, policies, and processes; fostering and sustaining quality professional development; and the roles of teachers, school administrators and policy analysts. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 544",
    "name": "Organizational Theory for Educational Leaders",
    "description": "Study of theoretical perspectives and empirical research drawn from the social sciences relating to educational organizations and administrative leadership with an emphasis on application of theory to practice. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 546",
    "name": "Law and School District Leader",
    "description": "Advanced study of public school law, addressing legal and fiscal policy issues related to effective management of public school districts. In-depth analysis of federal and state statutes, with an emphasis on recent court decisions and legal trends; emphasizes development of legal analytical skills. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 547",
    "name": "District Change for Equity and Social Justice",
    "description": "Critical examination of democratic principles of education, especially as it pertains to equity and social justice. Addresses the fundamental question of \"Who gets access to the fundamental right of education and how?\" Application of theories and concepts to the role of district leaders in implementing socially just educational settings. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 548",
    "name": "Human Resource Management at the School District Level",
    "description": "Principles, problems, and trends in the administration of professional public school personnel; organization of personnel; the legal framework of the personnel function; selection, evaluation and development of staff; collective bargaining, contract administration and personnel policy; and the personnel administrator's role as a catalyst for school improvement. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 549",
    "name": "School District Financial Management",
    "description": "Analysis of how public schools are managed, including the theory and managerial practices necessary to oversee the functioning of a school district; study of the integration of managerial issues with attendant conditions of school board functioning, priority and educational goal-setting, taxation, capital outlay, debt management, and contractual implementation. Emphasis placed on principles and practices relating to public school financial management, including budgeting and accounting systems. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 551",
    "name": "Organization of Higher Education",
    "description": "Examination of American higher education both as a system and as a field of study. Includes consideration of organizational patterns, stakeholders, governance, and the purposes of higher education. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 552",
    "name": "Foundation of Higher Education",
    "description": "Examination of the development of American higher education, including the evolution of its forms, purposes, practices, leadership, and constituents. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 554",
    "name": "College Teaching",
    "description": "Scholarly approach to curriculum and pedagogy at the college level: instructional methods, active and cooperative learning, technology-enhanced teaching, evaluation and assessment, faculty roles and responsibilities. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 555",
    "name": "Higher Education Finance",
    "description": "Explores the foundations of higher education finance by analyzing key theories, structures, and challenges of college and university financing. Students will examine readings, present papers and actively participate in class discussions, so as to better comprehend the financial complexities dictating current institutional policies and practices. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 556",
    "name": "Access to Higher Education",
    "description": "Explores current practices, conditions, and policies shaping access to college at the undergraduate level. The course is based in a sociological approach to understanding conditions of access to higher education. Provides an opportunity to examine and discuss current research on class, race, gender, institutional policy, and individual factors that are known to impact participation in higher education. Particular attention is given to stratification in higher education including but not limited to: the historical and legal context of access; points of access; pathways to higher education; and the effects of various policies and programs. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 557",
    "name": "Education and Stratification",
    "description": "Examines the varied and complex interplay between social stratification and education. Through readings covering the theoretical work on stratification and education, students will examine a variety of social inequalities, focusing mainly on educational inequalities. With an emphasis on substantive and methodological critique of empirical works on education and stratification, this course is appropriate for any graduate student interested in the topic of educational inequalities and methodological issues relevant to research on this topic. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 558",
    "name": "The Community College",
    "description": "Community and technical colleges; their purposes, function, and objectives; social forces related to their development and evaluation; characteristics and needs of students; educational programs and teaching strategies; and organization, control, and financing. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 559",
    "name": "Higher Education Law",
    "description": "Provides graduate students with core knowledge of the law affecting the administration of colleges and universities. Students become versed in legal issues to enhance administrative effectiveness and to address legal issues that confront the administrator in the operation of an institution of higher education. Importantly, the course does not aspire to invest the student with legal knowledge sufficient to operate without advice of professional legal counsel. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 560",
    "name": "Student Affairs Administration",
    "description": "Theory, research, and practice of student affairs administration, including philosophical foundations, management, professional development and organizational issues. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 561",
    "name": "Changing College Curriculum",
    "description": "Examines the historical roots, contemporary controversies, current trends, and possible futures of the curriculum in American postsecondary education. It is a graduate seminar built on small group discussions and conversations about important literature on the changing college curriculum. Increases student understanding of historical and contemporary curricular issues in higher education with the additional goal of fostering the consideration of the possibilities of challenges to enacting curricular change. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 562",
    "name": "Diversity in Higher Education",
    "description": "Explores critical topics and issues related to diversity in higher education, including race/ethnicity, class, and gender. Covers current research that explores diversity in higher education, institutional diversity policies and organizational behaviors, campus constituents, and the role of external groups. The course consists of reading, in-class discussion, group exercise, and completing a research project that is of interest to the student. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 563",
    "name": "The College Student",
    "description": "Study of the characteristics and development of college students, the institutional contexts in which they operate, and the interaction of students with the college environment. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 564",
    "name": "College Student Development",
    "description": "Provides students with an understanding of theories and research involving the cognitive, intrapersonal and interpersonal development of college students. Special attention is paid to the application of student development research in educational settings and the intentional creation of educational environments along developmental principles. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 565",
    "name": "Critical Issues in Higher Education",
    "description": "The examination of critical trends that impact higher education from various perspectives, including legal, organizational, and political. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 8 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 566",
    "name": "Public Policy in Higher Education",
    "description": "Intended primarily for doctoral students in higher education, this course will enable students to analyze contemporary public policy issues confronting American higher education. Selected policy issues will be probed in depth, drawing upon scholarly sources and public reports. Students will comprehend the interaction and tension among higher education leaders, and local, state, and federal policymakers. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 570",
    "name": "Organization Development",
    "description": "Addresses the history, concepts, theories, and techniques of Organization Development as applied in Human Resource Education; emphasis on creating, managing, and sustaining system-wide change in public and private organizations; organized around diagnosis, implementation, and evaluation of individual, team, and organization-wide interventions. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 571",
    "name": "Advanced Theories in Human Resource Development",
    "description": "Provides a reading of advanced texts related to Human Resource Development from a variety of applied social science disciplines. Targeted towards doctoral students in the later stage of their course work who are interested in HRE theory and social science foundations. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 572",
    "name": "Quality Process Improvement",
    "description": "Examines quality and process improvement philosophies, theories, and strategies as they apply to the practice of professionals in human resource education. Based on a critical analysis of the historical antecedents, theoretical foundations, and empirical research results of Total Quality Management (TQM) and Continuous Process Improvement (CPI), students will be able to apply improvement strategies and evaluate the merits and limitations in public and private settings. Same as . 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 573",
    "name": "Strategic Human Resource Development",
    "description": "Study of the theories, research, and applications of strategic human resource development in a variety of organizational settings. 2 or 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 574",
    "name": "Management of Human Resource Development",
    "description": "Study of management fundamentals related to planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and controlling the HRD function in organizations. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 576",
    "name": "Consulting in Human Resource Development",
    "description": "Analysis of key elements of consulting in the human resource development profession. Emphasis is placed on subject matter expertise, consulting skills, marketing, organization, business management, communication, and life/work balance. The course examines both the internal and external consulting practices. Issues of education and training of consultants for work in industry, business, government, and non-profit sectors are covered in detail. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 577",
    "name": "International Human Resource Development",
    "description": "Course is designed to provide insights into international HRD at macro and micro levels. Course will cover: cross-cultural issues in international HRD; design and delivery of international HRD programs; HRD practices and programs in different regions of the world; national HRD programs; expatriate training and training in multinational corporations. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 578",
    "name": "Learning on the Job",
    "description": "Research and practice suggest that individuals learn most of what they know and can do while on-the-job, not in a corporate classroom or some other formal learning setting. This seminar will provide opportunity to examine the literature on this topic and consider how they also might contribute to the literature through their own research. The seminar will also provide the opportunity to experience how to design a workplace learning system, such as structured on-the-job training. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 579",
    "name": "Adult and Professional Education",
    "description": "Same as HRD 550. See HRD 550.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 580",
    "name": "Ubiquitous Learning",
    "description": "Explores the dynamics of learning using mobile computing devices, broadly defined to range from mobile phones, tablets and laptops to interesting new possibilities raised by emerging technologies such as wearable devices and a potentially pervasive \"internet of things\". Our journey will take us through museums, galleries and parks - real and virtual. We will visit new media and gaming spaces in which either incidental or explicit learning is taking place. We will look at sites of informal as well as formal learning - extraordinary classrooms offering blended learning opportunities, as well as new forms and modes of out-of-school and self-directed learning. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 581",
    "name": "Knowledge, Learning and Pedagogy",
    "description": "Investigates a variety of pedagogical paradigms, including didactic, authentic and critical pedagogies. Develops the concept of a pedagogical repertoire, as a way of interpreting the ways in which learners engage in a variety of \"knowledge processes\" or task types. The course focuses on approaches to literacy teaching and learning, but course participants can address parallel examples from other discipline areas and across all levels of education. As a counterpoint, it also reflects on the practicalities of learning knowledge-making in informal as well as consciously designed learning environments. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 582",
    "name": "New Media and Literacies",
    "description": "Introduces the 'Multiliteracies' theory of literacy learning, recognizing that contemporary communications are increasingly multimodal, connecting written text with oral, visual, gestural, tactile and spatial modes. The course will explore current trends in literacy instruction, not only in language arts or composition classes, but academic literacies across all curriculum areas and all levels of learning. This reflects an expansive view of literacy in which reading and writing includes media objects such as video, datasets, and infographics. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 583",
    "name": "eLearning Ecologies",
    "description": "An examination of emerging environments of eLearning, some setting out to emulate the heritage social relationships and discourses of the classroom, others attempting to create new forms of learning. Aims to push the imaginative boundaries of what might be possible in eLearning environments. Explores the ways in which assessments can be constructed and implemented which are integral to the learning process, with the assistance of today's new media, 'big data' and other information technologies. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 584",
    "name": "Innovation in Designing and Developing Learning Systems and Technology Enabled and Enriched Learning",
    "description": "Provides students with experience and resources on ongoing innovation in learning systems and digital technologies that can be used to design, develop, and deliver content and learning experiences in various learning and development contexts. Students will critically review ongoing innovation in various learning systems, which can be situated in face-to-face settings and technology-enriched and -enabled learning environments (TEELE). The course includes two areas of innovation: Learning system design and learning system development. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 590",
    "name": "Advanced Graduate Seminar",
    "description": "Seminar in educational policy studies; sections offered in the following fields: (a) history of education; (b) philosophy of education; (c) comparative education; (d) social foundations of education; (e) philosophy of educational research; and (f) historical methods in education. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated in the same and separate semesters to a maximum of 12 hours, if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 591",
    "name": "Thesis Seminar",
    "description": "Designed to take students through the entire process of proposal development, this course is intended for masters or doctoral students who are ready to prepare a thesis or dissertation proposal. Students will learn to use a systematic and comprehensive approach to develop the research proposal and how each step in the research process is related. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for Letter and S/U grading.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 595",
    "name": "Independent Study",
    "description": "Offers opportunity and challenge of self-directive, independent study; develops the individual's ability as an independent student and enables the student to pursue needed study in a field in which appropriate courses are not being offered during a given term. 1 to 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated with approval.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 596",
    "name": "Capstone Experience I & II",
    "description": "Part I is the design of a research study (capstone project) that integrates literature covered in the degree program leading to a research question to be explored empirically. It includes literature review, problem statement, research design, methodology, identifying participants, IRB review and a final proposal paper. Students are expected to collect data for their study (project) between Parts I and II. Part II topics include data analysis, interpretation, discussion, implications, dissemination of findings, and future research. Leads to a final research (capstone) paper that synthesizes work from Part I and adds to it through data analysis, discussion of findings, implications, and ways to disseminate findings to relevant audiences. 2 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 4 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPOL 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Individual direction of research and thesis writing. 0 to 16 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated with approval.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Approved for both letter and S/U grading. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 200",
    "name": "Honors Symposium in Education",
    "description": "Course affords students an opportunity to consider important topics impacting current educational practices. Students select six scholarly presentations from an approved list. The presentations are delivered by outstanding visiting and resident scholars in education and related disciplines. Three times during the term, students gather to consider the issues raised by the presentations. Course expectations include: attending six presentations, attending the three course discussion meetings, reading the course text and selected publications, and developing written reflections based on presentations attended. May be repeated to a maximum of 8 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 201",
    "name": "Educational Psychology",
    "description": "Explores fundamental issues of development, learning, instruction, and assessment. This course articulates how people learn, how they are influenced by cultural and social contexts, how to assess learning and its outcomes, and how best to teach and motivate people to achieve. Educational psychologists improve learning in a broad range of settings: homes, classrooms, work environments, and communities.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 202",
    "name": "Exploring Cultural Diversity",
    "description": "Introduction to cultural diversity and social justice issues through interdisciplinary readings, discussion, and experiential activities. The course involves a 1-hour lecture and 2-hour lab/discussion section each week. The lecture focus is on raising awareness of key issues, concerns and concepts, providing accurate information on diverse groups, and relating theories and models to critical incidents of social oppression in everyday life. The lab/discussion sections follow a group dialogue and experiential activity format, and focus on relating the readings and lecture material to personal experiences and active learning activities.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 220",
    "name": "Career Theory and Practice",
    "description": "Various behavioral science theories will be covered (e.g., person-environment interaction, decision-making, group dynamics, stereotype threat, personality traits). Discussions of research findings to applied career practices will also be included. Students will develop a working-knowledge of these theories through interactive lectures, guided class discussions, case-based readings, and group activities that require them to think critically and flexibly about theory in order to generate solutions for real-world problems. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. On request, students will be required to participate in a total of 6 hours of experiments outside of class.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 222",
    "name": "Language & Culture of Deaf Communities",
    "description": "Same as SHS 222. See SHS 222.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 405",
    "name": "Personality and Soc Dev",
    "description": "Same as PSYC 465. See PSYC 465.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 408",
    "name": "Learning and Human Development with Educational Technology",
    "description": "Sets out to provide an understanding of theories of learning and development and how these theories relate to educational technology. It has two components. The first is theoretical, in which we attempt to develop an overall frame of reference, locating approaches to the psychology of learning in terms of large paradigm shifts, from 'behaviorism' to 'brain developmentalism' to 'social cognitivism'. The second component is practical, in which we will use these theoretical concepts to 'parse' a technology-mediated learning environment for its underlying presuppositions. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 427",
    "name": "Learning from Text",
    "description": "This course will survey the range of topics related to how we learn from text, i.e., from reading. The course will focus on reading in education settings and approaches to improving reading comprehension. Students will read secondary and primary literature and have opportunities to critique, discuss, and present the findings of this research. Topics discussed will include: eye movements during reading, grammatical structures and discourse conventions of texts that support comprehension, and how comprehension and memory for text can be measured. Assignments will include written reviews of texts and topics. Students taking the course for 4 graduate hours will also plan and present a proposed empirical study related to some topic within the course. 3 undergraduate hours. 2 or 4 graduate hours. Credit is not given for EPSY 427 if credit has been received for either PSYC 425 or LING 425.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 430",
    "name": "Early Adolescent Development",
    "description": "Examines early adolescent development, covering biological, cognitive, and social transitions. Topics include identity, autonomy, peer and family relationships and the role of schooling and the media. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 or 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 431",
    "name": "Cognitive Development in Educational Context",
    "description": "The purpose of this course is to cover basic issues in cognitive development, review relevant research findings, and to situate these and understand these in educational contexts. Most of our attention will focus on child and adolescent development. We will address questions such as: How do children learn new concepts? How do changes in children's thinking occur? How can we use what we know to produce positive impacts on children's learning and well-being? 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 460",
    "name": "Black Families in Schools",
    "description": "This course examines the experiences of Black families in K-12 schools. Historical, social, and contextual factors influencing these experiences will be considered. Topics such as racial identity, racial socialization, parent engagement in schools, parent-child relationships, critical consciousness, and how they relate to school experiences will be covered. The aim of this course is to think critically about education as a social institution, how it relates to Black families’ experiences, and how race plays a factor. Same as HDFS 460. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 466",
    "name": "Anthropology of Education",
    "description": "Same as ANTH 425, EPOL 414. See EPOL 414.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 470",
    "name": "Introduction to Evaluation Theory",
    "description": "Introduction to the major conceptual constructs and theories of evaluation; emphasis on the critical defining components of evaluation, particularly its role in program and policy development, and on critical distinctions among evaluation theories; provides grounding for further study of both evaluation theory and methods. 4 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 480",
    "name": "Educational Statistics",
    "description": "Designed for terminal value for professional training of students not intending to pursue advanced graduate work, and for introductory value for students continuing graduate study in education; descriptive statistics, introduction to correlation and regression, the normal curve, statistical inference, and the presentation and interpretation of statistical data in educational literature. 4 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 487",
    "name": "Principles of Language Testing",
    "description": "Same as EIL 460, FR 460, GER 460, ITAL 460, PORT 460, and SPAN 460. See EIL 460.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 490",
    "name": "Developments in Educational Psychology",
    "description": "Foundational theories and practices of educational psychology, including learning and development. 2 or 3 undergraduate hours. 2 or 4 graduate hours. Approved for letter and S/U grading. May be repeated to a maximum of 8 hours. Undergraduate and graduate work load will be commensurate with the requirements.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 501",
    "name": "Evaluation in Society",
    "description": "Examines evaluation as a social practice, explains various approaches to evaluation both nationally and internationally, and explores how evaluation is linked to policy and decision making. Students will read about and discuss both foundational and contemporary issues in evaluation practice and theory as they relate to the use of evaluation in improving both practice and policy decisions. For graduate students in education, public policy, social work, community health, and other related fields.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 505",
    "name": "Data, Evidence, & Decisions",
    "description": "Examines how practitioners and policy makers come to interpret sources of evidence; how the use of data, information, and evidence are shaped by organizational structures, routines, and cultures; how technical infrastructures have emerged to enable the collection, distribution, consolidation, and use of data, information, and evidence; the political economy of generated and using evidence (e.g., university research, think tanks, advocacy organizations, etc.). This multidisciplinary course is situated against the broad backdrop of the social science literature on social scientific knowledge production and use, and the relationship between science and society.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 508",
    "name": "Display/Interpretation of Data",
    "description": "Provides instruction in representing and communicating data accurately and clearly using visual displays (e.g., graphs, tables and figures). Examines the most appropriate ways to visually display the results of data analyses so that they are clear, accurate and unambiguous. Drawing on both contemporary techniques and publication standards, it will address topics including audience, context, precision, visual metaphor, data display tools and best practices.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 510",
    "name": "Counseling Psych/Ethics ProSem",
    "description": "Introduction to and critical examination of applied issues within the discipline of counseling psychology. A review of (a) the historical development of counseling psychology, (b) psychologists' professional code of ethics, and (c) major psychotherapy theories and interventions. Issues of race, class, gender, and diversity more broadly are integrated throughout the course.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 515",
    "name": "Multicultural Counseling",
    "description": "Overview of multicultural counseling theory, empirical research, and practice; includes didactic as well as experiential learning components.  The goal of the course is to enhance students' multicultural counseling competencies, with regard to developing: (a) appropriate knowledge of specific cultural groups and sociopolitical issues, (b) cultural self-awareness, and (c) multiculturally relevant intervention skills. May not be repeated for credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 530",
    "name": "Social Development",
    "description": "This seminar is an advanced, doctoral-level survey of social development from infancy to adolescence.  The range of topics includes attachment, temperament, genes and developmental process, social contexts of cognitive development gender development, moral reasoning and prosocial behavior, aggressive behavior, and the development of ethnic identity and discrimination. Family, peer, community, and cultural ecologies of children and adolescents receive extensive consideration. Developmental theory, methodology, and relations to social policy and intervention are continuing concerns. Same as PSYC 540.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 546",
    "name": "Human Factors in Health Care Engineering Systems",
    "description": "Same as IE 546. See IE 546.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 550",
    "name": "Methods of Educational Inquiry",
    "description": "Same as CI 550, ERAM 550, and SPED 550. See CI 550.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 551",
    "name": "Seminar in Cognitive Science",
