Add England V3 profile: elected king, electric superpower, identity crisis

Political system: Parliamentary monarchy with ELECTED king (not hereditary)
- King = ceremonial aristocratic president, chosen by joint Parliament session
- PM = real executive, leader of Commons majority
- House of Lords (hereditary + life peers) + House of Commons (propertied male suffrage)
- Evolved from 1685 noble parliament through 150 years of reform

Identity crisis: 400 years of French rule → 150 years of English independence
- Norman-French aristocracy: mostly supported independence but culturally suspect
- English gentry: independence movement's backbone
- Huguenot professionals: French-speaking but patriotically English (paradox)
- Language: English = patriotic, French = complex (elite culture but enemy's language)
- Highland Scots: recently absorbed (1765), resentful
- Ireland: colonial subject, Catholic, second-class, independence movement brewing

Technology: ELECTRICAL variant (contrast with Song's steam)
- Electric grid, telegraph, telephone, radio experiments
- Sells electricity/aluminum to Song (strategic leverage)
- "Coal and Lightning Kingdom" vs Song's "Steam and Gears Empire"

Congo: quinine monopoly → river-basin colonial territory
Colonial empire governed separately (New England, New Wales, EIC India)

Flavor: elected king pride, electric vs steam modernity,
French ghost in English culture, cricket and calculus

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

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+# Kingdom of England — V3 Start 1836
+
+## Basic Info
+- **Official Name**: Kingdom of England (includes Wales, Scotland, Ireland)
+- **Capital**: London
+- **Head of State**: Elected King (选举国王 — chosen from aristocratic families by Parliament upon previous king's death. NOT hereditary. Ceremonial/presidential role under parliamentary system.)
+- **Head of Government**: Prime Minister (首相 — leader of majority in House of Commons, real executive power)
+- **Government**: **Parliamentary constitutional monarchy with elected king** — evolved from:
+  - ~1685: Independence. Noble parliament chose first king (couldn't agree on hereditary → elected)
+  - ~1750s: House of Commons added (industrial bourgeoisie demanded representation)
+  - ~1800s: PM becomes real executive, King becomes ceremonial (like a president in a parliamentary republic, but aristocratic)
+  - King is elected by joint session of Lords + Commons when throne is vacant. Candidates must be of noble blood. Typically a respected elder statesman/compromise figure. NOT a political leader.
+- **State Religion**: Protestant/Reformed (Church of England equivalent, broke from Rome during independence era)
+- **Technology Tier**: 1 (ELECTRICAL VARIANT — leads the world in electricity, telecommunications, electric motors. Strong in traditional industry too. Contrasts with Song's steam-dominant path.)
+- **Population**: Medium-large (~25-30M? England + Wales + Scotland + Ireland)
+- **Literacy**: High in England/Scotland Lowlands, moderate in Highland Scotland, low in rural Ireland
+
+## Territory
+
+### Home Islands
+- **England proper**: Industrial heartland. Coal + iron = world's most advanced heavy industry. London = global financial center. Railway + telegraph + electric grid expanding.
+- **Wales**: Integrated since medieval times. Coal mining. Welsh language surviving but marginalized.
+- **Scotland (ALL)**: Lowlands (~1685, integrated, Protestant, English-speaking) + Highlands (~1765, recent, Gaelic, culturally distinct, resentful).
+- **Ireland**: Conquered ~1700. Catholic. Colonial governance. Anglo-Irish Protestant landlords over Catholic Irish tenants. **Second-class territory — the empire's internal colony.**
+
+### Overseas (governed separately — not detailed here)
+- **New England + Great Lakes**: Major settler colony (own profile)
+- **New Wales (Mississippi west bank)**: Majority French-speaking, difficult to govern (own profile)
+- **India (East India Company)**: Eastern coast + West Bengal (own profile)
+- **Australia (western coast)**: Small but growing settlements
+- **Congo River basin**: Quinine monopoly → "vein-shaped" colonial territory along river system
+- **Various Caribbean islands, Pacific posts**
+
+## The Language Question (语言问题)
+
+### 400 Years of French, 150 Years of English
+```
+  The Plantagenet era (~1250s-1685):
+  ├ Court language: French
+  ├ Law language: French (Law French → legal terms STILL French-derived)
+  ├ Church language: Latin
+  ├ Commoner language: English
+  └ Result: English survived as the language of the people
+           French survived as the language of power
+  
+  Independence (~1685):
+  ├ "English = patriotism" → speaking English becomes a political act
+  ├ French-descended nobles who supported independence → switched to English (publicly)
+  ├ But: 400 years of French culture doesn't vanish overnight
+  └ Legal system still full of French terminology
+  
+  By 1836 (150 years post-independence):
+  ├ English: undisputed national language, all official business
+  ├ French: STILL spoken in some aristocratic families (private, at home)
+  │  → Publicly speaking French = slightly suspicious
+  │  → But also = mark of old-money education
+  │  → COMPLICATED: some people switch between English (public) and French (private