    "description": "Same as PSYC 514, ANTH 514, CS 549, LING 570, and PHIL 514. See PSYC 514.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 553",
    "name": "Global Issues in Learning",
    "description": "Same as EPOL 523. See EPOL 523.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 555",
    "name": "Advanced Educational Technologies for Engagement and Interactive Learning",
    "description": "This course examines technologies that seek to promote and sustain engagement in learning, both in formal and informal settings. Topics covered include educational games, artificial intelligence, virtual environments, mobile devices, affective computing, pedagogical agents, narrative learning environments, and more. A highly interdisciplinary approach is taken by blending theory and evidence from psychology and education with discussions of technological advances. Students in the class will be expected to work in teams to design and implement a prototype for a problem of their own choosing. Same as CI 555 and INFO 555. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 556",
    "name": "Analysis of Educational Technologies",
    "description": "This course will analyze currently available technologies for learning. Areas addressed include: learning management systems, intelligent tutors, computer adaptive testing, gamification, simulations, learning in and through social media and peer interaction, universal design for learning, differentiated instruction systems, big data and learning analytics, attention monitoring, and affect-aware systems. Participants will explore the processes for selection and implementation of suitable technologies, the design  of electronic learning resources, design and application of digital media in teaching and learning, familiarization with web usually and accessibility, and critical analysis of the benefits of technologies in education. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 559",
    "name": "Advanced Learning Technologies",
    "description": "In this course participants identify and justify the implementation of advanced learning technologies in the overall environment of learning. They investigate the ways in which advanced technologies influence the design process and how the design process may be enhanced. Areas addressed include: learning management systems, intelligent tutors, computer adaptive testing, gamification, simulations, learning in and through social media and peer interaction, universal design for learning, differentiated instruction systems, big data and learning analytics, attention monitoring, and affect-aware systems. Participants will explore the processes for selection and implementation of suitable technologies, the design of electronic learning resources, design and application of digital media in teaching and learning, familiarization with web usability and accessibility, and critical analysis of the benefits of technologies in education. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 560",
    "name": "Technology and Educational Change",
    "description": "Today's wave of educational technologies foreshadow what may be a second great education revolution, after the rise of mass-institutional education in the nineteenth century. This has the potential to transform the characteristic communication artifacts of classrooms, teacher lecture, classroom discourse and textbooks. This course explores the possibilities for educational technologies to influence educational change. However, with a critical eye, we also raise the concerns - we can use digital media to prolong the life of old ways of learning, for instance, where the video-lecturing teacher, the monovocal e-textbook or the bullet-pointed PowerPoint presentation transmit facts and concepts. How can we use the affordances of networked digital media to do something different? Can we imagine learning where the knowledge that learners bring to the table is valued, where learners' knowledge repertoires are extended as they actively make new knowledge, and which build collaborative knowledge cultures? 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 563",
    "name": "Theories in Second Language Acquisition",
    "description": "Same as CI 584, EALC 584, FR 584, GER 584, ITAL 584, LING 584, PORT 584, and SPAN 584. See SPAN 584.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 566",
    "name": "Adv Psycholinguistics",
    "description": "Same as PSYC 526. See PSYC 526.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 567",
    "name": "Personality Assessment",
    "description": "Same as PSYC 567. See PSYC 567.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 572",
    "name": "Evaluation of Educational Programs",
    "description": "Same as CI 518. See CI 518.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 577",
    "name": "Foundations of Qualitative Methods",
    "description": "Introduction to epistemological, methodological, ethical, and political issues characterizing the broad field of qualitative inquiry. Topics covered include an overview of logical positivism and logical empiricism; the Continental philosophers' critique of scientism and the emergence of hermeneutics; sociological theories of Verstehen; interpretive anthropology; feminist qualitative inquiry; social constructionism; contemporary crises of ethics, representation, and justification.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 578",
    "name": "Qualitative Inquiry Methods",
    "description": "Introductory course addressing the practice of qualitative inquiry. Topics include developing inquiry questions appropriate for qualitative studies; designing qualitative studies; generating data via interviews, observations, document analyses; analyzing and interpreting qualitative data; judging the quality of inquiry; representing and reporting qualitative inquiry; addressing ethical and political issues in the conduct of qualitative inquiry.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 583",
    "name": "Single Case Experimental Design",
    "description": "Same as SPED 583. See SPED 583.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 584",
    "name": "Multivar Anlys in Psych and Ed",
    "description": "Same as PSYC 594 and SOC 584. See PSYC 594.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 588",
    "name": "Covar Struct and Factor Models",
    "description": "Same as PSYC 588, SOC 588, and STAT 588. See PSYC 588.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EPSY 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Individual direction of research and thesis writing. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ERAM 510",
    "name": "Uses and Abuses of Educational Research",
    "description": "Aims at comprehensive research literacy by considering educational research in historical, philosophical, policy and political context. Through close reading and quantitative, qualitative, and humanistic studies, the discussion of interdisciplinary perspectives on the research process, students learn to engage intelligently with multiple modes of research and deal critically with policies claiming an evidentiary warrant. Specific topics include: the relationship between research, policy, and practice; the nature of theory and method, argument and evidence in the humanities and social sciences; the tensions between advocacy and research. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ERAM 515",
    "name": "Social Theories and Education",
    "description": "Examines philosophical issues in social and political theory as they pertain to educational problems. The course includes topics such as autonomy, democratic education, educational reform, and social change. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ERAM 520",
    "name": "Researching Race in Education",
    "description": "Focuses on the methods and methodology that education researchers engage to research educational equity as it relates to race, racism and racial equity in education. Drawing on the research methods literature in the social sciences, humanities and education, this course is appropriate for graduate students in education, sociology, anthropology, and others who have an interest in research methods, methodology and educational issues. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ERAM 550",
    "name": "Methods of Educational Inquiry",
    "description": "Same as CI 550, EPSY 550, and SPED 550. See CI 550.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ERAM 551",
    "name": "Philosophy and History of Educational Research",
    "description": "Addresses the historical context of educational research as well as philosophical issues in the foundations of research. Themes include: the efforts of educational research to be respected as a \"science\"; the rise of educational psychology as a dominant model of educational research; the checkered history of IQ testing; the role of theory in educational research, and how we choose a theory; the debate over quantitative vs qualitative research, and why that is the wrong debate. The readings for the course do not assume any previous background with philosophy. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ERAM 552",
    "name": "The Role of Theory in Educational Research",
    "description": "All research is guided by theory. Theory provides a vocabulary, a set of laws or generalizations, a background literature, and a conceptual framework for any effort to plan, design, and execute a research study. There is no theory-free inquiry. This is true in the social sciences as well as the natural sciences. All research seeks to explain phenomena: a theory provides an explanation for those explanations. However, these theoretical assumptions are often implicit and unreflective. Researchers may think they have no theory, or have a theory that is so taken for granted that they don’t recognize it as an assumed theory. Much of educational research suffers from this lack of theoretical self-awareness. Like any other aspect of research, theories are falsifiable. They must stand the test of evidence – which may go against them. The goal of the class is not to identify the \"right\" or \"best\" theory, but to make the identification and selection of a theory more critical and reflective. Any major theory has insights, and each has limitations. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ERAM 554",
    "name": "Postcolonial Theory and Methodology",
    "description": "Since the 1990s, scholarship focusing on center-periphery relations has grown considerably. This scholarship is often identified with postcolonial theories of education and society. The purpose of this course is to acquaint students with this body of literature that addresses the way in which post-independent states are currently engaged in massive institutional transformations in light of globalization. Ultimately, we will explore the theoretical and methodological traditions foregrounded in postcolonial research and their implications for educational policy. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ERAM 555",
    "name": "Ethnographic Methods in Education",
    "description": "Focuses on goals, nature, and methodological means of ethnographic research in educational settings broadly defined. Such research aims to describe and, moreover, to understand the ways of living of teachers, students, administrators, parents, and other participants in relevant social spaces. The class will be grounded in the disciplinary perspectives of cultural anthropology, linguistic anthropology, and cultural studies. We will have an ongoing discussion of how one conducts ethnographic research, and all members of the class will conduct their own mini-study. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ERAM 556",
    "name": "Program Evaluation",
    "description": "Examines models and methods of evaluating programs, processes, and products in broadly-defined organizations situated in various operational contexts (eg., education, business, government, NGO). Particular emphasis is given to topics of formative and summative evaluation, frameworks for program evaluation, quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection and analysis, communicating and reporting evaluation findings, and the ethics and standards of evaluation practice. The underlying philosophy of the course is that evaluation can be the catalyst for organizational learning to facilitate intended changes, especially when initiated by those in training and organization development positions. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ERAM 557",
    "name": "Meaning Patterns: Semiotics and the Interpretation of Meanings in Education and the Social Sciences",
    "description": "Addresses the ways in which knowledge is represented, with special reference to the knowledge representations of teachers and learners. Its interdisciplinary bases are functional linguistics, semiotics, philosophy, history of ideas, media/communication studies, and ontology in computer science. The focal point of the course is the five questions about meaning posed by Cope and Kalantzis in their transpositional grammar: \"what is this about?\" (reference); \"who or what is doing this?\" (agency); \"what holds this together?\" (structure); \"how does this fit with its surroundings?\" (context); and \"what is this for?\" (interest). Along these lines of inquiry, a transpositional grammar addresses language, image, embodied action, object and space. \"Transposition\" refers to the movement across these various forms of meaning, intensified in the era of pervasively multimodal, digitally-mediated communications. Applied to education, not only does this provide a valuable heuristic to reframe literacy teaching and learning (the original impulse for the development of this grammar). It also offers an integrated account of meaning-to-learn across all subject areas, including pedagogical content knowledge and learner knowledge representations. Conceived in the broader terms of social-scientific research methods, transpositional grammar is an attempt to overcome the narrowness and logocentrism of \"the language turn\" which dominated social sciences in the twentieth century. In a practical sense, semiotics of the kind explored in this course also provides tools for reading and interpreting multimodal texts and research data. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ERAM 572",
    "name": "Case Studies in Educational Ethics",
    "description": "Focuses on normative case study approaches to investigating ethical issues in K-12 and higher education. Examines ethical decisions faced by educators, administrators, and policymakers as they seek to support the advancement of students, parents, teachers, communities, and democratic society writ large. Particular attention will be given to complex ethical decisions that arise in the pursuit of educational equity and justice. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ERAM 573",
    "name": "Cultural Studies and Critical Interpretation",
    "description": "Explores the history, applications and limitations of various theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of contemporary culture and popular media. Examines debates and issues within cultural studies and with other schools of thought. The impact of cultural studies across the disciplines. Same as MDIA 575. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ERAM 574",
    "name": "Education Law",
    "description": "Examines the range of federal and state constitutional and statutory sources that apply to the constituents (pupils, parents, teachers, administrators, and board members) engaged in public schools. Emphasizes development of legal analytical skills. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ERAM 581",
    "name": "Evaluation with Applied Survey Design I",
    "description": "The initial course in a three-part course sequence that introduces the theories, methods, and applications of surveys for educational and social programs through student projects. The survey is an essential tool for researchers in the social sciences and in many applied professional fields, such as education, public health, and marketing. In the context of student projects, we will examine the major planning tasks necessary for conducting surveys, including problem formulation, study design, questionnaire and interview design, pretesting, sampling, interviewer training and field management, and code development. We will focus throughout on issues of design, refinement, and ethics in research that crosses boundaries of nationality, class, gender, language, and ethnicity. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 103",
    "name": "Earth's Physical Systems",
    "description": "Same as GGIS 103. See GGIS 103.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 104",
    "name": "Geology of the National Parks",
    "description": "Same as GEOL 104. See GEOL 104.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 106",
    "name": "Geographies of Globalization",
    "description": "Same as GGIS 106. See GGIS 106.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 111",
    "name": "Emergence of Life",
    "description": "Same as GEOL 111. See GEOL 111.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 117",
    "name": "The Oceans",
    "description": "Same as GEOL 117. See GEOL 117.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 118",
    "name": "Natural Disasters",
    "description": "Same as GEOL 118 and GLBL 118. See GEOL 118.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 120",
    "name": "Severe and Hazardous Weather",
    "description": "Same as ATMS 120. See ATMS 120.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 140",
    "name": "Climate and Global Change",
    "description": "Same as ATMS 140. See ATMS 140.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 143",
    "name": "History of Life",
    "description": "Same as GEOL 143. See GEOL 143.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 170",
    "name": "Nature Religion",
    "description": "Same as REL 170. See REL 170.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Special topics in Earth, Society, and the Environment; content is variable. May be repeated if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 200",
    "name": "Earth Systems",
    "description": "Interdisciplinary lecture class intended to introduce Earth Systems studies, which focuses on integrating social and natural science approaches to studying the Earth and its environments.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 202",
    "name": "American Environmental History",
    "description": "Same as HIST 202 and NRES 202. See HIST 202.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 208",
    "name": "History of the Earth System",
    "description": "Same as GEOL 208. See GEOL 208.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 210",
    "name": "Social & Environmental Issues",
    "description": "Same as GGIS 210. See GGIS 210.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 222",
    "name": "Big Rivers of the World",
    "description": "Same as GGIS 222. See GGIS 222.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 254",
    "name": "People, Places, and Environments of the US",
    "description": "Same as GGIS 254. See GGIS 254.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 287",
    "name": "Environment and Society",
    "description": "Same as GGIS 287, NRES 287 and PS 273. See NRES 287.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 293",
    "name": "The Anthropocene",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 293. See ENGL 293.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 311",
    "name": "Environmental Issues Today",
    "description": "Seminar exposing students to different disciplinary perspectives on specific environmental issues, as revealed in the scholarly literature. Specific problems will vary from term to term. This seminar helps students make the transition from disciplinary to interdisciplinary thinking.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 320",
    "name": "Water Planet, Water Crisis",
    "description": "Study of the science of water on planet earth, the developing water crisis, and some possible solutions to it. Topics include water's unique physical and chemical properties; how it profoundly shapes the earth/ocean/atmosphere system; dynamics of oceans, atmosphere, lakes, rivers, groundwater, and ice masses; current fresh water supplies and their distribution on earth relative to population; current and future water crises and the compounding effects of droughts, floods, and global change; and prospects for some technological and economic approaches to easing the crisis. Same as GEOL 370 and GGIS 370.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 333",
    "name": "Earth Materials and the Env",
    "description": "Same as GEOL 333. See GEOL 333.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 350",
    "name": "Sustainability and the City",
    "description": "Same as GGIS 350. See GGIS 350.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 379",
    "name": "Introduction to Geographic Information Systems",
    "description": "Same as GGIS 379. See GGIS 379.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 380",
    "name": "Geographic Information Systems II",
    "description": "Same as GGIS 380. See GGIS 380.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 389",
    "name": "Environment and Sustainability Field Expedition",
    "description": "Group expedition to study environment and sustainability issues at a field site. Includes in-class meetings, student-led presentation, and field trip; expeditions run during spring break, winter break, in mid-May or in intercession; dates depend on location. Field Trip and field trip fee required. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. May be repeated up to 12 hours in separate terms if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 401",
    "name": "ESE Capstone",
    "description": "Capstone experience for majors in Earth, Society, and Environment Sustainability. 3 undergraduate hours. No graduate credit. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated once.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 410",
    "name": "Green Development",
    "description": "Same as GGIS 410. See GGIS 410.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 411",
    "name": "Geomorphology",
    "description": "Same as GEOL 401. See GEOL 401.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 421",
    "name": "Earth Systems Modeling",
    "description": "Same as ATMS 421, GEOL 481, GGIS 421 and NRES 422. See ATMS 421.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 439",
    "name": "Biogeography",
    "description": "Same as ANTH 436, GGIS 436, IB 439, and NRES 441. See IB 439.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 452",
    "name": "Ecosystem Ecology",
    "description": "Same as IB 452 and NRES 462. See IB 452.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 465",
    "name": "Transportation &Sustainability",
    "description": "Same as GGIS 465. See GGIS 465.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 466",
    "name": "Environmental Policy",
    "description": "Same as GGIS 466. See GGIS 466.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 467",
    "name": "Multimedia Environmental Communications",
    "description": "Develops capacities to communicate about sustainability and other environmental topics. Storytelling and clear exposition across multiple types of media will be emphasized. Students will be exposed to the application of blogs, audio podcasts, short videos, infographics and social media applications to communicate effectively about environmental science and allied fields. Skills in photography, videography, audio capture, developing scripts, interviewing, and social media best practices will be learned. Same as ENGL 467. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 470",
    "name": "Introduction to Hydrogeology",
    "description": "Same as GEOL 470. See GEOL 470.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 477",
    "name": "Advanced Environmental Writing",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 477. See ENGL 477.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESE 486",
    "name": "Environmental Consulting",
    "description": "Same as GEOL 486. See GEOL 486.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESL 507",
    "name": "Adv Academic writing MATSEL",
    "description": "Focus on advanced academic writing in the field of Teaching English as a Second Language at the graduate level. Introduces rhetorical modes of writing in TESL, critical reading in the field and includes source-based writing, including critical reviews, proposals, and research reports. Approved for S/U grading only. Credit is not given for both ESL 507 and any of ESL 500, ESL 501, and ESL 502. Credit is not given toward a graduate degree.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESL 508",
    "name": "Seminar for Intl TAs",
    "description": "Provides students with knowledge, resources and strategies to guide their ongoing development as international teaching assistants. Students analyze model teaching, receive feedback about their own strengths and weaknesses as a teaching assistant, and address key language or pedagogical concerns through a focused and customized term project. Approved for S/U grading only.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ESL 593",
    "name": "Academic Presentation Skills",
    "description": "Provides international students with opportunities to improve skills in effectively presenting research in both oral and written formats in preparation for the professional conference presentation process. Students will practice orally explaining their research, asking and answering questions, giving and receiving feedback, and writing a conference proposal with the aim of creating and delivering compelling, professional presentations. 0 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for S/U grading only. Credit is not given toward a graduate degree.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 100",
    "name": "Technical Systems in Agr",
    "description": "Examples, problems, discussions, and laboratory exercises pointing to present and potential engineering applications in agriculture; emphasis on power and machinery, soil and water control, electricity, and structures.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 103",
    "name": "Agricultural Machinery and Technology",
    "description": "Provides an exploratory experience in modern agricultural machinery and technology. It covers the fundamentals of modern agriculture as a system including markets, plant and soil science, and operations. Agricultural machinery and its integration with advanced technologies will be introduced. Topics include seeders, combine harvesters, GPS and navigation, field robotics, remote sensing, and a global perspective of agricultural technology. Content is designed for any academic discipline or experience level.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 130",
    "name": "Basics of CAD",
    "description": "Introduction to Computer Aided Drawing and Design (CAD). Application of two and three dimensional CAD tools in construction systems for creating project plans, structures and building floor plans with fixtures and layers representing electrical and plumbing configurations. Self-paced learning through on-line tutorials with instructor guidance.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 132",
    "name": "Basics of Project Management",
    "description": "Covers the basic concepts of project management software. Students will learn introductory features of project management software and utilize these features to complete class projects.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Open seminar or experimental course on a topic in technical systems management. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 232",
    "name": "Materials and Construction Sys",
    "description": "Selection, use, and maintenance of hand and power tools; shop safety; selection of building and roofing materials; concrete masonry construction; and site preparation. Includes laboratory.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 233",
    "name": "Metallurgy & Welding Processes",
    "description": "Selecting and using metal-arc, inert-gas, submerged arc, oxyacetylene welding and plasma cutting processes for construction and maintenance. Includes laboratory. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 262",
    "name": "Agricultural Machine Systems Management",
    "description": "Performance, costs, application, selection, and replacement of agricultural machinery and field implements; analysis of mechanized field operations. Includes laboratory.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 311",
    "name": "Humanity in the Food Web",
    "description": "The human food web is the complex network of technologies, environments, people, and social institutions that produces, processes, and distributes the world's food supply. Students will study the food webs of the past, present, and future and will explore various human roles, including their own, in the global technology-environment-society-food system. Course topics include domestication, mechanization, urbanization, the green revolution, biotechnology, food safety, the environment, and appropriate technologies for developing countries. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 363",
    "name": "Fluid Power Systems",
    "description": "Emphasizes basic principles of fluid power systems related to off-road vehicles. Topics include fundamentals of fluid power systems, principles of key fluid power components, and maintenance of fluid power systems. Credit is not given for both TSM 363 and ABE 223.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 371",
    "name": "Residential Housing Design",
    "description": "Principles and practices in residential housing; space planning, house types, structures, materials, utilities, environmental control, energy conservation, remodeling, and economic influences. Includes laboratory.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 372",
    "name": "Environ Control & HVAC Systems",
    "description": "Introduction to heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems for building environment control. Topics include: psychrometrics, basic calculation of heating and cooling loads, human comfort and ventilation requirements, typical HVAC and control systems.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 381",
    "name": "Grain Drying & Storage Systems",
    "description": "Grain drying fundamentals, air-moisture relationships, grain drying systems for efficient energy use, fans, grain-handling devices and systems, planning of grain handling systems, grain standards, moisture measurement, grain storage, fungi and insect problems, aeration, processing and milling of corn and soybeans. Includes laboratory.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 421",
    "name": "Industrial and Agricultural Safety-Injury Prevention",
    "description": "Issues associated with industrial and agricultural injuries and effective interventions. Areas include: industrial and agricultural injury situations; injury causation; injury intervention strategies and their applications to agricultural and industrial issues; and, specific safety issues in the areas of machinery, grain and forage systems, animals, materials handling and storage, electricity, fire safety, special populations, and emergency preparedness. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 422",
    "name": "Industrial and Agricultural Occupational Illness Prevention",
    "description": "Overview of occupational illnesses and diseases in general industry and agricultural as well as associated practices. Occupational health hazards within agricultural production and general industry are examined. Potential hazards to non-farm populations and those interacting with production personnel are also explored. Industry practices are summarized with a special focus on the agricultural industry. Potential human health effects of specific practices identified. Specific preventative measures are outlined to reduce exposures and remediate exposure symptoms. Interaction with health/medical professionals is on-going during the semester to familiarize students with medical procedures pertinent to agricultural and occupational medicine. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 430",
    "name": "Project Management",
    "description": "Same as ABE 430. See ABE 430.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 435",
    "name": "Elec Computer Ctrl Sys",
    "description": "Microcomputer and electrical control applications; electrical fundamentals; solid-state devices; relays; biosensors; motor types and characteristics; three-phase power; logic devices; analog/digital convertors; and interfacing for agricultural control applications. Includes laboratory. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 464",
    "name": "Heavy Equipment Powertrains",
    "description": "Construction, performance and maintenance of internal combustion engines, power trains, and hydraulic systems for agricultural and construction equipment; methods and equipment for performance testing; and weight transfer and traction. Includes laboratory. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours. Credit is not given toward graduation for both ETMA 464 and ABE 466.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 465",
    "name": "Chemical Applications Systems",
    "description": "Hydraulic principles; liquid application systems including pumps, controls, and spray nozzles; granular application systems; safe storage, handling, and disposal of pesticides and fertilizers; federal and state legal requirements. Includes laboratory. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 467",
    "name": "Precision Agric Technology",
    "description": "Practices and equipment used in precision agriculture. Global positioning systems; geographic information systems; mapping; grid sampling of soil fertility and physical properties; yield monitoring; remote sensing; variable-rate technologies. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 486",
    "name": "Grain Bioprocessing Coproducts",
    "description": "Bioprocessing of cereals and oilseeds by milling, fermentation and extraction processes in the production of a wide variety of coproducts used in animal foods. Includes the effects of the process variables and bioprocess on coproduct quality and the post-processing of coproducts. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours. Credit is not given for both ETMA 486 and ETMA 586.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 499",
    "name": "Seminar",
    "description": "Group discussion or an experimental course on a special topic in engineering technology and management for agricultural systems. 1 to 4 undergraduate hours. 1 to 4 graduate hours. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 12 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 501",
    "name": "Graduate Research I",
    "description": "First of a two-course sequence (with TSM 502) for graduate students in Technical Systems Management. Prepares students to perform successfully in a research environment and to develop skills in teaching. Topics to be covered include research methodology, teaching methods, lecture preparation and delivery, critical review of scientific articles, peer review and publishing, mentoring and peer relationships, time management, and intellectual property. 1 graduate hour. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 594",
    "name": "Graduate Seminar",
    "description": "Presentations of thesis research by graduate students; other presentations on teaching or current research issues related to technical systems management. 0 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated if topics vary, to a maximum of six times.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ETMA 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Individual research in the various areas of technical systems management under the supervision of faculty members. 0 to 16 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated, if topics vary, to a maximum of 45 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EURO 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Approved for letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 3 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EURO 325",
    "name": "Social Media and Global Change",
    "description": "Same as AFST 325, ASST 325, EPOL 325, EPS 325, INFO 325, LAST 325, REES 325, and SAME 325. See EPOL 325.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EURO 376",
    "name": "Children and Youth Literature",
    "description": "Same as CWL 376, GWS 376, and SCAN 376. See SCAN 376.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EURO 385",
    "name": "Politics of the European Union",
    "description": "Same as FR 385, GER 385, and PS 385. See PS 385.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EURO 410",
    "name": "Labor and the European Union",
    "description": "Same as LER 410. See LER 410.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EURO 418",
    "name": "Language & Minorities in Europe",
    "description": "Same as GER 418, FR 418, ITAL 418, LING 418, PS 418, SLAV 418, and SPAN 418. See FR 418.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EURO 470",
    "name": "Scandinavian Politics and Society",
    "description": "Same as CWL 470 and SCAN 470. See SCAN 470.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EURO 489",
    "name": "Green Screen: Film and Nature",
    "description": "Same as MACS 490 and SCAN 490. See SCAN 490.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EURO 501",
    "name": "EU Institutions and Governance",
    "description": "A graduate-level introduction to the European Union, its history, decision-making processes, legal framework and economic effects.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EURO 502",
    "name": "The EU in a Global Context",
    "description": "Introduces students to the role of the EU in international affairs. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 8 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EURO 576",
    "name": "Children and Youth Literature",
    "description": "Same as CWL 586, GWS 576, and SCAN 576. See SCAN 576.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EURO 580",
    "name": "Research Design & Techniques",
    "description": "Introduction for students in the master's in European Union Studies degree program to the processes involved in developing and completing an MA thesis project. Topics covered may include departmental and Graduate College thesis requirements; research methodologies; conducting effective field research; resources for thesis writing; and practical advice on managing a thesis project. Approved for S/U grading only.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "EURO 596",
    "name": "Special Topics in EU Studies",
    "description": "Instruction on topics of current interest about the European Union. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary. See Class Schedule for current topics.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FAA 101",
    "name": "Arts at Illinois",
    "description": "Common Arts experience for FAA first-year students that explores contemporary issues in the arts, cross-disciplinary ingenuity navigating a comprehensive research intensive university, professional practices and exposures to FAA faculty and guest artists through lectures, discussion groups, and online components.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FAA 102",
    "name": "Design Beyond Boundaries",
    "description": "This class surveys core issues and methods across a host of design disciplines, including industrial design, graphic design, interaction design, exhibition design, theatrical design, choreography, landscape architecture, and architecture. It explores the mindsets and methods with which designers develop innovative, user-oriented solutions to complex and persistent problems. Working individually and in diverse teams, students will deploy design process and design thinking to identify existing needs, frame and reframe problems, and ideate, iterate, and test original design solutions that defy conventional categories.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FAA 110",
    "name": "Exploring Arts and Creativity",
    "description": "High and street art, tradition and experimentation, the familiar and unfamiliar, international and American creativity provide this course's foundation. Students will attend performances and exhibitions, interact with artists, and examine core issues associated with the creative process in our increasingly complex global society. Faculty from the arts, sciences, humanities, and other domains will lead students through visual arts, music, dance, and theatre experiences at Krannert Center and Krannert Art Museum to spark investigation and dialogue.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FAA 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Various special topics in Fine and Applied Arts. See class schedule for offerings. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same or separate semesters to a maximum of 6 hours if topics vary; some restrictions may apply.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FAA 201",
    "name": "Black Arts Today",
    "description": "A global course in theorizing Black cultural expression. It surveys artistic and cultural responses to types of racism (racial formations), modes of Black resistance and resiliency, and expressions of Black liberation and self-determination. Topics range from Spirituals, Gospel, and \"ring-shouts\" to Western classical music, ballet and modern dance; from Blues, Jazz, and Hip-Hop to African-inspired architecture and Blues tropes embedded in urban and regional segregationist planning; and from the lineage of Black Art + Design to the power of place of the Black Metropolis. As such, the course attends to the geographies of place and ontologies of time, i.e., moments formed from the intersection of Black social movements against white supremacy and Black reimagining of what it means to be human. Through a series of engagements with faculty-artists and researchers in the College of Fine & Applied Arts, Black Arts Today explores the practice and speculative spaces (imaginaries) in which FAA artists-instructors-researchers engage Black Arts or transmit Blackness to the arts.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FAA 399",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Various special topics in Fine and Applied Arts. See class schedule for offerings. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same or separate semesters to a maximum of 6 hours if topics vary; with permission of the unit advisor.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FAA 494",
    "name": "Writing with Performance: Politics of Love",
    "description": "How do we tell the truth about love? What does love have to do with performances on stage, in everyday life, and social and cultural politics? To critically consider the theoretical, performative, cultural, and social manifestations of love, we will turn to texts moving across theory, poetry, dramatic literature to aesthetic sites like live performance, performance art, music, and visual culture to analyze diverse ways of seeking and giving affection. Same as AAS 494, ENGL 494, GWS 494, and THEA 484. 3 undergraduate hours. No graduate credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FAA 495",
    "name": "Minoritarian Aesthetics Practicum",
    "description": "Following a minoritarian aesthetics compass, informed by the disciplines of relational ethnic and performance studies, students will approach critical theory, embodied practice, and collective learning as inseparable. Working closely with one another and with guest artists, scholars, teachers, and curators, as well as practice-based initiatives such as the Mellon funded Minor Aesthetics Lab, students will be asked to display and/or perform their work within the tradition of fusing aesthetics and social life. Same as AAS 495, ENGL 495, GWS 425, and THEA 468. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FAA 496",
    "name": "Experiments in Queer Performance",
    "description": "Engages queer performance across sound, image, text, and embodiment. Students will read and experiment across texts in performance studies, feminist, trans, and queer studies, visual culture, cultural studies, sound studies, and relational ethnic studies. By moving through the entanglement of performance, politics, and difference, students will pay attention to forms of resistance, revolt, survival, everyday endurance strategies, and diverse types of cultural labor witnessed across queerness. Same as AAS 496, ENGL 496, GWS 496, and THEA 486. 3 undergraduate hours. No graduate credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FAA 499",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Special topics in subject areas within the College of Fine and Applied Arts intended to augment the existing curriculum. 0 to 4 undergraduate hours. 0 to 4 graduate hours. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in separate terms if topics vary to a maximum of 8 credit hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FAA 550",
    "name": "Cripistemology and the Arts Seminar",
    "description": "Crip*- Cripistemology and the Arts (Crip*) is a practice based creative research project and transdisciplinary initiative focused on how knowledge produced via Crip/Disabled experience can shape and change how we approach our respective mediums. Courses will explore specializations within the Crip* discipline and include attending lectures, screenings, workshops and performances outside of class time. Subjects include Crip* Temporalities: Crip/Disabled Embodiment and Time-Based Praxes, deaf*: Art and Communication, and Crip* Collaboration: Experiments in Crip/Disabled Cultural Formations. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 12 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FAA 556",
    "name": "Cripping Music",
    "description": "Cripping Music critically and creatively engages the applied research strategies, creative methodologies, and disciplinary conventions of Music via the Crip* principles of interdependence, open access, generative difference, radical alterity, networks of support and collaboration, Crip temporalities, and access ecology. This course will serve to discover and design new crip-centric approaches and strategies specific to Music. Same as MUS 566. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for Letter and S/U grading.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FAA 594",
    "name": "Writing the Minor - Minoritarian Aesthetics",
    "description": "This seminar focuses on interdisciplinary research across critical writing within the field of minoritarian aesthetics. Drawing from performance studies and ethnic studies, students will move across everyday social and cultural world making practices to write with and for difference. Class sessions will include live readings, writing exercises, writing workshops, and discussions with published authors in the field. This is an intensive writing course; students will write during class session to produce a pressing publishable paper. Same as AAS 594, ENGL 594, GWS 594, and THEA 594. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FAA 596",
    "name": "Experiments in Minoritarian Aesthetics",
    "description": "Engaging aesthetics beyond its common understanding as the branch of philosophy concerned with the appreciation of art and culture, this course follows the vitality of the aesthetic through pathways into the pressing cultural expressions of minoritarian life. Students will be asked to take on new learning gestures, to think of study as a minoritarian aesthetic practice, and to think of study writ large as an act of new world-making. Same as AAS 596, ENGL 596, GWS 596, and THEA 596. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FAA 598",
    "name": "Graduate Special Topics",
    "description": "Advanced special topics in graduate subject areas within the College of Fine and Applied Arts intended to augment the existing curriculum. 0 to 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated for a maximum of 8 credit hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FIN 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Approved for letter and S/U grading. Course may be repeated for credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FIN 230",
    "name": "Introduction to Insurance",
    "description": "Introductory course on the role of insurance in society; covers insurance terminology, common personal insurance policies (auto, health, life and homeowners) and current issues.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FIN 414",
    "name": "Urban Economics",
    "description": "Same as ECON 414. See ECON 414.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FIN 501",
    "name": "Financial Economics",
    "description": "A firm's long-run value ultimately depends on its business fundamentals. This course covers micro- and macro-economic drivers of such fundamentals, such as consumer demand, market competitiveness, government regulation, interest rates, business cycles, and monetary policy. Also includes topics in risk and intertemporal decision-making. 2 or 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FIN 504",
    "name": "Accounting for Financial Analysis",
    "description": "This course will develop an understanding of the most fundamental accounting concepts and provide key building blocks necessary for intermediate and advanced financial statement analysis. It is designed to provide a basic but practical application of financial analyses commonly performed by industry professionals. 2 graduate hours. No professional credit. Credit is not given for FIN 504 and FIN 580 (58811), Section FS.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FIN 512",
    "name": "Financial Derivatives",
    "description": "Introduction to options, futures, swaps and other derivative securities; examination of institutional aspects of the markets; theories of pricing; discussion of simple as well as complicated trading strategies (arbitrage, hedging, and spread); applications for asset and risk management. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FIN 527",
    "name": "Mergers & Acquisitions Topics",
    "description": "Focuses on identifying ways to increase firm value through mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and corporate restructurings. We will develop your skills in the design and evaluation of transactions. Specific topics addressed in the course are the valuation of companies, structuring of transactions, deal tactics and strategy, valuation of leveraged buyouts, and spin-offs/carve-outs. We will also delve into issues of law, accounting and taxation and how they affect the structuring and outcome of merger transactions. Knowledge about M&A is an important component of any corporate finance professional and is the foundation for effective work in a wide range of fields including corporate development, investment banking, consulting, and advising senior management. 2 or 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FIN 532",
    "name": "Managing Market Risks for Financial Institutions",
    "description": "Covers management of tradable financial market risks in the context of financial institutions which incur these risks through their operations, product offerings, assets, and liabilities. We examine the models and methods in practice to measure and manage interest rate, equity, credit, and other market risks with a focus on using financial derivatives such as futures, swaps, and options. Course is applications-oriented with heavy emphasis on numerical modeling. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Credit is not given if the student has received graduate credit in FIN 432.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FIN 535",
    "name": "Wealth Management",
    "description": "This course studies personal wealth management techniques with an emphasis on life insurance products; covers life insurance policies, annuities, trusts, buy-sell arrangements, investing in stocks, bonds and mutual funds, banking and borrowing, purchasing residential and commercial real estate, income and estate taxation and management of personal financial portfolio. The course also allows students to build a wealth management plan based on a case scenario. 2 or 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FIN 538",
    "name": "Enterprise Risk Management",
    "description": "The application of basic risk management principles to all risks facing the organization. Integrates hazard, financial, strategic and operational risks under a single framework. Provides a conceptual framework for making risk management decisions to increase business value. The course includes a review of the legal and regulatory environment that sets the stage for Enterprise Risk Management, cover the tools used for risk analysis, examine data integration processes and show how risk measurement relates to strategic and tactical business decisions. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FIN 553",
    "name": "Machine Learning in Finance",
    "description": "Machine Learning includes the design and the study of algorithms that can learn from experience, improve their performance and make predictions. In this course students will learn the foundations of Machine Learning and explore state of the art algorithms and tools. Topics include supervised learning (neural networks, support vector machines), unsupervised learning (clustering, dimensionality reduction) and reinforcement learning (dynamic programming, Q-learning, SARSA, policy gradient methods). Applications include option pricing, portfolio selection and credit card fraud detection. Students will gain practical experience implementing these models in Python with frequently used packages such as TensorFlow. 2 or 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Credit is not given for FIN 553 and FIN 580: Section V2, (72206); or FIN 580: Section V1 (72205).",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FIN 554",
    "name": "Algorithmic Trading Systems Design and Testing",
    "description": "Provides a detailed research process and tools for replicating, assessing, conceptualizing, and developing systematic trading strategies. Students will apply their knowledge in hands-on projects to replicate and evaluate existing research and to create and evaluate a new strategy model. Students will use the R Language for Statistical Computing and Graphics to replicate academic research and evaluate the claims made in papers. Students will also construct a non-trivial strategy from scratch, evaluate the power of each of its components, and examine the likelihood of overfitting. Projects are designed to mimic as closely as possible the day-to-day research activities of working strategy quants, so that students will have practical experience building, testing, and evaluating quantitative models. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Credit is not given if student received credit in FIN 580 FIN 580 Basics of Trading Algorithm Design CRN 46818 and/or FIN 580 Analysis and Testing of Trading Algorithms CRN 46819.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FIN 555",
    "name": "Financial Innovation",
    "description": "Recent years have seen the rapid development of the fintech sector, bringing together technology and data, startups and established firms in ways that are likely to shape and disrupt financial markets going forward. This course will involve a mix of lectures, guest speakers, and class discussion of breaking developments and new ventures. Some of the fintech sectors we will discuss include consumer finance, payments, investing and trading, cryptocurrencies and blockchain, and privacy and regulatory concerns. Because of the innovative and rapidly evolving nature of the fintech sector, this class will depend heavily on student engagement and class discussion. Students should be prepared to participate actively, and not just sit and listen to lectures. Each student will participate in two group presentations on the fintech sector, at the middle and end of the semester. A group project is due at the end of the semester, detailing a fintech startup idea, an analysis of an existing fintech business, or an analysis of a fintech sector. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Credit is not given for FIN 555 and FIN 580: Section FT2 (72037).",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FIN 556",
    "name": "Algorithmic Market Microstructure",
    "description": "Introduces the modern theoretical, empirical and institutional foundations of market microstructure and trading activity, with an emphasis on applications to algorithmic and high-frequency trading. The first part of the course addresses market microstructure and the algorithmic implementation of traditional microstructure-inspired tasks such as minimizing execution costs. The second part of the course proceeds to examine actual algorithmic strategies, and ultimately high-frequency trading. Recurrent themes throughout the course will be the use of economic theory to simplify computationally challenging problems, and the use of theory-driven structural models to construct more robust trading algorithms. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Credit is not given for FIN 556 if the student has received credit for FIN 566 Algorithmic Market Microstructure (67130, 68314).",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FIN 558",
    "name": "Data Science and Python for Finance",
    "description": "Focuses on introducing Python for financial analysis. It provides a detailed understanding of Python basics. Students will apply Python in solving problems in corporate finance and performing investment analysis. Topics include capital budgeting decisions, equity valuation, risk and return, portfolio optimization, and technical trading strategies. 2 graduate hours. No professional credit. Credit is not given toward graduation for FIN 558 if credit for FIN 580 CRN 60285, 60176, 66703 has been given.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FIN 559",
    "name": "Advanced Data Science and Python for Finance",
    "description": "Provides an advanced understanding of Python and data analytics tools to solve problems in finance. Students will analyze data and solve real-world problems such as investigating market responses to earnings announcements, comparing value and growth investing, forecasting stock prices, predicting bankruptcy, and estimating house prices. 2 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FIN 590",
    "name": "Individual Study and Research",
    "description": "Directed reading and research. 0 to 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. Course may be repeated up to 16 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FIN 595",
    "name": "Empirical Corporate Finance",
    "description": "This seminar will study recent research in corporate finance that uses modern empirical methods to focus on causal inference. Students will be required to write a research proposal. The objective is to sharpen students' skills as consumers and producers of empirical corporate finance. This seminar is also beneficial for researchers in related fields such as credit markets and banking, asset pricing, financial accounting and applied microeconomics. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Credit is not given toward graduation for FIN 595 and Spring 2024 FIN 580, Section 595.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FIN 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Required for those writing master's and doctoral theses in finance. 0 to 16 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated in separate terms.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 101",
    "name": "Elementary French I",
    "description": "Four-skill course leading toward elementary proficiency in oral expression, listening comprehension, reading, writing, and cultural understanding. Online language laboratory and internet assignments required.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 156",
    "name": "Exploring Paris",
    "description": "Examines the role of Paris in French culture through literature, art, and film. We will consider the city of Paris from its earliest beginnings to the modern era, as a physical, social, and symbolic reality. Through literature, art, and film we will explore the ways in which Paris is at the center of French political and intellectual life. Additionally, close attention will be paid to historical and political developments and their representation. All readings are in English and the course is conducted in English.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 165",
    "name": "French in US Minority Cultures",
    "description": "Introduction to the sociolinguistic and cultural history of French as a heritage language in African-American, Native American, and Cajun American communities from early colonial to late modern times. It focuses on the lived experiences and lasting heritage of contact and segregation between colonizers, farmers, refugees, and free and enslaved populations in the American Midwest and South. It features readings, music, heritage sites, and discussions of prejudice and discrimination, language shift and language loss, and the linguistic outcomes of slavery and settler colonialism.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 179",
    "name": "Migration and French National Identity",
    "description": "Studies books and films that introduce students to historical and contemporary debates surrounding French national identity in migrant and immigrant contexts in France. Emphasizes cultural difference and the complexities of the post-colonial world. Emphasizes themes of collective identity and community formation, immigration and exile, tensions between relations of domination and exploitation and between colonizing and colonized peoples, and the cultural pluralities of community and nation.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 190",
    "name": "French Food for Thought",
    "description": "Serves as an introduction to French culinary identity and history. Traces the impact of French food on global cuisines, cooking techniques, and food perception. Particular attention is paid to how French food impacts how we discern concepts of luxury and quality. Food is examined from a cultural and anthropological sense using theoretical texts to comprehend how and why cultures and societies consume food.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 195",
    "name": "French Intellectual Tradition",
    "description": "Close reading and in-depth discussion of texts by major French intellectuals from the sixteenth to the mid-twentieth century. Aims to explore the centrality of epistemology (How can we know? Can we know that which we know is true? How can we reason in the face of evil?) in selected texts that will be discussed within their historical contexts, investigating why these issues were raised then and how their contemporaries might have responded to them, as well as their relationship to issues still debated in the twenty-first century. Taught in English.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Credit: 1 to 5 hours. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 240",
    "name": "Constr Afr and Carib Identity",
    "description": "Introduces students to cultural pluralism by comparing and contrasting African and Caribbean identities, as they are represented in literature and film. Taught in English. Same as AFST 209, CWL 225, and LAST 240. Credit is not given towards the major or minor in French.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 385",
    "name": "Politics of the European Union",
    "description": "Same as EURO 385, GER 385, and PS 385. See PS 385.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 387",
    "name": "Media and Cinema in French",
    "description": "The art, techniques, culture, and politics of French-language film and media (such as television, music and art) in a global context. Film and media in this course provide insight into the formation of cultural, political and linguistic identities as well as the history, techniques and technologies of the media landscape in the French-speaking world. This course may be taught in English or in French; check with the instructor. Same as CWL 387 and MACS 382.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 418",
    "name": "Language & Minorities in Europe",
    "description": "Introduction to political, judicial, linguistic, and cultural issues concerning indigenous and migrant/immigrant languages in the countries of the European Union. Focuses on political and judicial issues, such as legal aspects of bilingual education and minority language use, as well as linguistic and cultural aspects, such as assimilation, language-mixing, and language change. Taught in English. Same as EURO 418, GER 418, ITAL 418, LING 418, PS 418, SLAV 418, and SPAN 418. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 460",
    "name": "Principles of Language Testing",
    "description": "Same as EIL 460, EPSY 487, GER 460, ITAL 460, PORT 460, and SPAN 460. See EIL 460.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 462",
    "name": "Introduction to Romance Linguistics",
    "description": "Same as ITAL 435, LING 462, PORT 435, RMLG 435, and SPAN 435. See SPAN 435.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 481",
    "name": "Theoretical Foundations of SLA",
    "description": "Same as GER 489, ITAL 489, LING 489, PORT 489, and SPAN 489. See LING 489.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 500",
    "name": "Beginning French Grads",
    "description": "Basic grammar, vocabulary, and reading practice; designed for graduate students desiring help in preparing for the French reading requirements for the Ph.D. Credit is not given toward a graduate degree.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 503",
    "name": "The Study of Culture I",
    "description": "Study of major artistic, historical, political, and literary aspects of France up to the French Revolution with emphasis on the relationship between literature and other aspects of French culture.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 504",
    "name": "The Study of Culture II",
    "description": "Study of major artistic, historical, political, and literary aspects of France from the French Revolution to the present with emphasis on the relationship between literature and other aspect of French culture.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 505",
    "name": "Teaching College and Secondary Foreign Language",
    "description": "Examination and discussion of classroom goals, procedures and techniques in teaching a foreign language (French, Italian) at the college and secondary level, associated with a demonstration class and supervision of teaching practice. Required of new teaching assistants in the Department of French and Italian. Same as ITAL 505. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 529",
    "name": "Studies in French Linguistics",
    "description": "Variable topics course dealing with both synchronic and diachronic aspects of the French language. May be repeated if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 530",
    "name": "Introduction to Research and Text Criticism",
    "description": "Proseminar in literary studies: research and methods; approaches to the literary text. Required of all M.A. and Ph.D. candidates. Same as ITAL 530. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 543",
    "name": "French Studies",
    "description": "Flexible course limited only by the concentration of its material in French; may be activated by faculty proposal. May be repeated to a maximum of 16 hours if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 552",
    "name": "Studies French & Comp Cinema",
    "description": "Historical, aesthetic, social, and technical studies of the French cinema; its development and relation to world cinema and to literature. Same as CWL 552. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 559",
    "name": "Sem Romance Ling",
    "description": "Same as ITAL 559, LING 559, PORT 559, RMLG 559, and SPAN 557. See SPAN 557.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 571",
    "name": "Seminar 16thC French Lit",
    "description": "Discussion and research on a specialized topic in sixteenth-century French literature. See Schedule for current topic. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 572",
    "name": "Seminar 17thC French Lit",
    "description": "Discussion and research on a specialized topic in seventeenth-century French literature. See Schedule for current topic. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 573",
    "name": "Seminar 18thC French Lit",
    "description": "Discussion and research on a specialized topic in eighteenth-century French literature. See Schedule for current topic. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 574",
    "name": "Seminar 19thC French Lit",
    "description": "Discussion and research on a specialized topic in nineteenth-century French literature. See Schedule for current topic. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 576",
    "name": "Seminar in Francophonie",
    "description": "Discussion and research on a specialized topic in literature in French outside of France. See Schedule for current topic. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated in separate terms if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 578",
    "name": "Seminar 20thC French Lit",
    "description": "Discussion and research on a specialized topic in twentieth-century French literature. See Schedule for current topic. Same as CWL 578. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 579",
    "name": "Seminar in French Literature",
    "description": "Discussion and research on a specialized area in French literature. See Schedule for current topic. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 580",
    "name": "Classroom Language Acquisition",
    "description": "Same as EIL 580, GER 580, ITAL 580, PORT 580, and SPAN 580. See SPAN 580.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 584",
    "name": "Theories in Second Language Acquisition",
    "description": "Same as CI 584, EALC 584, EPSY 563, GER 584, ITAL 584, LING 584, PORT 584, and SPAN 584. See SPAN 584.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 588",
    "name": "Sem Second Lang Learn",
    "description": "Same as EALC 588, GER 588, ITAL 588, LING 588, PORT 588, and SPAN 588. See SPAN 588.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FR 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 101",
    "name": "The Science of Food and How it Relates to You",
    "description": "Discusses the evolution of the food system to meet the needs and desires of a complex, heterogeneous society. Provides an overview of food in relation to nutrition and health, composition and chemistry, microbiology, safety, processing, preservation, laws and regulations, quality, and the consumer.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 120",
    "name": "Contemporary Nutrition",
    "description": "Fundamental principles of human nutrition and their application to the selection of an adequate diet for health and wellness; current nutrition topics of importance. Credit is not given for FSHN 120 if credit has been given for FSHN 220.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 123",
    "name": "FSHN Orientation to Illinois",
    "description": "Introductory course for students in the department of Food Science and Human Nutrition. Students will enhance their understanding of skills and practices to aid in learning. Explore the academic environment at Illinois, and build community inside and outside the classroom.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 140",
    "name": "Introduction to Hospitality",
    "description": "Overview of the hospitality industry with emphasis on organizational and operational structures of the major segments of the industry and career opportunities within each. Field trips required.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 145",
    "name": "Intro Hospitality Management",
    "description": "Explore the foodservice aspect of the hospitality industry by assisting Hospitality Management seniors taking FSHN 443 in the operation of the Spice Box. Course covers the planning, production, and service of meals in specialized settings.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 150",
    "name": "Introduction to Dietetics",
    "description": "Introductory course for students in dietetics. Addresses current issues, opportunities and careers in the dietetics profession. Freshmen or transfer student into dietetics given priority.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 175",
    "name": "Science of Fermented Foods",
    "description": "Discusses the evolution and commercialization of fermented foods. Provides insight into the microbial processing, manufacturing, history, nutrition, safety, and chemistry of different fermented products such as beer, bread, wine, and cheese.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 193",
    "name": "Edible Entrepreneurialism - Feeding Ideas for the Future",
    "description": "Introduces students from across campus to various elements and facets of entrepreneurialism that put the consumer first. Students will explore diverse development journeys of well-known food innovators and will participate in reflective and active learning activities to learn about key facets of entrepreneurialism, focusing on important consumer-focused entrepreneurial themes such as: consumer insights, community insights, social/cultural awareness, problem solving, risk taking, resourcing, ensuring technical depth, adapting to failure, and resiliency. Approved for Letter and S/U grading.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Experimental course on a special topic in food science and human nutrition. Topic may not be repeated except in accordance with the Code. Approved for letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same or subsequent terms. No more than 12 hours may be counted toward graduation.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 220",
    "name": "Principles of Nutrition",
    "description": "Course focuses on the nutritive value of foods and metabolism of essential nutrients, as well as the application of principles of nutrition to the requirements of normal individuals throughout the life cycle.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 249",
    "name": "Food Service Sanitation",
    "description": "Examines the dangers, costs and prevention of foodborne illness as well as the training and motivation of food service employees in sanitary food handling and quality assurance practices. Upon completion of this course, student will be eligible to apply for the food service sanitation certificate issued by the State of Illinois. Credit is not given for FSHN 249 and FSHN 349.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 293",
    "name": "Off Campus Internship",
    "description": "Supervised, off-campus experience in a field directly pertaining to the subject matter. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated to a maximum of 10 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 345",
    "name": "Strategic Operations Management",
    "description": "Intended to promote an understanding of the managerial aspects of strategic operations. Strategic operations management examines facilities, capacity, process/work-force planning, organization, people, systems integration, and coordination between operations. An introduction to the principles and procedures for the purchasing, selection and procurement of food and non-food items in the hospitality industry is also included. Provides students with the management information needed to make operational decisions based on sound criteria.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 346",
    "name": "Foundations of Hotel Management",
    "description": "Provides a comprehensive examination of key areas in hotel operations and management; including, revenue management, accounting, housekeeping, engineering, front desk, food and beverage and marketing. The concepts and principles will be applied in interactive online hotel case simulations designed for an immersive and applied learning experience.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 417",
    "name": "Neuroscience of Eating & Drinking",
    "description": "Same as NEUR 417, NUTR 417 and PSYC 417. See PSYC 417.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 424",
    "name": "Biopsychology of Ingestive Behavior",
    "description": "Why do we eat what we eat? This course provides a taste of the science including both biological and psychological basis of ingestive behavior and the adoption of both healthy and maladaptive behaviors concerning eating and drinking. We will review and integrate historical theories with recent research on how we perceive flavor, the development of food preferences, and the biological basis of hunger, thirst, and satiety. Students will also have the opportunity to strengthen their critical thinking skills by participating on two debates in which equal number of arguments will be formulated to support or refute important issues in the field of food science and human nutrition. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 425",
    "name": "Food Marketing",
    "description": "Same as ACE 430. See ACE 430.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 430",
    "name": "Nexus of Food, Environmental Sustainability, and Health",
    "description": "Students will be provided with an interdisciplinary perspective on the global food problem and how the environment impacts human health. Will cover global health concerns, with a focus on the prevention of obesity and chronic disease. Students will learn and discuss the evidence behind controversial topics related to the intersection of food, environmental sustainability and human health. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 440",
    "name": "Applied Statistical Methods I",
    "description": "Same as ANSC 440, CPSC 440, NRES 440, and NUTR 440. See CPSC 440.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 442",
    "name": "Hospitality Management & Leadership Skills",
    "description": "Application of behavioral science and management techniques, methods and strategies to the hospitality industry. Applied management techniques will focus on those managerial behaviors needed to develop and maintain positive and productive relationships with subordinates, peers, supervisors and individuals external to the hospitality organization. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 453",
    "name": "Nutrition for Performance",
    "description": "Same as HK 453. See HK 453.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 480",
    "name": "Basic Toxicology",
    "description": "Emphasizes basic toxicology principles and the pharmacokinetics, absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs, non-nutrient dietary supplements and other compounds foreign to the body. Toxic effects on major target organ systems are discussed, including an introduction to how foreign compounds can initiate, enhance or prevent the carcinogenic process. Briefly surveys diverse areas of toxicology such as eco-, nano-, forensic, genetic, nutritional, clinical and reproductive toxicology; review the federal regulatory aspects of safety assessment and consumer protection. Same as CB 449, CPSC 433, and ENVS 480. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 499",
    "name": "Cur Topics in FS & Human Nutr",
    "description": "Group discussion or an experimental course on a special topic in food science and human nutrition. 1 to 3 undergraduate hours. 1 to 3 graduate hours. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same or subsequent terms to a maximum of 12 hours as topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 510",
    "name": "Topics in Nutrition Research",
    "description": "Same as ANSC 525 and NUTR 510. See NUTR 510.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 511",
    "name": "Regulation of Metabolism",
    "description": "Same as ANSC 521, HK 510 and NUTR 511. See NUTR 511.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 520",
    "name": "Advanced Clinical Nutrition",
    "description": "Same as NUTR 561. See NUTR 561.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 550",
    "name": "Grantsmanship and Ethics",
    "description": "Same as NUTR 550. See NUTR 550.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 580",
    "name": "Ethics in Research, IRB and IACUC",
    "description": "The goals of this course are twofold. First, to provide graduate students with an introduction to knowledge and skills that will facilitate ethical behavior in research. Second, to increase their sensitivity to ethical issues. We will review rules, issues, options and resources to meet regulatory and institutional expectations (including Institutional Review Board (IRB) and Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC). We will foster their ethical decision-making skills by discussing and analyzing real (or realistic) ethical cases. We will identify failures, justify decisions, and generate potential solutions to those errors. Same as NUTR 580. 3 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 592",
    "name": "Graduate Internship Experience",
    "description": "Supervised, off-campus experience in a field related to a students' option/concentration. Approved for letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 12 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 597",
    "name": "Graduate Seminar",
    "description": "Discussions on specialized research topics and current literature relating to food science and human nutrition. Required of all graduate students. 0 to 1 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in separate terms.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "FSHN 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Original research designed and conducted under graduate faculty supervisor. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GC 500",
    "name": "URAP Graduate Mentor Practicum",
    "description": "The Office of Undergraduate Research (OUR) and the Graduate College offer the opportunity for first and second-year undergraduate students to assist advanced graduate students with their research projects. Through a one-on-one research experience with their graduate student mentor, undergraduate students will have the opportunity to learn what it means to do research, create knowledge, and produce scholarship. This course will serve as a formal record of the graduate mentoring side of the apprenticeship (i.e., \"practicum\"). 0 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GC 598",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "This special topics course provides an opportunity for students and faculty from different disciplines and different institutions to gain knowledge about a cross-cutting topic of international relevance. 2 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated in separate terms if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GC 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "For doctoral students who have a guaranteed student loan that needs deferral, have completed the credit requirements for the doctorate, have passed the preliminary examination, do not have any financial assistance that would cover tuition and fees, and are eligible to register for 599 in their own academic units. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GEOL 100",
    "name": "Planet Earth",
    "description": "Introduces non-science majors to physical aspects (earthquakes, volcanoes, floods, tsunamis, mountains, plate tectonics) and historical aspects (formation of earth and life, dinosaurs, ice age, evolution of climate) in earth science. Presents information on earth resources, natural hazards, and development of natural landscapes. Focuses on humanistic issues; provides context for understanding environmental change. Optional lab demonstrations and field trips with co-registration in GEOL 110. Credit is not given for both GEOL 100 and GEOL 101, GEOL 103 or GEOL 107.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GEOL 104",
    "name": "Geology of the National Parks",
    "description": "Develops geologic background, concepts, and principles through study of selected national parks and monuments. Examines the geologic framework and history, modern geologic processes, and factors influencing the present day landscape for each park area. Same as ESE 104.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GEOL 110",
    "name": "Exploring Geology in the Field",
    "description": "Introduces practical techniques for identification of rocks, minerals, and fossils; interpretation of geologic maps and cross-sections; appreciation of Midwestern geologic history and geologic features and landforms in the field. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GEOL 111",
    "name": "Emergence of Life",
    "description": "Examines important theoretical and practical questions regarding the origin and evolution of life, as well as the search for life elsewhere in the universe. Uses the pioneering work of Carl Woese, whose \"Tree of Life\" revolutionized our understanding of the fundamental structure and evolutionary relatedness of all living entities on Earth. Same as ESE 111. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GEOL 117",
    "name": "The Oceans",
    "description": "Integrated introduction to oceanography and marine geology and geophysics. Topics include ocean-basin formation and evolution (in the context of plate tectonics), ocean ecology, the hydrologic cycle, water chemistry, currents and waves, the interaction of oceans with climate, coastal hazards, resources, pollution, and the Law of the Sea. Course is oriented toward students not majoring in science. Same as ESE 117.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GEOL 118",
    "name": "Natural Disasters",
    "description": "Introduces the nature, causes, risks, effects, and prediction of natural disasters including earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides, subsidence, global climate change, severe weather, coastal erosion, floods, mass extinctions, and meteorite  impacts; covers scientific principles and case histories of natural disasters as well as human responses (societal impact, mitigation strategies, and public policy). Same as ESE 118 and GLBL 118.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GEOL 143",
    "name": "History of Life",
    "description": "Evolution of life from its beginning, illustrating changing faunas and floras through time; the invasion of land and of the skies; the effects of a changing atmosphere, changing climates, and continental drift. Emphasis on dinosaur evolution, ecology, and extinction; also other vertebrates, including mammal-like reptiles, mammals, and the emergence of humans, as well as plants and invertebrates. Same as ESE 143.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GEOL 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GEOL 370",
    "name": "Water Planet, Water Crisis",
    "description": "Same as ESE 320 and GGIS 370. See ESE 320.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GEOL 406",
    "name": "Fluvial Geomorphology",
    "description": "Same as GGIS 406 and NRES 406. See GGIS 406.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GEOL 407",
    "name": "Foundations of CyberGIS & Geospatial Data Science",
    "description": "Same as GGIS 407. See GGIS 407.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GEOL 481",
    "name": "Earth Systems Modeling",
    "description": "Same as ATMS 421, ESE 421, GGIS 421 and NRES 422. See ATMS 421.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GEOL 483",
    "name": "Challenges of Sustainability",
    "description": "Same as ESE 482 and GGIS 482. See ESE 482.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GEOL 485",
    "name": "Risk Analysis in Earth Science",
    "description": "Same as ATMS 404. See ATMS 404.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GEOL 486",
    "name": "Environmental Consulting",
    "description": "Survey of the fundamental science and US policy underpinning the practices of environmental consultancy. Environmental consulting is an interdisciplinary field drawing together engineers, geologists, environmental scientists, biologists, chemists, lawyers, social workers, social scientists, lobbyists and analysts. This course describes the myriad of pathways into environmental consulting and prepares students with the fundamental policy and science concepts. Subjects covered are the framework of environmental policy, chemicals of concern and their properties, environmental site assessment, site remediation, land use and ecosystem restoration as well as indoor environmental concerns. Same as ESE 486. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GEOL 517",
    "name": "Data Science for the Geosciences",
    "description": "Same as ATMS 517. See ATMS 517.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GEOL 573",
    "name": "River Morphodynamics",
    "description": "Same as CEE 553. See CEE 553.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GEOL 593",
    "name": "Advanced Studies in Geology",
    "description": "Work may be taken in the following fields: (a) general geology; Field trip fee may be required for this section. (b) engineering geology; (c) geomorphology and glacial geology; (d) clay mineralogy; (e) ground-water geology; (f) geomicrobiology; (g) geological fluid dynamics; (h) mineralogy and crystallography; (i) paleontology; (j) geochemistry: (k) geophysics; (l) petrography and petrology; (m) sedimentology; (n) stratigraphy; (o) oceanography; (p) submarine geology; (q) structural geology and geotectonics; (r) mathematical geology; (s) sedimentary petrography; (t) petroleum geology; (u) coal geology; (v) isotope geology and geochronology; (w) electron beam analysis; (x) vulcanology; (y) environmental geology; and (z) planetology. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. Approved for both letter and S/U grading. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GEOL 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Individual research under supervision of members of the faculty in their respective fields. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 101",
    "name": "Beginning German I",
    "description": "Introductory course focusing on listening comprehension, oral skills, reading, writing, and culture.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Credit: 1 to 5 hours. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 200",
    "name": "German Literature in Trans",
    "description": "Introduction to German literature for students with no knowledge of German. Same as CWL 224. May be repeated if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 201",
    "name": "German Popular Culture",
    "description": "Introduction to the study of modern and contemporary german culture through examining examples of popular culture from the late-eighteenth century to the present. Looks at texts and films as a mirror and critique of modern German society. Topics to be discussed: nationalism, gender, ethnicity, minority cultures, Jewish life in Germany, German images of other cultures, etc. Course taught in English.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 205",
    "name": "Germany and Europe",
    "description": "Introduction into major issues in contemporary German society with a special focus on Germany's functioning within Europe and the European Union through novels, films, essays, interviews etc. Course taught in English.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 251",
    "name": "Grimm's Fairy Tales in Context",
    "description": "Special attention is paid to the Grimms' tales in terms of traditional narrative genres, elements of life in early modern Europe, and versions from Italy and France as well as Germany. Course is conducted in English. Same as CWL 254 and ENGL 266. Credit is not given for both GER 251 and GER 250.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 261",
    "name": "The Holocaust in Context",
    "description": "Examines cultural representations of the Holocaust in literature, film, and critical essays. Same as CWL 273, ENGL 269, and JS 261. Credit is not given for both GER 261 and GER 260.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 270",
    "name": "Sexuality and Literature",
    "description": "Examination of the historical contexts in which sexuality has been debated during the past three centuries, and to what extent sexuality is perceived differently in diverse cultures. Part one will look at the Western tradition, especially Germany. Part two will shift focus to the non-Western world, especially to the colonial history of Indonesia. Same as CWL 272 and GWS 270.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 385",
    "name": "Politics of the European Union",
    "description": "Same as EURO 385, FR 385, and PS 385. See PS 385.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 405",
    "name": "History of Translation",
    "description": "Same as CLCV 430, CWL 430, ENGL 486, SLAV 430, SPAN 436, and TRST 431. See SLAV 430.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 418",
    "name": "Language & Minorities in Europe",
    "description": "Same as EURO 418, FR 418, ITAL 418, LING 418, PS 418, SLAV 418, and SPAN 418. See FR 418.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 460",
    "name": "Principles of Language Testing",
    "description": "Same as EIL 460, EPSY 487, FR 460, ITAL 460, PORT 460, and SPAN 460. See EIL 460.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 465",
    "name": "German Linguistics",
    "description": "Linguistic analysis of Germanic languages in historical, geographic, and social context. Taught in German or English, depending on topic. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours. May be repeated in separate terms, as topics vary, to a maximum of 6 hours. Prerequisite: When the course is taught in English, there are no prerequisites. When the course is taught in German, the recommendation is GER 212 or consent of the instructor.",
    "prerequisites": "When the course is taught in English, there are no prerequisites. When the course is taught in German, the recommendation is GER 212 or consent of the instructor."
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 470",
    "name": "Middle Ages to Baroque",
    "description": "Literary, thematic, cultural, and bibliographical analysis of the major authors, works, genres, and movements in German literature from 750-1720. Same as MDVL 470. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 6 hours if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 471",
    "name": "Enlightenment to Romanticism",
    "description": "Literary, thematic, cultural, and bibliographical analysis of the major authors, works, genres, and movements in German literature from 1720 to 1830. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours. May be repeated to a maximum of 6 undergraduate hours or 6 graduate hours if topic varies.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 472",
    "name": "Realism to Expressionism",
    "description": "Literary, thematic, cultural, and bibliographical analysis of the major authors, works, genres, and movements in German literature from 1830 to 1920. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours. May be repeated to a maximum of 6 undergraduate hours or 6 graduate hours if topic varies.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 473",
    "name": "1920s to Today",
    "description": "Literary, thematic, cultural, and bibliographical analysis of the major authors, works, genres, and movements in German literature from 1920 to the present. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours. May be repeated to a maximum of 6 undergraduate hours or 6 graduate hours if topic varies.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 489",
    "name": "Theoretical Foundations of SLA",
    "description": "Same as FR 481, ITAL 489, LING 489, PORT 489, and SPAN 489. See LING 489.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 493",
    "name": "German Cinema I",
    "description": "Focus on the rise of German film from its earliest beginnings until 1945. Same as MACS 493. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 494",
    "name": "German Cinema II",
    "description": "Study of German film from 1945 until the present. Same as MACS 494. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 500",
    "name": "Readings in German Grads I",
    "description": "Introduction to the reading of German texts in the sciences and the humanities. Credit is not given towards a graduate degree.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 510",
    "name": "Introduction to Graduate Study",
    "description": "Bibliography and methodology of the study of the Germanic languages and literatures, with particular regard to German literature and Germanic linguistics; introduction to scholarship in general and the German profession in particular, including the modes and methods of scholarly endeavor.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 511",
    "name": "Applied Literary Translation I",
    "description": "Same as CWL 511, EALC 511, SLAV 501, and TRST 501. See TRST 501.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 512",
    "name": "Applied LiteraryTranslation II",
    "description": "Same as CWL 512, EALC 512, SLAV 502, and TRST 502. See TRST 502.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 515",
    "name": "Middle High German",
    "description": "Same as MDVL 515.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 570",
    "name": "Modern Critical Theory",
    "description": "Comprehensive introduction to the foundational thinkers, texts, and schools that orient contemporary work in the humanities, from German Idealism to Cultural Studies, Queer Theory, and Postcolonial Theory, among others. The course is intended primarily for beginning graduate students, but also for those who feel they have not covered the development of critical theory in a systematic way. The course will include significant discussion of figures including: Kant, Hegel, Marx, Nietzsche, Freud, Adorno, Lacan, Derrida, Foucault, Said, Spivak. Among the topics we will address are: history, the subject, aesthetics, value, power, language, ideology, materiality, gender, sexuality, race, and technology/media studies. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 571",
    "name": "Medieval German Studies",
    "description": "Seminar in selected genres, themes, or authors of the Middle Ages. Epic, lyric, and didactic works in prose and verse are read in the original language. Same as MDVL 571. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 572",
    "name": "Early Modern German Studies",
    "description": "Seminar in selected genres, themes, or authors of the early modern period (1500-1700). 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 573",
    "name": "18thC German Studies",
    "description": "Seminar in selected genres, themes, or authors of the eighteenth century. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated in separate semesters to a maximum of 12 hours if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 574",
    "name": "19thC German Studies",
    "description": "Seminar in selected genres, themes, or authors of the nineteenth century. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated in separate semesters to a maximum of 12 hours if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 575",
    "name": "20thC German Studies",
    "description": "Seminar in selected genres, themes, or authors of the twentieth century. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated in separate semesters to a maximum of 12 hours if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 576",
    "name": "Open Seminar in German Studies",
    "description": "Seminar in literary phenomena (such as movements, genres and forms, relations, themes and types, interdisciplinary studies, women's studies) that go beyond the confines of a particular century. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated in separate semesters to a maximum of 12 hours if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 580",
    "name": "Classroom Language Acquisition",
    "description": "Same as EIL 580, FR 580, ITAL 580, PORT 580, and SPAN 580. See SPAN 580.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 582",
    "name": "German Language Teaching",
    "description": "In-depth exploration of fundamental concepts of teaching German at the college level; designed for Teaching Assistants. Topics include teaching approaches, lesson planning, vocabulary, grammar, listening, speaking, reading, writing, culture, assessment, instructional technology, and curriculum design. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 584",
    "name": "Theories in Second Language Acquisition",
    "description": "Same as CI 584, EALC 584, EPSY 563, FR 584, ITAL 584, LING 584, PORT 584, and SPAN 584. See SPAN 584.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 588",
    "name": "Sem Second Lang Learn",
    "description": "Same as EALC 588, FR 588, ITAL 588, LING 588, PORT 588, and SPAN 588. See SPAN 588.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 593",
    "name": "Research in Special Topics",
    "description": "May be repeated to a maximum of 8 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GER 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 100",
    "name": "Introduction to Meteorology",
    "description": "Same as ATMS 100. See ATMS 100.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 101",
    "name": "Global Development & Environment",
    "description": "Introduces geographical perspectives on environment and development studies with case studies drawn from Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Investigates the origins of the global South in relation to the global North, especially the historical and contemporary processes driving environmental, economic, and cultural change.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 103",
    "name": "Earth's Physical Systems",
    "description": "A basic introduction to the environmental systems of the Earth's surface, including landforms, soils, and ecosystems and how these systems are affected by global change. Emphasizes the importance of human-Earth relations and a holistic view of environmental systems. Same as ESE 103.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 104",
    "name": "Social and Cultural Geography",
    "description": "Introduces the basic concepts of social and cultural geography, and the application of these concepts to a variety of topics; mental maps, territoriality, cultural regions, cultural elements and their diffusion, population movement and migration, settlement patterns, environmental hazards, and spatial patterns of social problems.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 106",
    "name": "Geographies of Globalization",
    "description": "A survey of major world regions by systematically considering five themes: environment, population and settlement patterns, cultural coherence and diversity, geopolitical fragmentation and unity, and economic and social development. While examining the persistence of unique regions, the course will both scale up to global linkages and scale down to place-specific impacts of globalization processes. Same as ESE 106.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Undergraduate Open Seminar. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 204",
    "name": "Cities of the World",
    "description": "In-depth exploration of global urbanization. Using a comparative regional approach, discuss the recent history of global urbanization, dissect its problems, and offer possible solutions. Approximately ten major regions of the world will be examined, exploring the significant urban patterns and processes, built and natural environments, and social, economic, and cultural landscapes of each.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 210",
    "name": "Social & Environmental Issues",
    "description": "Introduction to the complex relationship between people and the natural environment from a social science perspective. Explores different approaches to environmental issues, and examines the role of population change, political economy, technologies, environmental policymaking, and social institutions in causing and resolving contemporary social and environmental global issues. Same as ESE 210.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 220",
    "name": "Landscapes, Ecosystems and Environmental Change",
    "description": "Addresses the fundamental question of how science can guide sustainable management of landscapes and the associated ecosystems in the era of rapid global environmental change. To achieve this goal, we will integrate basic concepts and methods from a range of disciplines, including earth sciences, ecology, environmental management, and environmental studies.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 221",
    "name": "Geographies of Global Conflict",
    "description": "Focuses on geopolitical conflicts over ideology, resources, and territory from the mid-nineteenth century to the present. Examines these conflicts from the perspectives of political geography and political theory. Same as GLBL 221.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 222",
    "name": "Big Rivers of the World",
    "description": "An interdisciplinary approach to the study of big rivers, encompassing geomorphology, engineering, ecology, risk assessment and planning. Commencing with an assessment of the nature of big rivers; their hydrology and geomorphic setting; hazards associated with large rivers, and issues of river impoundment and management, then proceed to examine the geography, geomorphology, and ecology and management of a range of the World's greatest rivers, focusing on how a geomorphological understanding of such large rivers can aid study of riverine ecohabitats and inform decisions regarding water usage and engineering management. If the weather permits, a one day field-trip will be organized in the second half of the course to view aspects of a local river in Illinois/Indiana. Same as ESE 222.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 223",
    "name": "Geopolitics & Technology",
    "description": "Examines the role of engineers, technology, and geopolitics from the mid-nineteenth century to the present. Colonialism, the world wars, the Cold War, the War on Terror and other historical contexts are covered. Present-day politics are grounded in these longer histories to illustrate how engineering and technology continue to transform geopolitical relations.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 224",
    "name": "Environmental Data Science",
    "description": "Systematic analysis of the environmental and human processes shaping rural and urban Illinois through a data science lens.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 254",
    "name": "People, Places, and Environments of the US",
    "description": "Students will broaden their understanding of how the United States' physical and human geography interact to produce unique cultural landscapes. Covers multiple regions of the U.S., exploring the significant spatial patterns and processes, built and natural environments, and social, economic, and cultural landscapes of each. Focuses on the experiences of minority cultures in the U.S. through specific themes that vary by semester, including environmental justice, memory and memorials, music, and food. Same as ESE 254.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 280",
    "name": "Intro to Social Statistics",
    "description": "Same as SOC 280. See SOC 280.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 287",
    "name": "Environment and Society",
    "description": "Same as Same as ESE 287, NRES 287, and PS 273. See NRES 287.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 350",
    "name": "Sustainability and the City",
    "description": "Examination of the tools, techniques, strategies, and rationales that can be used by urbanists to produce and sustain a productive, fair, and equitable city. Emphasis is placed on diagnosing, implementing, and sustaining an ideal U.S. city as a complex whole that embeds an array of interconnecting parts (neighborhoods, retail districts, downtowns, city economies). Lectures and discussion cover the broad background of theories, concepts, and principles that will be essential for imagining and implementing these ideals, strategies and plans. Same as ESE 350.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 370",
    "name": "Water Planet, Water Crisis",
    "description": "Same as ESE 320 and GEOL 370. See ESE 320.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 379",
    "name": "Introduction to Geographic Information Systems",
    "description": "Investigates the fundamentals of geographic information science as well as the basic skills in the execution of that theoretical knowledge with industry standard software packages. Student will learn the basics of projections and coordinate systems, how geographic information is stored and manipulated, and the theory and practice behind the production of thematic maps. Includes lecture and hands-on laboratory components. Same as ESE 379.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 384",
    "name": "Population Geography",
    "description": "Problems and issues surrounding the geographic distribution of populations at the world, regional, and local levels; emphasizes problems associated with population growth and decline, recent population redistribution, births and deaths, and elderly and minority populations.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 401",
    "name": "Watershed Hydrology",
    "description": "Same as NRES 401. See NRES 401.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 403",
    "name": "Geographic Information Science and Systems",
    "description": "Introduces the conceptual and technical fundamentals of geographic information science as a gateway to advanced study in geographic information science, and cover geographic information science as an interdisciplinary scientific field and geographic information systems as a tool in many application domains. Students will be introduced to unique characteristics of geospatial data in the capture, processing, storage, analysis, communication, and interpretation of geospatial information, which will prepare them to utilize information science techniques and critical spatial-thinking skills to address geospatially-related challenges. 4 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours. Prerequisite: There are no prerequisites for this course, although familiarity with basic descriptive and inferential statistics as well as some experience with at least one computer scripting/programming language will be helpful.",
    "prerequisites": "There are no prerequisites for this course, although familiarity with basic descriptive and inferential statistics as well as some experience with at least one computer scripting/programming language will be helpful."
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 407",
    "name": "Foundations of CyberGIS & Geospatial Data Science",
    "description": "Intended to introduce students to CyberGIS – Geospatial Information Science and Systems (GIS) based on advanced cyberinfrastructure as well as the state of the art in high-performance computing, big data, and cloud computing in the context of geospatial data science. Students will use CyberGISX, which is an innovative cyberGIS framework for conducting data-intensive, reproducible, and scalable geospatial analytics with Jupyter Notebook as its primary user environment. Students are expected to learn how to develop Jupyter notebooks to analyze and visualize geospatial data using leading-edge cyberGIS software and python libraries. Emphasis is placed on learning the cutting-edge advances of cyberGIS and its underlying geospatial data science principles. Same as GEOL 407. 4 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 410",
    "name": "Green Development",
    "description": "Theory and practice of sustainable development. Course materials draw upon theoretical and case study material from the social and natural sciences to analyze environment and development relations with emphasis on the Global South. Same as ESE 410. 4 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 421",
    "name": "Earth Systems Modeling",
    "description": "Same as ATMS 421, ESE 421, GEOL 481, and NRES 422. See ATMS 421.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 436",
    "name": "Biogeography",
    "description": "Same as ANTH 436, ESE 439, IB 439, and NRES 441. See IB 439.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 440",
    "name": "Business Applications of GIS",
    "description": "Design and implementation of GIS for business and strategic planning applications. Course goals include: (1) provide students with an understanding of Geographic Information Systems; (2) provide students with an understanding of how GIS can be applied in various business applications; (3) familiarize students with GIS and modeling techniques; (4) provide students with opportunities to work with various data sources through a project related to their own interest in business. Same as BADM 440. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 446",
    "name": "Sustainable Planning Seminar",
    "description": "Same as LA 446, UP 446, and NRES 446. See LA 446.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 455",
    "name": "Geography of Sub-Saharan Africa",
    "description": "Regional geography of Africa south of the Sahara. Geographic analysis of Africa which includes topics in both physical and human geography and provides a general overview of the processes and interactions between human and environmental factors that shape Africa's physical and human geography. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 459",
    "name": "Ecohydraulics",
    "description": "Same as CEE 459. See CEE 459.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 465",
    "name": "Transportation &Sustainability",
    "description": "Descriptors of transportation systems; transportation as an industrial activity and public good; and transportation and spatial development, including the role of transportation in urban and regional development. Emphasis on the economic, environmental, and social aspects of sustainability as they apply to transportation systems and the activities they enable at local, regional, national and global levels. Field trip required. Same as ESE 465. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 471",
    "name": "Modern Geographic Thought",
    "description": "Examination of recent trends in human and physical geography. Themes include empiricism, logical positivism, regionalism, Marxism, realism, phenomenology, and postmodernism as applied to geographic research. Emerging geographic literature is explored to identify the latest conceptual developments. 4 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 473",
    "name": "Digital Cartography & Map Design",
    "description": "Instruction and practice in the basic techniques of map making followed by a consideration of problems involved in the construction of maps for presentation in a reproduced form (i.e., printed, photographed); the selection of proper source materials for the base and body of the map, the compilation and correlation of these materials, and methods of mechanical and photographic reproduction. 4 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 482",
    "name": "Challenges of Sustainability",
    "description": "Same as ESE 482 and GEOL 483. See ESE 482.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 483",
    "name": "Urban Geography",
    "description": "Broad background of theories, concepts, and methods of research for understanding how and why our cities have reached their current status. Focus on examining the internal structure of the North American city, including analysis of the commercial, industrial, and residential sectors of the urban environment. Particular emphasis is placed on the range of urban theories developed to explain both urban structure and contemporary urban ills. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 484",
    "name": "Cities, Crime, and Space",
    "description": "Focusing on US cities, this theory-intensive course surveys traditional and critical perspectives on relations between crime, space, and place. We will explore this interplay within broader contexts of industrial and post-industrial urbanization, concentrating on dynamics including governances, economic processes, and social transformations. Emphasis will be placed on the extent to which these interwoven processes generate, classify, organize, and react to crime across cityscapes. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 495",
    "name": "Advanced Topics in Geography",
    "description": "Explores special topics not covered in regularly scheduled Geography courses. 3 or 4 undergraduate hours. 3 or 4 graduate hours. May be repeated if topics vary in the same term to a maximum of 9 undergraduate hours or 12 graduate hours or in separate terms to a maximum of 12 undergraduate hours or 12 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 496",
    "name": "Climate & Social Vulnerability",
    "description": "Existing climate variability and likely climate change call for policies to protect vulnerable people who make their livelihoods in a changing environment. Students will explore: 1) causes of climate related stress and disaster; 2) theories of vulnerability and adaptation; 3) practices and policies designed to reduce economic loss, hunger, famine and dislocation in the face of climate trends and events. Focus on multiple policy scales affecting poor and marginal populations, who are disproportionately vulnerable when facing climate stress, drawing on case examples primarily from the developing world. Same as ATMS 446 and SOC 451. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 517",
    "name": "Geospatial Visualization & Visual Analytics",
    "description": "Intended to introduce students to geospatial visualization and visual analytics as well as the state-of-the-art of cartographic mapping and visualization technologies in the context of cyberGIS (cyber geospatial information science and systems) and geospatial data science. Students will learn open source mapping and visualization libraries such as Leaflet, D3 and Plotly and how to mash up these libraries to create interactive and dynamic visualization tools and GIS applications. Students are expected to learn how to visualize not only geospatial data but also results of spatial analysis. Emphasis is placed on learning the cutting-edge advances of geospatial visualization and visual analytics and practical skills to create geospatial applications based on such advances. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 560",
    "name": "Spatial Epidemiology",
    "description": "Same as PATH 560. See PATH 560.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 561",
    "name": "Landscapes and Human Health",
    "description": "Same as LA 570. See LA 570.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 570",
    "name": "Advanced Spatial Analysis",
    "description": "Advanced techniques of spatial analysis, including spatial autocorrelation, trend surface analysis, grouping and regionalization procedures, and point pattern analysis. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 587",
    "name": "Qualitative Research Methods",
    "description": "Same as UP 587. See UP 587.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 590",
    "name": "Graduate Independent Study",
    "description": "Independent research project or thesis topic development to be supervised by Geography & GIS faculty advisor. 1 to 8 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated in separate semesters. After passing the Preliminary Exam, PhD candidates should register for GGIS 599: Thesis Research instead of this course.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 593",
    "name": "Geography & GIS Colloquium",
    "description": "Weekly research presentations by invited speakers and Geography & GIS PhD students on a wide range of topics. Required for all GGIS graduate (excluding PSM) students. 0 graduate hours. 0 professional hours. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated in separate terms.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 594",
    "name": "Seminar in Social Geography",
    "description": "Advanced study of current research in social geography; topic will vary from term to term. Prepares students for thesis and dissertation research through the study of relevant literature and completion of a research paper. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 595",
    "name": "Graduate Seminar",
    "description": "Graduate-level exploration of a topic in Geography & GIS that is not covered by an existing course. Topics and instructors vary by semester. 1 to 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 598",
    "name": "Graduate Capstone Project",
    "description": "Major individual project that demonstrates the student's ability to solve an advanced geospatial problem or develop a GIS-based application. Student will work closely with a faculty capstone advisor to determine the project focus and expected outcome(s). 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GGIS 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Individual research under supervision of members of the faculty in their respective fields. 0 to 16 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 100",
    "name": "Intro to Global Studies",
    "description": "Foundation course for understanding a range of contemporary issues and learning to analyze them from multiple disciplinary perspectives. Students consider globalizing trends within themes of wealth and poverty; population, cultures, and human rights; environment and sustainability; and governance, conflict, and cooperation. Course objectives are to enhance knowledge of human cultures, their interactions and impacts on the world; develop skills for successfully negotiating realities of contemporary societies; and promote values for global learning, diversity, and sustainable futures.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 118",
    "name": "Natural Disasters",
    "description": "Same as ESE 118 and GEOL 118. See GEOL 118.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 130",
    "name": "Resistance Movements",
    "description": "Is it possible for a group of people to have secure human rights when the same rights are being denied to large groups of people based on their identity? This course takes a comparative survey approach to social movements of U.S. groups seeking to overcome discrimination across political, economic, and social spheres. The cases covered take place over the course of centuries and represent a wide range of racial, ethnic, and gender groups, but they also contain many similar ideological features rooted in social movement literature. A close study of these movements demonstrates that human rights are not freely recognized or bestowed, but must be achieved by struggle.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "See Class Schedule for topics. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same or separate terms to a maximum of 6 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 200",
    "name": "Foundations of Research",
    "description": "Introduction to the foundations of interdisciplinary social science research. Topic include understanding the purpose for research, identifying researchable issues, finding evaluating and using sources effectively, recognizing methods associated with different types of data and disciplines, and writing a literature review. Prepares students for course-based research papers and advanced research methods courses. Guest faculty present their Global Studies-relevant research as students (b)log their own research interests.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 201",
    "name": "Energy Systems",
    "description": "Same as NPRE 201. See NPRE 201.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 220",
    "name": "Governance",
    "description": "Gateway course into the Governance thematic area for Global Studies majors providing an introduction to important themes, problems and approaches to global governance in a series of issue areas, including security, economics, migration, and the environment. Covers the historical development of the international system as well as contemporary controversies. Case studies are used to explore the strength and weaknesses of current governance approaches, and students will conduct independent research into existing structures.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 221",
    "name": "Geographies of Global Conflict",
    "description": "Same as GGIS 221. See GGIS 221.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 225",
    "name": "Career Development:Internships",
    "description": "Teaches students with global studies academic interests how to identify internships and service-learning learning opportunities relevant to their major. Students prepare application materials, conduct informational interviews, participate in mock job interviews, explore networking strategies, and create a career narrative that represents their academic interests and skills. Prepares students on what to expect from their internships and how to develop and apply leadership skills.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 228",
    "name": "Terrorism, Past and Present",
    "description": "Same as HIST 257. See HIST 257.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 240",
    "name": "Global Health",
    "description": "Introduction to issues and problems in global health. As the world becomes more and more interconnected it is important for students to be aware of health issues from a global perspective. We will consider a variety of issues that influence the health of different population and countries. The topics to be discussed include: the environment, nutrition, education, the medical system, culture, and agency involvement in health. Case studies will be used to demonstrate some successes at addressing these issues and problems that were encountered.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 250",
    "name": "Development",
    "description": "An interdisciplinary introduction to the theory and practice of international development. Topics include: defining development, how ideas have changed over time, and the interventions used in development work and their impacts.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 251",
    "name": "Warfare Milit Insts & Soc",
    "description": "Same as HIST 251. See HIST 251.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 260",
    "name": "Global Human Rights",
    "description": "Examines how ideas about human rights are defined and how they are differentially deployed. Looks at human rights claims and crises, and examines how governmental and non-governmental individuals and organizations have sought to deal with human rights violations in order to address problems of justice, retribution, and reconciliation at personal, national, and international levels.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 270",
    "name": "Introduction to Global Markets and Society",
    "description": "Introduction to global markets and economic systems and their evolving relationship with societies in the global North and South. Presents interdisciplinary perspectives on business structures and conduct with emphasis on (1) the philosophical foundations of economic systems; (2) international business networks and technological innovation; (3) business environments in non-Western settings; (4) global workforce composition and divisions of labor; (5) the relationships between business, development and the environment; and (6) international organizations that support the spread of global business.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 272",
    "name": "Language and Culture in Turkey",
    "description": "Same as ANTH 272, SAME 272, and TURK 270. See TURK 270.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 280",
    "name": "Nuclear Weapons & Arms Control",
    "description": "Same as PHYS 280. See PHYS 280.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 283",
    "name": "Intro to Intl Security",
    "description": "Same as PS 283. See PS 283.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 296",
    "name": "Global St Foundation Seminar",
    "description": "Examination of current controversies and larger ethical issues in today's global society. Topics could include: immigration, global environmental debates, and population issues. May be repeated in the same or separate terms to a maximum of 3 hours if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 298",
    "name": "Global Studies Seminar Abroad",
    "description": "Seminars introduce students to aspects of globalization through a case study of a particular location abroad. On campus, students explore historical and contemporary aspects of the location abroad to prepare for their field visit. Abroad, students engage with local resources and people to better understand how the local site contributes to and is impacted by relevant global processes under focus. Course activities will include a field site visit abroad, discussions, lectures, short essays, student presentation, and final projects. Topics vary according to site location and instructor expertise. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 6 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 350",
    "name": "Poverty in a Global Context",
    "description": "Examines global poverty in the context of international development debates an practice. Despite global commitments (for example, the Millennium Development Goals), decades of research, and new and innovative policies, the \"solution\" to widespread and lasting poverty alleviation remains elusive. Class will define poverty and how it is measured, considered who is poor and why some people are more vulnerable to the negative effects of poverty than others, and examine what causes some countries to remain poor.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 356",
    "name": "Comparative Political Economy",
    "description": "Same as PS 356. See PS 356.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 357",
    "name": "Ethnic Conflict",
    "description": "Same as PS 357. See PS 357.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 392",
    "name": "Int Diplomacy and Negotiation",
    "description": "Examines the complexities of international diplomacy and negotiations among states and other actors. Focuses on three main subject areas: negotiation analysis, applied negotiation, and the interaction of practical considerations that affect negotiations. Utilizes theoretical, case-based, and active-learning approaches during the semester as topics are explored in detail. Issues and topics include security, public health, economic development, human rights, and the environment.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 403",
    "name": "Women in Muslim Societies",
    "description": "Same as ANTH 403, GWS 403, HIST 434, REL 403, and SAME 403. See REL 403.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 480",
    "name": "Energy and Security",
    "description": "Same as NPRE 480 and PS 480. See NPRE 480.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 481",
    "name": "Writing on Technol & Security",
    "description": "Same as NPRE 481. See NPRE 481.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 483",
    "name": "Seminar on Security",
    "description": "Same as NPRE 483. See NPRE 483.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GLBL 570",
    "name": "Methodologies of Global Studies",
    "description": "Explores research methodologies within the social sciences and humanities that are often used for research concerning global and globalized problems. Examines both qualitative and quantitative methods with the aim of introducing students to tools and techniques that can be used in professional settings. Focuses on modeling, GIS, statistics, and other quantitative methods and also examines qualitative research methods. Rather than mastery of any one technology or method, this course seeks to build conversance with a variety of methods. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GMC 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GRK 101",
    "name": "Elementary Greek I",
    "description": "Introduces ancient Greek (both classical and koine), including the reading of simple prose. Same as REL 111.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GRK 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GRK 511",
    "name": "Advanced Composition",
    "description": "Practice in writing continuous Greek prose, with special attention to stylistic problems.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GRK 599",
    "name": "Thesis Research",
    "description": "Guidance in writing theses for advanced degrees. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GRKM 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated in separate terms.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GRKM 201",
    "name": "Elementary Modern Greek I",
    "description": "Develops elementary proficiency in spoken and written Modern Greek, and introduces elements of cultural knowledge. Familiarizes beginning students with the Greek alphabet and modern Greek pronunciation rules, and introduces Modern Greek morphology and syntax. Emphasizes listening comprehension, reading skills, and basic conversational skills. Online language laboratory and internet assignments required.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GRKM 260",
    "name": "Decolonizing the Body: Eros and the Erotic in the Poetry of C.P. Cavafy",
    "description": "An English-translation literary survey of the work of Alexandrian Greek poet Constantine Cavafy (1863-1933). The course includes historical background about national and diasporic Greek communities in the eastern Mediterranean as well as an introduction to queer theory and postcolonial literary criticism. Students encounter the writings of nineteenth century Greek intellectuals who helped formulate Greek cultural identity as well as the ground-breaking work of women scholars in the present day, including Margaret Alexiou and Despina Solomi.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GS 101",
    "name": "Exploring General Studies",
    "description": "An introduction to the opportunities and resources available to the \"undeclared\" students enrolled in the Division of General Studies at Illinois. Introduces students to the breadth of diverse fields of study available, prepares DGS students for myriad potential careers, and helps foster a sense of collaboration and engagement through campus orientation, study, and project-based assignments. May not be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GS 198",
    "name": "DGS Honors Seminar",
    "description": "Approved for both letter and S/U grading.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GS 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Approved for both letter and S/U grading. May be repeated for a maximum of 6 hours if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GSD 101",
    "name": "Introduction to Game Studies and Design",
    "description": "This broad survey course will provide students across campus an introduction to interdisciplinary game studies, covering both historical/social perspectives and game design. It will explore humanities, social science understandings of play, and the social contexts from which our games and gaming practices arise, as well as the development and consequences of gaming cultures. This course will serve as a broad introduction to issues covered in greater depth in upper-level courses available for students pursuing an Undergraduate Minor in Game Studies & Design.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GSD 102",
    "name": "Introduction to the Videogame Industry",
    "description": "Designed to introduce individuals to the Video Game Industry, its history, current status, processes and future. It includes a survey of the positions and information about how to prepare to enter the Industry.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GSD 103",
    "name": "The Basics of Game Design",
    "description": "Will introduce you to the tools and principles of game design, as well as the history of game studies and the maker movement. You will learn some of the introductory tools and techniques for rapid prototyping along with exploring games, their history, impacts, and design.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GSD 202",
    "name": "Let’s Play: Understanding the Role of Play in Life and Art",
    "description": "Explores the ways that play is integrated into our socio-cultural fabric. Students will develop a broad understanding of play in different contexts: its history, play and nature, play in human development, learning, play spaces, games, art, and in futurist thinking. Chief among the goals for the course is an emphasis on play as a fundamental and enriching force for people of all ages, and something to cultivate in life and in art.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GSD 204",
    "name": "Gender in Gaming",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 277, GWS 204 and MACS 204. See GWS 204.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GSD 403",
    "name": "An Introduction to Top Down Video Game Design",
    "description": "The emphasis of this course is on developing an understanding of top down video game design using the various design methodologies and tools introduced in class. Students will form small groups (4-6) and work on their own design within a selected genre (to be determined at the beginning of the semester). Areas of focus include high level design vision, audience evaluation, User Interface and its impact on the design, iteration of a series of design documents (high, medium and low level) and the team dynamics of communication, critique and integration. The goal of the class is to have the small teams use the concepts and the tools taught in class to create a complete design document that will be cataloged for later use. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GSD 405",
    "name": "Introduction to the Video Game Development Process",
    "description": "The emphasis of this course is understanding the video game development process as seen in current Game Studios. The course will focus on key elements of the process including the development timeline, scheduling, prototyping, iteration, QA, game builds and player research. The goal will be to take a design document from a catalog of designs that have already been created and implement one or more of them using the game development process. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours. Credit is not given for GSD 405 and INFO 490 DC \"The Video Game Dev Process\" sections.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GSD 409",
    "name": "Design & Programming of Narrative Games & Simulations",
    "description": "Introduction to the narrative design process for the authoring of text-based digital games and simulations. You will become proficient in Inform 7, a programming language and design system for parser-based interactive fiction (IF). By the end of the semester you will have developed a game or literary work of IF and made a substantive contribution to a collaborative project. No prior programming knowledge is required for students to be successful in the course. Students will be expected to bring a laptop to class. Please note that this course teaches design and programming techniques for \"parser-based\" interactive fiction, and does not cover Twine, or other hyper-text based interactive narrative systems. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours. Credit is not given for GSD 409 and INFO 490 JP, JPU or JPG \"Design & Prog Text Based Games\" sections.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GSD 411",
    "name": "Interactive Fiction with Twine",
    "description": "This studio course explores the intersection of interactivity and the written word—encompassing fiction, nonfiction, and poetry. Although many of the works examined in the course contain gameplay mechanics, the course’s focus is on the expressive possibilities of interactive storytelling. Students will create hypertext narratives using Twine software. No prior programming experience is assumed. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GSD 500",
    "name": "Colloquium in Game Studies & Design",
    "description": "This once weekly orientation to graduate study in games studies and game design at the University of Illinois will be offered in fall semesters and will feature presentations of research and professional activities by faculty, advanced graduate students, and staff who will share their game-related research and design projects and provide students with a broad introduction to critical, theoretical and methodological approaches to the field. Some sessions will meet in labs and makerspaces around campus, familiarizing students with facilities and support services available to them for their own research and design projects. Students are required to take this course once for credit. Graduate students enrolled in the Graduate Minor will be expected to return to the seminar as a guest speaker near the end of their program, to share their work. 0 to 1 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated for 1 credit only once, or for 0 credit multiple times.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GSD 502",
    "name": "Seminar in Game Studies",
    "description": "An in-depth interdisciplinary exploration of significant areas of social, psychological, historical, and critical inquiry in game studies. Course readings and guest speakers will help to stimulate discussion on theoretical approaches, methodological issues and other aspects of contemporary game studies research to provide an intellectual community for students across academic disciplines. Students will have the opportunity to share their work, and their particular disciplinary approaches to game studies during the semester. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GSD 503",
    "name": "Seminar in Game Design",
    "description": "This team-taught seminar provides students an in-depth exploration of game design methodologies across a range of modalities (board games, interactive narrative games, role-playing games, video games, escape rooms). This course is meant to create an intellectual community for game studies minors whose main interest is in the design and development of games, either by themselves, or with applications in their own disciplinary areas. Guest speakers from participating units across campus will present their work as it pertains to game design and development. Graduate level readings will address contemporary game design challenges. Students who take this course as part of their minor degree will be expected to return to the seminar as a guest speaker near the end of their program, to share their game design accomplishments or ongoing work. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GSD 511",
    "name": "Game Development I",
    "description": "The focus of this course is on implementing professional studio business practices into the planning of interactive projects. Areas of focus include high level design vision, audience evaluation, User Interface and its impact on the design, iteration of a series of design documents (high, medium and low level) and the team dynamics of communication, critique and integration. Students will create work plans, development documents, and a prototype for a collaborative game project. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GSD 514",
    "name": "Practicum in Game Development II",
    "description": "Students enrolled in this course receive credit for their internship in a partner game industry studio providing professional training and experience within their concentration. Students will work with department heads to create assigned set pieces, production tools, and other assets specific to their concentration that will be incorporated into a studio based project within the industry. Students’ practicum experiences will be supervised by a GSD affiliated faculty member and by the GSD internship coordinator. 4 TO 8 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated in separate terms up to 32 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GSD 590",
    "name": "Special Topics in Game Studies & Design",
    "description": "Allows for affiliated Game Studies & Design faculty to propose and offer new courses on emerging and special topics of immediate interest. Students will experience an in-depth exploration of significant and emerging areas of social, psychological, historical, and critical game studies, focusing on theoretical approaches, methodological issues and aspects of contemporary game studies research and/or design. 1 to 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated up to 8 hours in same or separate semester to a total of 24 hours as topics vary",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GSD 597",
    "name": "Independent Study in Game Studies & Design",
    "description": "Advanced individual study in a subject related to Game Studies and Design not covered in normal course offerings. Project examples include comprehensive literature reviews on a topic of special or emerging interest, small research projects (e.g. surveys or play-testing experiments), development projects (e.g. building a game based on a design developed as part of another course), or other study approved by the instructor. Pre-approval is required and an approved advisor must commit to supervise the independent study. 1 to 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in separate semesters to a total of 12 hours",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 100",
    "name": "Intro Gender & Women's Studies",
    "description": "Interdisciplinary introduction to the study of gender, women, and sexuality. Addresses issues such as social experience, representation and popular culture, femininities and masculinities, family structure, education, employment, economics, literature and the arts, religion, history, and technology. Explores interrelationships of race, ethnicity, sexuality, gender, ability, and age from a transnational perspective. Same as HDFS 140 and SOC 130.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 103",
    "name": "Black Women in the Diaspora",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 103 and AFST 103. See AFRO 103.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Approved for letter and S/U grading. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 201",
    "name": "Race, Gender & Power",
    "description": "Presents multiple windows into perceptions and perspectives upon gender, sexuality, power, identity and culture, and their multiple intersections. The concept of race in its many manifestations is used to examine relationships of self to society, state institutions and cultures. By paying greater attention to race and power, nuanced understandings of the way the gender systems are maintained, patrolled and formed will be examined. Topics may include: film, media, technology, culture, religion, identities, sexualities. Same as SOC 201.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 202",
    "name": "Sexualities",
    "description": "Surveys sexualities from multiple perspectives, standpoints, disciplines, and theories. How have different cultures, different people, and different viewpoints understood, shaped, and interpreted sex, sexualities and genders? Course places the concept of sexuality at its core to examine citizenship, education, reproduction, science, tourism, urban/rural space, and politics. Topics may include: gender, race, identities, power, transformation, reproduction. Same as SOC 202.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 204",
    "name": "Gender in Gaming",
    "description": "Examines the history of gender in videogames, focusing on how the embodied elements of play as well as the spatial logics of games function to promote and resist representation, as well as how games designed by women and people of color are transforming how and why we play games. Same as ENGL 277, GSD 204, and MACS 204.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 215",
    "name": "US Citizenship Comparatively",
    "description": "Same as AAS 215, AIS 295, AFRO 215, and LLS 215. See AAS 215.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 218",
    "name": "Intro to Social Issues Theatre",
    "description": "Same as THEA 218. See THEA 218.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 226",
    "name": "Black Women Contemp US Society",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 226 and SOC 223. See AFRO 226.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 230",
    "name": "Latina/o Genders & Sexualities",
    "description": "Same as LLS 230. See LLS 230.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 235",
    "name": "Race and the Politics of Reproduction",
    "description": "Same as LLS 235. See LLS 235.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 240",
    "name": "Gender & Sexuality in Greco-Roman Antiquity",
    "description": "Same as CLCV 240 and CWL 262. See CLCV 240.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 245",
    "name": "Wives, Workers and Witches in Pre-Modern Europe",
    "description": "Same as HIST 245 and MDVL 245. See HIST 245.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 250",
    "name": "Gender and Representation",
    "description": "Focusing primarily on gender, race, sexuality, and their intersections, this introductory course analyzes the politics of representation drawn from popular culture, painting, television and film, literature, music, religion, and new media.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 255",
    "name": "Queer Lives, Queer Politics",
    "description": "Investigates queer lives in relation to dominant ideas about \"deviance\" and \"equal rights.\" Drawing on case studies, the course investigates questions related to nation, race, economy, bodies, drugs, health, identities, agency and action as they intersect with contemporary queer politics. Students will learn conceptual and qualitative methods to investigate issues related to queer lives. Same as SOC 255.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 258",
    "name": "Sex in Nature and Culture",
    "description": "Same as ANTH 258. See ANTH 258.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 262",
    "name": "Women's Lives",
    "description": "Same as ANTH 262. See ANTH 262.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 263",
    "name": "History of Medicine in the United States",
    "description": "Same as HIST 263. See HIST 263.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 270",
    "name": "Sexuality and Literature",
    "description": "Same as GER 270 and CWL 272. See CWL 272.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 272",
    "name": "Women and Politics",
    "description": "Same as PS 272. See PS 272.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 275",
    "name": "The Politics of Fashion",
    "description": "Clothing is a medium for fashioning identities from commodities, and it is hardly surprising that political and social tensions are embodied in its fabrications. The politics of dress indicates inseparable links between cultures, aesthetics, and politics, as demonstrated in debates about Muslim practices of veiling, the role of clothing in colonialism’s \"civilizing\" mission, immigrant and \"third world\" sweatshop labor, fashion policing and subcultural style, and the fashion and modeling industries. Clearly manifest throughout these politics is the role of gender, race, nation, and sexuality, as relations of power and as critical factors for social life and creative imagination. This course requires weekly written reflections on the required readings; a written midterm; and a final project, which can be either a research paper or a creative project. The course also requires in-class participation (which will include pop quizzes, group discussion, and other exercises) and one individual or group presentation. The course thus provides students an opportunity to develop their critical skills in both oral and written form. Same as AAS 275.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 280",
    "name": "Women Writers",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 280. See ENGL 280.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 281",
    "name": "Women in the Literary Imagination",
    "description": "Same as ENGL 281. See ENGL 281.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 282",
    "name": "Feminist and Queer Activisms",
    "description": "From anti-lynching campaigns to Black Lives Matter, Wages for Housework to domestic worker organizing, ACT UP to queer migration politics, this course examines the history of feminist, queer, and anti-racist movements. We will pay particular attention to women of color theorists and activists, and the ways in which they develop interdisciplinary and intersectional approaches to activism and advocacy. Same as AAS 282 and LLS 282.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 285",
    "name": "US Gender History to 1877",
    "description": "Same as HIST 285. See HIST 285.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 286",
    "name": "US Gender History Since 1877",
    "description": "Same as HIST 286. See HIST 286.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 287",
    "name": "African-American Women",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 287 and HIST 287. See HIST 287.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 288",
    "name": "Global Islam and Feminisms",
    "description": "Examines gender and sexuality in Muslim-majority societies and diasporas. Introduces students to transnational feminist theories and methodologies in order to examine key issues and debates. Topics include constructions of femininity and masculinity, imperialism and neo-imperialism, Islamic feminisms and exegesis, nationalisms, war and violence, sexuality, diaspora and transnationalism, and race and racialization. Same as AAS 288.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 295",
    "name": "Beginning Topics GWS",
    "description": "Approved for letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same term to a maximum of 9 hours; may be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 12 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 305",
    "name": "Theories of Race, Gender, and Sexuality",
    "description": "Same as AAS 300 and LLS 305. See AAS 300.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 315",
    "name": "War, Memory, and Cinema",
    "description": "Same as AAS 315. See AAS 315.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 316",
    "name": "Global Histories of Gender",
    "description": "Same as HIST 316. See HIST 316.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 320",
    "name": "Gender & Latina/o Migration",
    "description": "Same as LLS 320 and SOC 321. See LLS 320.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 333",
    "name": "Memoir & Autobiography",
    "description": "Explores the phenomenon of autobiography in the contemporary world. Students will read theories of autobiography, and ask questions about how writing about the self is gendered, and how representations of the self fare in the outside world. An important aspect of the course will be examinations of how changing media such as film, television talk shows and the Internet shape these representations. Students will be assigned to read and make a presentation on one of the supplementary texts of autobiographies chosen from authors in the First and Third worlds. Same as ENGL 333.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 335",
    "name": "Film, TV, and Gender",
    "description": "Examines the history and theory of film, television, and their interrelationship through one or more specific case studies. Topics may include: film and feminist movements; girl films; queer TV; gender, sport and TV. Focuses attention on gender and related issues such as race, ethnicity, sexuality, age, ability and disability, class, and nationality. Addresses issues of representation, narrative, genre, industry, audience, exhibition, media convergence, new and mobile media, and social space. Same as MACS 335.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 337",
    "name": "Interrogating Masculinities",
    "description": "Explores the social construction of gender as it pertains to masculinities in conjunction with analyses of race, class, gender, ability, and sexuality. Masculinities, in its various forms, shapes and lives of both women and men and this course will examine the construction, reproduction, and impact of masculinities on the institutions of politics, education, work, religion, sports, family, media, and the military to name a few. Paying careful attention to the conjunctions between materiality and culture, this course will interrogate how masculinities shape individual lives, groups, nationalisms, organizations, and institutions and will analyze the ways in which power functions within local transnational contexts. Above all, this course offers a road map for forging new, progressive models of masculinity.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 340",
    "name": "Gender, Relationshps & Society",
    "description": "Same as HDFS 340 and SOC 322. See HDFS 340.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 343",
    "name": "Criminalization and Punishment",
    "description": "Same as AAS 343, AFRO 343, AIS 343, and LLS 343. See LLS 343.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 345",
    "name": "Digital & Gender Cultures",
    "description": "Same as INFO 345, MACS 345, and SOC 345. See MACS 345.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 350",
    "name": "Feminist & Gender Theory",
    "description": "Interdisciplinary survey of feminist and gender theory. Traces developments in feminist theory and LGBT/Q approaches and explores contemporary debates.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 355",
    "name": "Beauty and Culture",
    "description": "Examines beauty and culture, in particular how tropes, ideologies, and politics bolster the construction of beauty as an aesthetic value. Looks at the ways in which beauty is imagined, visualized, narrated, naturalized, reproduced, privileged, and contested through various venues such as art, performance, philosophy, media, history, and popular culture. Attention will be given to race, class, gender, sexuality, and the implications thereof.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 356",
    "name": "Sex & Gender in Popular Media",
    "description": "Same as MACS 356. See MACS 356.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 357",
    "name": "Literatures of the Displaced",
    "description": "Same as AAS 357, AIS 357, ENGL 357, and LLS 357. See LLS 357.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 360",
    "name": "Women and the Visual Arts",
    "description": "Same as ARTH 360. See ARTH 360.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 361",
    "name": "Gender and Women in East Asia",
    "description": "Same as EALC 361. See EALC 361.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 363",
    "name": "Gender, Health & Pop Culture",
    "description": "Aspects of popular culture, including television, magazines, newspapers, social networking sites, and internet sources to name a few, are ways that health information is disseminated. Students will examine how we define health and understand disease as related to popular culture. Discusses how people resist or reinforce these messages about health, well being, fitness, and diet. Also discusses how understandings of race, sexuality and class affect the ways that we think about sickness, health and constructions of gender.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 376",
    "name": "Children and Youth Literature",
    "description": "Same as CWL 376, EURO 376, and SCAN 376. See SCAN 376.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 378",
    "name": "Fairy Tales & Gender Formation",
    "description": "Discusses how femininity and gender formation are related through fairy tales. As children grow they are taught the difference between male and female roles. One of the main ways this instruction takes place is through the pleasurable media of fairy tales in books, poems, and more recently, films. Sleeping Beauty, Snow White, Beauty and the Best, and the Little Mermaid, among others, will be examined to understand how sexual identity is constructed differently in different cultures, and how issues such as rape and incest are addressed within the narratives. The readings explore the ways that fairy tales work to express psychological reactions to maturation while conditioning both characters and readers to adopt specific social roles in adulthood. Same as ENGL 378.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 382",
    "name": "Black Women & Popular Culture",
    "description": "Explores how Black women have been are currently portrayed in popular media, such as television, internet, movies, and popular mediums such as magazines, popular fiction, newspapers, and other cultural phenomenon. Examines what these portrayals reveal about Black women's role in society and how black women as consumer and participants respond to these stereotypes, and create alternative oppositional images.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 383",
    "name": "Hist of Blk Women's Activism",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 383 and HIST 383. See AFRO 383.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 387",
    "name": "History of Sexuality in U.S.",
    "description": "Explores a wide variety of sources to understand how notions of sexuality have emerged and been contested at key moments in U.S. history. Our guiding questions include: How have \"official\" or governing discourses of sexuality (in law, medicine, religions, science) been formulated? In turn, how have \"ordinary\" people understood and practiced their sexuality? How has the meaning of particular sexual practices changed over time? How have ideas about race, gender, and/or class been embedded within the discourse of sexuality at different moments in U.S. history? What methods of reading and interpretation are most useful for the historical study of sexuality? Also emphasizes skills such as critically analyzing primary sources within their historical context; interpreting different types of primary sources; locating, understanding, and evaluating scholarly secondary sources; and presenting historical arguments, based on both primary and secondary sources. Same as HIST 387.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 392",
    "name": "Chicanas&Latinas: Self&Society",
    "description": "Same as LLS 392 and SOC 392. See LLS 392.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 393",
    "name": "Policing Latinx Immigrant Communities",
    "description": "Examines key historical episodes and range of state institutions that have shaped and justified policing of Latinx communities throughout the United States. Centers the ways that gender and sexuality shape the diversity of Latinx experiences. Addresses topics such as formation of US-Mexico border, turn to urban policing, rise of crimmigration, and activist strategies. Interdisciplinary course materials include legal studies, cultural studies, and ethnography.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 395",
    "name": "Intermediate Topics GWS",
    "description": "Approved for letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same term to a maximum of 9 hours; may be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 12 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 397",
    "name": "Sexuality in Modern Europe",
    "description": "Couse Information: Same as HIST 397. See HIST 397.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 403",
    "name": "Women in Muslim Societies",
    "description": "Same as ANTH 403, GLBL 403, HIST 434, REL 403 and SAME 403. See REL 403.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 409",
    "name": "Women's Health",
    "description": "Same as HK 409. See HK 409.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "GWS 415",
    "name": "Africana Feminisms",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 415 and AFST 420. See AFRO 415.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 101",
    "name": "Opportunities, Careers in HDFS",
    "description": "Opportunities and Careers in HDFS explores the opportunities in the department of Human Development and Family Studies. The course also teaches students about careers related to the major.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 105",
    "name": "Intro to Human Development",
    "description": "Systematic overview of the psychological, biological, familial, and cultural factors related to human growth and development across the life span.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 108",
    "name": "Grief and Loss Across the Lifespan",
    "description": "Educates students on the impact of grief and loss from the perspective of human development. Begins by exploring different types of grief and loss and the importance of studying this topic, especially for those students seeking professions in healthcare and social service settings. Utilizes developmental theories as we look across the lifespan at how individuals’ approach and understand death, the coping strategies utilized to confront grief/loss and ways to support individuals experiencing the plethora of feelings that accompany grief/loss.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 120",
    "name": "Intro to Family Studies",
    "description": "Overview of current concepts, theories, and substantive issues in family studies from an interdisciplinary perspective. Gives attention to variation in family form and function across different social/cultural contexts and how family experience is structured by gender. Examines issues of family development (marriage, parenting, divorce, remarriage, aging family) and explores the links between families and other social institutions.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 140",
    "name": "Intro Gender & Women's Studies",
    "description": "Same as GWS 100 and SOC 130. See GWS 100.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 143",
    "name": "Biology of Human Behavior",
    "description": "Same as ANTH 143. See ANTH 143.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Experimental course on a special topic in human development and family studies. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours in the same or subsequent terms, if topics vary. Credit is not given for more than a total of 12 hours of Independent Study (IND) courses applying to a degree in ACES.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 207",
    "name": "Self in Context",
    "description": "This hands-on course uses family genograms - a version of a family tree - to explore the complexity of human experience in the context of multigenerational family systems. Students construct and analyze genograms, including their own, using family systems theory and multigenerational development perspectives. Attention is given to critically examining one's own family history as a part of professional growth. Students will practice using genograms to assess families in popular media using novels, memoirs, films, and/or television shows. Case studies will be used throughout the course to expose students to diverse family experiences with specific attention to race and sociocultural context.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 220",
    "name": "Families in Global Perspective",
    "description": "Explores economic, political, cultural and social factors affecting families in different countries; examines variations among families in developed and developing nations and their historical, political and cultural contexts. Same as ANTH 210.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 221",
    "name": "Asian Families in America",
    "description": "Same as AAS 297 and SOCW 297. See SOCW 297.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 263",
    "name": "Diversity in Recreation, Sport, and Tourism",
    "description": "Same as RST 230. See RST 230.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 291",
    "name": "HDFS Career Planning & Preparation",
    "description": "Overview of job opportunities, graduate, and professional school programs that prepare students for careers in health care, counseling, social work, higher education, policymaking and other fields related to Human Development and Family Studies. Examines types of jobs, graduate and professional opportunities and the preparation they require. Students develop personal job, graduate/professional school preparation plans. Approved for S/U grading only.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 295",
    "name": "Independent Study or Research",
    "description": "Individual research, special problems, thesis, development and/or design work under the supervision of an appropriate member of the faculty. May be repeated in the same or separate terms to a maximum of 12 hours. Credit is not given for more than a total of 12 hours of Independent Study (IND) courses applying to a degree in ACES.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 322",
    "name": "US Latina and Latino Families",
    "description": "Explores a variety of topics and provides a basic overview of issues relevant to the understanding of Latina/Latino families and children in the United States. Examines recent demographic changes in the U.S. population and their implications for the socialization and education of Latina/Latino children and their families. Course content looks at such areas as who are Latina/Latino families; how are those families different from others; what are the similarities and differences within Latinas/Latinos; how does acculturation and language fit into our understanding of these families; and what are the implications for the education success of current and future Latina/Latino children. Same as LLS 322.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 324",
    "name": "African Amer Families in Film",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 382. See AFRO 382.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 341",
    "name": "Asian American Youth",
    "description": "Same as AAS 346. See AAS 346.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 355",
    "name": "Creative Dance for Children",
    "description": "Same as ARTE 355, CI 355, DANC 355, and MUS 355. See DANC 355.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 379",
    "name": "HDFS Study Abroad Experience",
    "description": "International experience in areas related to human development and family studies involving foreign travel and study without enrollment in another institution. Experience must be planned and approved in advance via consultation with an HDFS faculty member. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 8 hours if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 424",
    "name": "Racial and Ethnic Families",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 421, and EPOL 410. See EPOL 410.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 455",
    "name": "TAP Internship",
    "description": "Students will gain experience in (1) staffing a resource center on autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) for families and professionals who work with families, (2) participating in programs that provide supports or services related to ASDs to families or professionals, and (3) developing information and resources for families and professionals. 2 TO 4 undergraduate hours. No graduate credit. May be repeated in separate terms for a maximum of 8 hours. Credit is not given for HDFS 455 if given for HDFS 494 (TAP Internship).",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 460",
    "name": "Black Families in Schools",
    "description": "Same as EPSY 460. See EPSY 460.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 499",
    "name": "Seminar",
    "description": "Special topics in human development, family studies, or community development. 1 to 4 undergraduate hours. 1 to 4 graduate hours. May be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 12 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 500",
    "name": "Professional Development",
    "description": "Overview of issues in professional development in the field of human development and family studies; focuses on both academic and applied career paths. Approved for S/U grading only. May be repeated to a maximum of 4 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HDFS 501",
    "name": "Human Development Theories",
    "description": "Overview of basic theories and theoretical perspectives on human development; focuses on major concepts, issues, and questions in the field. Same as RST 581. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HEBR 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HEBR 201",
    "name": "Elementary Modern Hebrew I",
    "description": "Acquaints students with the fundamental principles of the Hebrew language. Develops all four language skills; reading, writing, listening and speaking. Grammar and comprehension are exercised through the textbook, the audio-visual materials and the computer. Easy stories will be used during the term to strengthen reading comprehension. Participation in the language laboratory is required.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HEBR 205",
    "name": "Intensive Biblical Hebrew",
    "description": "Same as REL 205. See REL 205.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HEBR 414",
    "name": "Advanced Biblical Hebrew",
    "description": "Same as REL 414. See REL 414.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 100",
    "name": "Global History",
    "description": "Broad introduction to global history, by exploring the global structures and transnational forces that have shaped human history, from the emergence of agriculture and urban centers to our contemporary global village.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 101",
    "name": "History Now!",
    "description": "Teaches students how to apply historical thinking to present day problems. Each version starts with contemporary headlines about a current issue, moves to an investigation of its historical roots and legacies, and pivots back to the present to assess the impact of past history on present reality and to capture those relationships in a collaborative student project. It aims to show, in short, how and why history matters NOW.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 103",
    "name": "A History of Everything: The Big Bang to Big Data",
    "description": "This introductory survey in \"Big History\" explores different scales of time as it places human history in larger geological, ecological, and cosmic contexts. Topics include the big bang, planet formation, the origin and development of life, mass extinctions, the emergence of Homo sapiens, the development of agriculture and cities, wars, plagues, and natural disasters, the advent of religion and science, political revolutions, industrialization and globalization, and human impact on the environment.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 104",
    "name": "Black Music",
    "description": "What is black music, and how do we know what we think we know about it? Together, we will examine musical creations pioneered by Africans and individuals of African descent over several centuries and across hemispheres. Doing so will allow us to consider the unity of the African Diaspora and its music, and also examine internal differences and diversity. Special focus is given to Latin America and the U.S., but, depending on the semester, we will also read about, listen to, and talk about music and musicians in Asia, Africa, and Europe.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 105",
    "name": "Latin America to Independence",
    "description": "Survey of Latin American history from the discovery of America to 1824.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 106",
    "name": "Modern Latin America",
    "description": "History of the Latin American republics from their independence to the present; emphasis on Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, and Mexico.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 111",
    "name": "History of Africa to 1800",
    "description": "Survey of African history to 1800, or rather African \"histories.\" Along with historical knowledge, it seeks to give students a basic familiarity with the geography of the continent, as well as to provide an overview of African languages. Through the analysis of secondary as well as of primary sources, students will be introduced to and further examine the development of pre-colonial African societies. Same as AFST 111.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 112",
    "name": "History of Africa from 1800",
    "description": "Survey of Africa's history from 1800 to the present day. Topics include the Atlantic slave trade, agricultural exchange, growth of Christianity, origins and effects of nineteenth-century European expansion culminating in the \"Scramble for Africa,\" the transformations wrought by European colonial rule during the twentieth century, anticolonial nationalism, decolonization, and postcolonial political, economic, social, and cultural developments. Same as AFST 112.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 120",
    "name": "East Asian Civilizations",
    "description": "Surveys the three major East Asian civilizations from ancient and classical times, through the period of Western influence, political revolution, and modernization, to the contemporary age and the emergence of East Asian superpowers. Same as EALC 120. Credit is not given for both HIST 120 and EALC 135.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 130",
    "name": "History of South Asia",
    "description": "Multidisciplinary introduction to the history of modern South Asia from the consolidation of early modern state formations, the negotiation of religious, cultural and linguistic formations, European colonial interactions, and the rise of the modern nation states of Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Same as ANTH 130.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 135",
    "name": "History of Islamic Middle East",
    "description": "Introduction to fourteen centuries of Middle East history from the rise of Islam to modern times. Examines the development of Islamic thought, and of religious, social, and political institutions; as well as the transformations of the 19th and 20th centuries in the area consisting of Egypt, the Fertile Crescent, Arabia, Turkey, and Iran.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 141",
    "name": "Western Worlds: Ancient and Medieval Societies from the Mediterranean to Northern Europe",
    "description": "Western societies from antiquity to the early modern age in western Asia, North Africa, and Europe; with an emphasis on cultural exchange, migration, and the transmission of knowledge, ideas, technologies, and arts. Topics include the formation of the earliest civilizations; political and intellectual experiments of the Greek and Roman worlds; emergence of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam; military, commercial, social, and educational revolutions of the Middle Ages; rise of independent cities and territorial monarchies; religious upheavals and violent aftermaths. Credit is not given for both HIST 141 and HIST 140.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 142",
    "name": "Modern Europe and the World",
    "description": "Fundamental developments - social, economic, cultural, intellectual, and political - in the history of mankind and Western society since 1660; includes the rise of modern science, the French and Industrial revolutions, the Romantic movement, the growth of nationalism and socialism, imperialism, urbanization, the Russian Revolution, Nazi Germany, the world wars, and the West and the developing world. Credit is not given for both HIST 142 and HIST 143.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 164",
    "name": "The Automobile",
    "description": "Interdisciplinary examination of the automobile industry, its production systems, its marketing strategies, and the way automobiles reflect the changing landscapes of consumer tastes and value over time.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 168",
    "name": "A History of Judaism",
    "description": "Same as JS 120 and REL 120. See REL 120.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 171",
    "name": "US History to 1877",
    "description": "U.S. history survey beginning with the diverse peoples who have populated North America since before the age of contact with Europeans and extending forward through the advent of European colonialism, the movement for independence, the foundation of the republic, the Civil War, and Reconstruction, ending in 1877. The course provides an introduction to historical interpretation, with particular attention to racialized and other forms of social, political, and economic inequality and struggles for freedom and democracy. Credit is not given for both HIST 171 and HIST 170.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 172",
    "name": "US History Since 1877",
    "description": "Survey of U.S. history from the end of the Civil War to the present, focusing on struggles to achieve a multiracial democracy, the evolution of an industrial, urbanized, and pluralistic society, the intersections between domestic and global affairs, and the practice of historical interpretation. Epoch-making events and elites are considered in light of their relation to the activities and lives of ordinary people, including people of color, immigrants, women, and the working and middle classes. Credit is not given for both HIST 172 and HIST 173.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 174",
    "name": "Black America, 1619-Present",
    "description": "Same as AFRO 101. See AFRO 101.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 200",
    "name": "Intro Hist Interpretation",
    "description": "Through the careful examination of a specific topic or theme, this course provides a thorough introduction to historical interpretation. Particular attention will be devoted to research strategies, writing practices, handling primary and secondary sources, and the analysis of historiography. May be repeated to a maximum of 6 hours with permission of the Director of Undergraduate Studies.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 202",
    "name": "American Environmental History",
    "description": "Introduction to the historical study of Americans' relationship with the natural world. Examination of the ways that \"natural\" forces have helped to shape American history; the ways that human beings have shaped, altered, and interacted with nature over time; and the ways that cultural, philosophical, scientific, and political attitudes toward the environment have changed from pre-history to the present. Same as ESE 202 and NRES 202.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 203",
    "name": "Reacting to the Past",
    "description": "An introduction to history through participation in role-playing games set in the past. Topics will vary each time the course is taught. Students will take on the roles of historical figures (famous or obscure) engaged in difficult and complicated situations, and will be obliged to adhere to the beliefs and circumstances of those figures while attempting to pursue a course of action that will help them win the game -- and possibly alter the course of history.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 205",
    "name": "Lived Experience in Latin America",
    "description": "Examining the history through the primary texts written by Latin Americans, this course introduces students to theories, contents and methods of historical inquiry, as well as the nuances and the complexities of Latin American history. Reading primary texts written by all strata of society, students will look through the eyes of the diverse populations in Latin America. Students will analyze the traditional narrative of Latin America and gain insight into the lived experience of Latin Americans. Together we will advance our individual and collective understanding of Latin America's rich and complex past.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 207",
    "name": "Digital Documentary Publishing",
    "description": "Introduction to the craft of publishing historical materials, with a special focus on how to publish the past in the digital age. Assignments will include historical and methodological readings, as well as hands-on instruction in digital publishing techniques. Skills taught include historical research, content development, project management, and copyright analysis.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 209",
    "name": "World War II: A Global History",
    "description": "Traces the political, military, social, and economic history of the Second World War. Key themes include the collapse of the Versailles system, the Interwar crisis of democracy, the rise of totalitarian regimes, the civilian experience of war, the intersection of ideology and violence, and the onset of the Nuclear Age. By the end of this course, students will have improved their ability to analyze primary sources and develop source-based historical arguments.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HIST 211",
    "name": "History of Southern Africa",
    "description": "Survey of major themes and events in Southern African history, with emphasis on the period after World War II: the inception and development of apartheid in South Africa, the growth of contests over African nationalism in the subcontinent, wars of liberation and the demise of white domination.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 100",
    "name": "Development Activities",
    "description": "Skills and knowledge essential for leisure-time activities which are classified as developmental activities. Prerequisites and descriptions for each developmental activity are provided in the Class Schedule. More than one activity may be taken in the same term, but they must be different activities. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. May be repeated to a maximum of 2 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 101",
    "name": "Dance Activities",
    "description": "Skills and knowledge essential for leisure-time activities which are classified as dance activities. Prerequisites and descriptions for each developmental activity may be provided in the Class Schedule. More than one activity may be taken in the same term, but they must be different activities. May be repeated to a maximum of 2 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 102",
    "name": "Individual and Dual Activities",
    "description": "Skills and knowledge essential for leisure-time activities which are classified as individual and dual activities. Prerequisites for each individual or dual activity are provided in the Class Schedule. More than one activity may be taken in the same term, but they must be different activities. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. May be repeated to a maximum of 2 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 103",
    "name": "Indoor Court Activities",
    "description": "Skills and knowledge essential for leisure-time activities which are classified as indoor court activities. Prerequisites for each indoor court activity are provided in the Class Schedule. More than one activity may be taken in the same term, but they must be different activities. May be repeated to a maximum of 2 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 104",
    "name": "Skating Activities",
    "description": "Skills and knowledge essential for leisure-time activities which are classified as skating activities. Prerequisites for each skating activity may be provided in the Class Schedule. More than one activity may be taken in the same term, but they must be different activities. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. May be repeated to a maximum of 2 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 106",
    "name": "Team Sport Activities",
    "description": "Skills and knowledge essential for leisure-time activities which are classified as team sport activities. Prerequisites for each team sport activity are provided in the Class Schedule. More than one activity may be taken in the same term, but they must be different activities. May be repeated to a maximum of 2 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 107",
    "name": "Aquatic Sport Activities",
    "description": "Skills and knowledge essential for leisure-time activities which are classified as aquatic sport activities. Prerequisites for each aquatic sport activity may be provided in the Class Schedule. More than one activity may be taken in the same term, but they must be different activities. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. May be repeated to a maximum of 2 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 109",
    "name": "Stress Management",
    "description": "Stress, a feeling of physical, mental, or emotional tension, is common amongst college students. This course explores the concepts of stress from a holistic approach, emphasizing identification of sources of stress, understanding physical and emotional consequences, and developing techniques for dealing with stress. This course will help students begin to identify and recognize common stressors in their own personal environments, and formulate a personalized strategic plan to relieve and manage stress.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 110",
    "name": "Contemporary Health",
    "description": "Examines concepts of health and health promotion in contemporary society with emphasis on a healthy lifestyle for individuals and groups. Topics include self care, health insurance, exercise, nutrition and weight control, sexuality, contraception, tobacco, alcohol, cardiovascular health, infectious diseases, and cancer.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 111",
    "name": "Introduction to Public Health",
    "description": "Introduction to the nation's public health system; includes an overview of the basic concepts and core functions of public health practice, the scope of applications, and the variety of service organizations (both public and private) that shape public health.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 113",
    "name": "Peer Education Facilitation and Harm Reduction Skills",
    "description": "Best practices for prevention and outreach services include the growing utilization of peer education. Students will gain hands-on foundational experience in these skills and will examine common harm reduction and health promotion theories. Common substance use trends on a college campus will also be explored. This course will help students prepare for NASPA’s Certified Peer Educator test, opening the opportunity to serve as a Harm Reduction Peer volunteer or for a variety of other campus leadership positions, if so desired.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 125",
    "name": "Orientation to Health & Kinesiology",
    "description": "Serves as an introduction to the Health and Kinesiology Department and provides an overview of the Health and Kinesiology curricula, areas of study, and opportunities available for a career in the field. Enrollment required for Health and Kinesiology freshmen and transfer students.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 140",
    "name": "Social Sci of Human Movement",
    "description": "Introduction to the social scientific aspects of human movement including sport; particular emphasis on concepts derived from the social sciences (including psychology) that are appropriate to human movement.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 141",
    "name": "Contemporary Issues in Sport",
    "description": "Examines current issues in sport relative to competition, economics, race, sex, youth, educational institutions, deviant behavior, religion, psychology, and the media.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 150",
    "name": "Bioscience of Human Movement",
    "description": "Integrates anatomical and physiological aspects of human movement; emphasizes how the body moves, physiological responses to exercise stress, physical conditioning and physical fitness. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 151",
    "name": "Injuries in Sport",
    "description": "Emphasizes injury mechanisms, means of injury prevention, and emergency care applied to various types of sport injuries; laboratory sessions emphasize preventive and therapeutic taping and emergency first aid. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 152",
    "name": "Survey of Sports Medicine",
    "description": "Introduction to sports medicine for non-kinesiology majors; includes discussion of training, conditioning, preparation for sports, injury aspects of sports, and rehabilitation.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 153",
    "name": "Analysis of Basic Movement",
    "description": "Introduction to human movement through development of skills and knowledge relative to structure and function of the human body in selected physical activities including: basic postural and locomotion patterns and fundamental throwing patterns; also studies developmental aspects of typical and atypical movement skills. Emphasizes performance and qualitative analysis of movement skills.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 154",
    "name": "Physical Activity, Nutrition, and Health",
    "description": "Provides the scientific evidence of physical activity and nutrition in preventing disease and optimizing quality of life. This course also introduces students to behavioral change strategies to achieve an active and healthy lifestyle.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 160",
    "name": "Foundations and Careers in Kinesiology",
    "description": "Kinesiology is the interdisciplinary study of human movement that includes a number of sub-disciplines. This course will examine these areas of study within Kinesiology from scientific, applied, and experiential perspectives. Students will study fundamental/introductory concepts associated with each area of Kinesiology, explore those concepts within research and applied contexts, and complete activities in which they experience various dimensions of those concepts. In addition, career opportunities in Kinesiology will be discussed.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 161",
    "name": "Introduction to School-Based Physical Activity",
    "description": "Provides an overview of the history and development of K-12 physical education, including principles and objectives of contemporary program design and management. Further, this course explores other structured and unstructured school-based movement opportunities connected to coaching and recess.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 171",
    "name": "Survey of Interdisc Health",
    "description": "Introduction to topics in interdisciplinary health with particular emphasis on the five dimensions of health: physical, emotional, social, intellectual and spiritual. Students will explore their personal health beliefs and patterns and discuss the benefits of studying health within an interdisciplinary curriculum.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Topics will vary each semester. Please see section topic. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 200",
    "name": "Mental Health Issues",
    "description": "An introductory study of a broad range of common mental disorders. Emphasis will be placed on the assessment, etiology, and treatment of mental disorders. Students will examine different theoretical perspectives on mental disorders, including biomedical, cognitive, behavioral, and cultural perspectives, and learn how to integrate various perspectives in describing mental illness. Students will also learn to describe the research methods used in the study of mental disorders.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 201",
    "name": "Health Sciences Research Methods",
    "description": "Provides a practical, step-by-step guide to the research process in health and kinesiology. This course will focus on defining common terms and concepts employed in health research, providing detailed understanding of approaches and tools in different health disciplines, and facilitating understanding of scientific methods for physical activity and health research. This course will navigate through the following topics: identifying a focused research question, choosing a study design, collecting suitable data to answer the research question, analyzing the evidence, and disseminating the findings.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 202",
    "name": "Health Careers & Professionalism",
    "description": "Designed for undergraduate majors for the purpose of increasing their knowledge of health-related careers relevant to their major, and to develop an understanding of professionalism within those contexts.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 203",
    "name": "Introduction to Health Technology",
    "description": "Introduces the topic of health technology and provide an opportunity for students to explore the potential benefits and risks associated with new technologies. Students will learn how technology can be used to improve people’s health and support healthier communities, how technology is transforming health care, and how technology can be used to bridge social determinants of health and health inequalities.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 204",
    "name": "Drug Use and Misuse",
    "description": "Offers the opportunity to learn about key concepts critical for understanding substance misuse and its relevance to personal and public health. Students will be introduced to the concepts of substance misuse, dependence, and addiction, licit and illicit drugs, and how drugs can impact behavior. The course will cover where drugs come from, how they get into the brain, and how drug action can lead to behavioral responses impacting the physical and emotional responses selected substances have on the human brain.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 205",
    "name": "Human Sexuality",
    "description": "Utilizes a multi-disciplinary approach to examine diverse physiological and behavioral aspects of human sexuality. Key topics include sexual anatomy and development; gender and sexual expression; birth control; conception, pregnancy and childbirth; sexually transmitted infections; sexual assault and exploitation.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 206",
    "name": "Health Care Systems",
    "description": "Overview of the major issues confronting health care systems from a macro perspective. Identification and analysis of the functions, major participants and trends in health care systems in the United States and abroad. Attention on current and emerging issues having implications for health care systems in industrialized nations.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 207",
    "name": "Introduction to Epidemiology",
    "description": "Introduces the basic principles and methods of epidemiology, with an emphasis on critical thinking, analytic skills, and application to clinical practice and research. Topics include patterns of disease occurrence, outcome measures, methods of adjustment, surveillance, quantitative study designs, and sources of data, as applied in health education, health services administration and planning, health policy, and environmental health.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 208",
    "name": "Introduction to Medical Ethics",
    "description": "Course stresses normative bioethics: decisions about what is ethical behavior in a variety of real and practical issues. Analysis of medical ethical cases at the individual, community and wider national and international levels will be addressed.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 209",
    "name": "Introduction to Biostatistics and Health Data Analysis",
    "description": "Provides an introduction to descriptive and inferential statistics used in the analysis of health studies. Students will learn how to describe health data and to understand statistical inference as applied to health issues.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 242",
    "name": "Intro to Sport Psychology",
    "description": "Analysis of the competitive sport process, with study of how personality and situational variables affect motivation, anxiety, and aggression in sport. Attention is given to the psychological skills needed by coaches and athletes for successful and enjoyable sports participation.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 243",
    "name": "Sport & Modern Society",
    "description": "The sociological analysis of sport in modern societies with regard to social class, politics, community, education, and collective behavior.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HK 250",
    "name": "Motor Development and Control",
    "description": "This course provides students with an overview of motor development across the life span as well as an introduction to the discipline of motor behavior/control. Specifically, it focuses on the concepts and principles of coordination, the control of movement, and development of skilled action throughout the life span. The course focuses on such topics as the development of fundamental movement activities; movement control processes; acquisition, retention and transfer skill; and the role of constraints to action. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HNDI 115",
    "name": "Language and Culture in India",
    "description": "Same as LING 115 and REL 115. See LING 115.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HNDI 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HNDI 201",
    "name": "Elementary Hindi-Urdu I",
    "description": "Introduction to the Hindi/Urdu language; includes conversation with a native Hindi/Urdu-speaking tutor under the direction of a linguist instructor, and a minimum of formal grammar and Devanagari writing; introduction to Arabic-Persian script by arrangement. Participation in the language laboratory is required.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HORT 100",
    "name": "Introduction to Horticulture",
    "description": "Basic principles of plant growth and development as they apply to the production, marketing, and utilization of fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. Credit is not given for both HORT 100 and HORT 106.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HORT 105",
    "name": "Vegetable Gardening",
    "description": "The science and art of growing vegetables and the connection between gardening and food. Topics include nutrient and pest management, history, folklore, growing requirements, and quality characteristics of vegetables. Lecture and laboratory. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HORT 106",
    "name": "The Sustainable Home Garden",
    "description": "Create inviting and sustainable indoor and outdoor living spaces with plants, whether your landscape is several acres or a few containers on an urban balcony. This blended-format class meets 1 hour per week for lecture and discussion with additional instruction presented through independent learning activities including virtual field trips, on-line lectures, and instructional videos. Learn the fundamentals of environmentally sound resource use when designing with and maintaining flowering, fruit and vegetable plants, lawns, trees and shrubs around your home. Become a savvy horticultural consumer and develop a healthy lifestyle that supports positive physical and mental well-being by including greenspace activities in your daily life. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. Credit is not given for both HORT 106 and HORT 100.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HORT 199",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Experimental course on a special topic in horticulture. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated as topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HORT 223",
    "name": "The Intelligent Behavior of Plants",
    "description": "This course provides students with an introduction into the study of plant behavior, which focuses on how plants interact with and respond to the world around them. Topics include a basic overview of plant anatomy and physiology, a comparative examination of behavioral and communication mechanisms used by plants and animals, and an analysis of the controversial arguments regarding plant intelligence.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HORT 430",
    "name": "Children and Nature",
    "description": "Study of research theory and evidence suggesting the importance of children's contact with natural environments including, designed urban greenspaces, managed sustainable landscapes, and wilderness, for healthy child development, ecological literacy, and pro-environmental behavior as adults. Discussion of research implications and applications for redesigning our communities' outdoor spaces, societal values, public policies and education systems to foster children's access to, and bonding with, nature. Same as LA 430. 2 undergraduate hours. 2 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HORT 499",
    "name": "Advanced Special Topics",
    "description": "Advanced experimental course on a special topic in horticulture. 1 to 4 undergraduate hours. 1 to 4 graduate hours. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HT 503",
    "name": "Hardware Engineering for Health Technology",
    "description": "In this course, students will explore the role of hardware in developing health technologies. Students will understand how various health technologies are developed and how they operate. HT 503 surveys hardware-engineering topics for health technology and will include exposure to and initial examination of topics. Topics may include: Sensors and Actuators in Healthcare; Common Prototyping platforms (Arduino, Raspberry Pi, Jetson Nano); Robot Operating System (ROS) Platforms; Cameras, LIDARs, Motion-Detection Systems (Microsoft Kinect, etc); Haptic Sensors; Dynamics of Wheeled Personal Transport Systems (Wheelchairs, etc.); Integrative Final Course-Project. Although there is not a traditional lab associated with this class, the course will include lectures, discussion, and hands-on activity based projects. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Registration priority will be given to Health Technology graduate students. Other students please contact the instructor.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HT 504",
    "name": "Software Engineering for Health Technology",
    "description": "In this course, students will be introduced to aspects of software engineering to become familiar with rapid prototyping software, programming languages, and app development tools. HT 504 surveys software engineering topics for health technology and will include exposure to and initial examination of topics. Topics may include: Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) for Android/iPhone applications; Virtual Reality (VR) Environments; Basics of AWS-Lambda functions for voice-applications; Software for Analytics and Data-analytics overview; Software for Machine-Learning; MATLAB, SIMULINK and associated packages; User Interface Compilers (UIC); JAVA; PYTHON; MATLAB; ROS; Integrative Final Course-Project. Although there is not a traditional lab associated with this class, the course will include lectures, discussion, and hands-on activity based projects. 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. Registration priority will be given to Health Technology graduate students. Other students please contact instructor.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HT 594",
    "name": "Special Topics in Health Technology",
    "description": "Lecture course in topics of current interest in Health Technology; specific subject/topic will be announced in the Class Schedule. 1 to 4 graduate hours. No professional credit. May be repeated up to 8 hours in the same semester to a maximum of 12 hours in subsequent semesters, if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "HUM 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IB 100",
    "name": "Biology in Today's World",
    "description": "Introduction to biology for the non-major. In-depth focus on three contemporary problems-maintaining a livable environment, issues of human health, and evolution.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IB 103",
    "name": "Introduction to Plant Biology",
    "description": "Basic principles of growth and form, physiology, genetics, evolution, and ecology in plant biology. Lecture and laboratory.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IB 104",
    "name": "Animal Biology",
    "description": "Introductory zoological concepts with emphasis on the diversity and comparative anatomy of animals and the fundamentals of physiology, genetics, evolution, and behavior. Lecture and laboratory.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IB 105",
    "name": "Environmental Biology",
    "description": "Introduction to ecological principles in relation to understanding environmental problems; course emphasizes impacts upon ecosystems by human activities such as air and water pollution, usage of pesticides and pest control measures, expansion of agriculture in tropics and arid regions, harvesting the oceans, and development of energy sources.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IB 108",
    "name": "The Biology of Dinosaurs",
    "description": "The origin, diversity, and extinction of dinosaurs will serve as a conceptual framework to explore fundamental principles of biology. We will consider dinosaurs as animals, examining evidence for their physiology and behavior, and how evolution and speciation produced the diversity of dinosaurs. We will relate the influence of Earth's changing environments on dinosaurs to environmental change on human timescales. We will emphasize how scientists collect and evaluate fossil data through an understanding of living organisms.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IB 110",
    "name": "Race and Environmental Biology",
    "description": "The environment each person experiences is created by cultural, biological, and political factors. We will explore how race and culture shape environment and the underlying biological processes that influence the people and organisms that occur in these environments. We will also explore how politics can further shape environments for various racial and ethnic groups.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IB 150",
    "name": "Organismal & Evolutionary Biol",
    "description": "Introduction to physiology, genetics, and evolution of organisms, and their ecology and diversity.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IB 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Approved for both letter and S/U grading.  May be repeated to a maximum of 5 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IB 210",
    "name": "The Biology of Sex: From Molecules to Societies",
    "description": "The biological study of sexual reproduction, through the survey of molecular and physiological processes and with reference to the function, ecology, behavior, and evolution of sexual and asexual reproduction in human societies and other organisms. Using student-driven library-research, and written and verbal team presentations on primary data papers, the course also explores the methods of originating, analyzing, and interpreting sex-focused scientific data.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IB 220",
    "name": "Applied Entomology",
    "description": "Same as CPSC 270 and NRES 270. See CPSC 270.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IB 230",
    "name": "Pandemics",
    "description": "Pandemics (global outbreaks of infectious disease) are among the most impactful events in human history. Through this course, we will study the major historical and modern pandemics from a biological, social, and political perspective. We will compare these past events to the public health crisis caused by COVID-19 and use this knowledge to interpret events and scientific discoveries related to pandemics.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IB 299",
    "name": "Undergraduate Special Course",
    "description": "Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated in the same term; may be repeated in separate terms to a maximum of 6 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IB 329",
    "name": "Animal Behavior",
    "description": "Introductory course emphasizing how patterns of behavior promote survival, change through evolution, and are modified by the environment. Same as ANSC 366, ANTH 342, and PSYC 329.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IB 348",
    "name": "Fish and Wildlife Ecology",
    "description": "Same as NRES 348. See NRES 348.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IB 361",
    "name": "Ecology and Human Health",
    "description": "Exploration of the emergence of infectious diseases and other human health issues from an ecological perspective, including vector-borne diseases, diseases spread from wildlife in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and the role of pathogens and parasites in community and population ecology, food webs, and ecosystem functioning. Attention will be placed on how current and future global change and biodiversity loss will contribute to the increasing prevalence of human emerging diseases. Same as ANTH 361.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IB 362",
    "name": "Marine Biology",
    "description": "Study of the major marine environments on earth, the huge diversity of organisms that live in them, and the ecological and functional reasons why these organisms live where they do. Also examines the impacts of human and their activities upon the sustainability of marine resources. Designed for students with some background in biology and evolution and interest in marine biodiversity, ecology, and conservation.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IE 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IE 398",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in industrial engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IE 445",
    "name": "Human Performance and Cognition in Context",
    "description": "Same as EPSY 456 and PSYC 456. See EPSY 456.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IE 498",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Subject offerings of new and developing areas of knowledge in industrial engineering intended to augment the existing curriculum. See Class Schedule or departmental course information for topics and prerequisites. 1 to 4 undergraduate hours. 1 to 4 graduate hours. May be repeated in the same or separate terms if topics vary to a maximum of 9 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "INFO 102",
    "name": "Little Bits to Big Ideas",
    "description": "Broad introduction to the nature, capabilities, and limitations of computing. Topics range from the way data is represented and stored, to the way today's computers work, to the general ideas of algorithms and computational efficiency, to the future of computing. Covers \"Great Ideas\" across various areas of the field, including, for example, cryptography and internet security, problem solving, modeling and simulation, and artificial intelligence. Same as CS 102.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "INFO 202",
    "name": "Social Aspects Info Tech",
    "description": "Same as IS 202 and MACS 202. See IS 202.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "INFO 303",
    "name": "Writing Across Media",
    "description": "The ability to communicate effectively in multiple types of media is a crucial part of literacy in our society. In this course, students will explore the intersections of various media: print, film, images, sound, etc. Students will consider the ways in which writing--as an object and as a practice--is shaped by multimodal interactions. Also integrates practical activities with broader theoretical issues in order to provide effective strategies for designing multimedia presentations, projects, and texts that integrate photography, video, and sound. Same as WRIT 303.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "INFO 310",
    "name": "Computing in the Humanities",
    "description": "Same as IS 310. See IS 310.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "INFO 325",
    "name": "Social Media and Global Change",
    "description": "Same as AFST 325, ASST 325, EPOL 325, EPS 325, EURO 325, LAST 325, REES 325, and SAME 325. See EPOL 325.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "INFO 326",
    "name": "New Media, Culture & Society",
    "description": "Same as MACS 326. See MACS 326.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "INFO 345",
    "name": "Digital & Gender Cultures",
    "description": "Same as GWS 345, MACS 345, and SOC 345. See MACS 345.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "INFO 390",
    "name": "Special Topics",
    "description": "Explores a variety of informatics topics. Topics and prerequisites vary by section; see current Class Schedule for details. May be repeated up to 6 hours if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "INFO 407",
    "name": "Introduction to Programming Python for Data Science",
    "description": "For students who want to learn about solving problems common in data sciences but have little or no programming experience. The class is asynchronous (students can access material on-line but within specified timeframes) and taught online. Data Science lies at the intersection of statistics and computer science and focuses on extracting information from data. This class will immerse students on topics of software construction, design, programming paradigms and the semantic and syntax of the Python language and then focus on some of the necessary workflows to move raw data into information. The class will explore common Python modules (libraries) used in data science, natural language processing, statistics, mathematics, data management (acquiring, cleaning, reshaping, organizing, persisting) and visualizations. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours. Credit is not given toward graduation for BOTH INFO 407 and INFO 490 MH \"Intro to Prog for the Data Science\" sections.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "INFO 415",
    "name": "Makerspace: Open Studio",
    "description": "Introduces learners to a variety of rapid prototyping and fabrication techniques in collaboration with the CU Community Fab Lab. Weekly class lecture will introduce students to trends and ideas in Makerspaces, Peer-to-Peer learning, design processes, creativity, computational thinking, and practicing makers. Each week students will be provided a general project prompt and set to work with a tool area in response to a simple design exploration challenge. Over the course of the semester they will have an opportunity to become familiar with the basics of several advanced small-scale manufacturing tools, such as 3D printers, laser engravers, digital embroidery machines, graphic drawing tablets and small board electronics. The class will have both group and independent work and make use of an online portal for assignment hand-in and peer-feedback. Please note that this course will emphasize self-guided learning and time management, students will need to rely on online tutorials and information resources to explore methods and complete much of the work in a rapid-response fashion; students will need to come into FabLab open hours outside of normal lab times to complete projects. Projects will be small and contained, in order to allow for exposure to several tools and mediums. Students who have taken a different Makerspace course at the FabLab previously are eligible to participate in this class, but it is also not a requirement. Graduate students will have an additional documentation project component emphasizing digital literacy. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours. Credit is not given for INFO 415 and INFO 490 ALU/ALG \"Makerspace: Open Studio\" sections.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "INFO 416",
    "name": "Makerspace: Game Studies",
    "description": "A foray into game studies via makerspace production mediums. Students will study the role of play, tinkering and gaming in design, research and innovation and be challenged to learn a variety of makerspace production tools and techniques to create games. This course will include three major components (1) physical board game design, (2) introductory computer game design and (3) investigation into the narrative themes, artistic production, interaction mechanics and culture that make games engaging. During the course, students will prototype both playable board and video games, followed by iterating through to a final version of a game of their choice. Class will meet in the CU Community Fab Lab in Art Annex II. Students who have taken a different makerspace class before are encouraged to enroll. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours. Credit is not given for INFO 416 and INFO 490 A/AG \"Makerspace: Game Studies\" sections.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "INFO 418",
    "name": "Makerspace: Escape Rooms",
    "description": "This course will explore the intersection of storytelling, interaction design, and user experience through the design of escape rooms. In the past couple years escape rooms have been on the rise, changing from simple locked boxes in an open room to complex adventures spanning multiple rooms involving electronics, sound design, storytelling, and even live actors. This class will be primarily focusing on the manufacturing and electronics work that goes into making an immersive escape room experience. Over the span of the course, students will become familiar with the basics of several advanced small-scale manufacturing tools, such as laser engravers, electronic cutters, and 3D printers/scanners. They will also learn how to program small-board electronics (Arduinos and IoT boards, servos, electronic locks, and/or lights), and incorporate them meaningfully into puzzles in order to achieve client’s goals. Students will design, prototype, playtest, and iterate collaboratively on the puzzles and interactive elements. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours. Credit is not given for INFO 418 and INFO 490 B, BG, ERU or ERG \"Makerspace: Escape rooms\" sections.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "INFO 424",
    "name": "Musical Informatics",
    "description": "A 21st century approach to music theory: fundamental elements of music illustrated through logical and mathematical concepts, unencumbered by stylistic considerations. Defines the internal structure of sounds and presents a few general methods of organizing them into complex compositions. Intended for musicians having limited familiarity with mathematics, as well as scientifically inclined students with little musical background. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "INFO 448",
    "name": "Computer Music",
    "description": "Introduction to the multiple ways computers are used in music, with an emphasis on digital sounds synthesis and composition. Elements of acoustics, psychoacoustics, and programming are introduced in order to allow students to use and modify the existing software DISSCO/Sound Maker developed at UIUC. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "INFO 555",
    "name": "Advanced Educational Technologies for Engagement and Interactive Learning",
    "description": "Same as CI 555 and EPSY 555. See EPSY 555.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IS 101",
    "name": "Introduction to Information Sciences",
    "description": "This course provides an introduction to the field of information science and the major. It offers both historical and contemporary context for understanding the role of information in society. Focus is placed upon critical analysis of information problems as well as understanding the creation, use, and distribution of information in business, policy, education, government, health, and other sectors.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IS 107",
    "name": "Data Science Discovery",
    "description": "Same as CS 107 and STAT 107. See STAT 107.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IS 142",
    "name": "Social History of Games and Gaming",
    "description": "A survey of the history of gaming from the ancient world through the twentieth century, and its impact on science, society, and culture.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IS 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Undergraduate Open Seminar. Additional fees may apply. See Class Schedule. May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IS 202",
    "name": "Social Aspects Info Tech",
    "description": "Explores the way in which information technologies have and are transforming society and how these affect a range of social, political and economic issues from the individual to societal levels. Same as INFO 202 and MACS 202.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IS 204",
    "name": "Research Design for Information Sciences",
    "description": "This course provides an introduction to different approaches to research in the information sciences, including social science methods, data and text mining, digital humanities, historical approaches, and others. Topics include methods for evaluating research, developing research questions, selecting research methods, conducting research ethically, and communicating findings clearly and effectively through words, graphics, and other visualizations.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IS 205",
    "name": "Programming for Information Problems",
    "description": "Covers common data processing methods and computing concepts used in the information sciences. Evaluates strengths and weaknesses of the techniques in the context of our discipline. No prior programming background is assumed. Course will use the Python programming language.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IS 226",
    "name": "Introduction to HCI",
    "description": "This course introduces students to fundamental theories and techniques in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). This course presents basic tools and methods for creating, designing, prototyping, and evaluating user interfaces to computing applications and web sites. Students will explore course content by conducting individual and group hands-on projects. Assignments involving prototyping can be implemented by self-selected solutions, e.g. Axure, JavaScript. Students from all backgrounds are welcomed.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IS 229",
    "name": "Web Design Fundamentals",
    "description": "In this course students will learn the principles and methodologies of modern Web design and development, while also becoming familiar with the history of the Web. Students will develop useful practical skills through hands-on engagement with open-source tools, platforms, and resources, while also acquiring a critical understanding of current challenges around such topics as web-standards, security, and accessibility. Students will also become familiar with philosophical models and practical frameworks for creating human-centered systems and will apply such constructively critical understandings in their own web design projects.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "IS 234",
    "name": "Introduction to Risk and Cybersecurity",
    "description": "Cyber risk, cybersecurity and related concepts create a foundation for exploring the importance of threat awareness, intelligence and identification to personal and organizational security postures. Topics including password hygiene, threat actors, data collection, use and sharing and the CIA Triad, Cyber Kill Chain, Attack Vectors and Attack Surfaces are explored. The role of governments, human behavior, frameworks, standards, systems and compliance requirements all inform security decisions while creating significant career options for those interested.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ITAL 101",
    "name": "Elementary Italian I",
    "description": "For students who have no credit in Italian.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ITAL 156",
    "name": "Exploring Rome: History and Culture of the Eternal City",
    "description": "Examines Rome and its roles (religious, political, cultural) in Italian culture from ancient times to the present day. Through history, film, literature, painting and architecture, we will explore the Rome through its various historical and political developments and the effects the city has had on wider Italian and global perception of the \"Eternal City\". All readings and class meetings are in English.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ITAL 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "Approved for letter and S/U grading. May be repeated to a maximum of 5 hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ITAL 220",
    "name": "Contemporary Italian, Oral and Written",
    "description": "Training in oral-aural skill and in writing.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ITAL 240",
    "name": "Italy Middle Ages & Renaiss",
    "description": "The development of Medieval Italian civilization in a literary context from the Sicilian School of love poetry to the early Renaissance in Florence; lectures and readings are in English. Same as CWL 240 and MDVL 240.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ITAL 250",
    "name": "Minority Identities in Film and Culture: The Italian American and African American Experience",
    "description": "Explores the complex relation between Italian Americans and African Americans in the 19th and 20th century. Were Italian Americans white? What is whiteness? How does identity politics define the relation between minority groups? By looking at the problem of the construction of whiteness among Italian American and at the representation of their relation with African Americans in literature, movies and social studies we will discuss the problem of the relation between two minorities with often conflictual relations in the American context.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ITAL 270",
    "name": "Introduction to Italian Cinema",
    "description": "Introduction to major films, movements and directors in the Italian tradition, paying particular attention to questions of national identity, gender and political and social history. Knowledge of Italian not required.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ITAL 406",
    "name": "Italian Culture and Globalization",
    "description": "Introduction to factors that have shaped present-day Italy, with particular attention to globalization; basic concepts contributing to understanding its present social and cultural development in a European and global context. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours. May be repeated in separate terms, if topics vary to a maximum of 6 undergraduate hours and 8 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "ITAL 413",
    "name": "Dante",
    "description": "Interpretation of Dante's Divine Comedy with special attention to its position in the medieval world; a knowledge of Italian not required. Same as CWL 413 and MDVL 413. 3 undergraduate hours. 4 graduate hours.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "JAPN 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "May be repeated.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "JAPN 201",
    "name": "Elementary Japanese I",
    "description": "Introduction to Japanese, spoken language skills and the reading and writing of hirigana, katakana, and kanji.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "JOUR 101",
    "name": "Interactive Media & You",
    "description": "Introduces students to research and theory surrounding new media and technology. We will examine the impacts of interactive media (e.g., social media, video games) on society and, ultimately, our everyday lives. We will look beyond \"good/bad\" classifications of new media in favor of seeking a more balanced understanding of the significance of these evolving technologies. A goal of the course is to reflect on the role interactive media technologies play in our increasingly digital society/lives and how we can leverage them for positive purposes while minimizing the potential for negative consequences.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "JOUR 102",
    "name": "Navigating Social Media",
    "description": "Provides a broad understanding of the role that big tech companies and their platforms play in everyday life. Through seminars and guided workshops, students will gain both the practical skills to explore social media data and the critical criteria to reflect on issues such as digital activism, digital surveillance, algorithmic inequality, privacy, digital property rights, monopoly and antitrust, changes in the news industry, and mis/disinformation. Credit not given for JOUR 102 if credit already received for JOUR 199 section \"Social Media\".",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "JOUR 161",
    "name": "Introduction to Sports Journalism",
    "description": "Examines the relationship between sports and journalism, with a focus on how sports reporting influences spectators, fans, news media and regions. The course examines how the relationship has developed through history and introduces significant work of current sports journalists.",
    "prerequisites": null
  },
  {
    "index": "JOUR 199",
    "name": "Undergraduate Open Seminar",
    "description": "A changing array of courses focusing on special topics in journalism. Approved for Letter and S/U grading. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours, if topics vary.",
    "prerequisites": null
  }
]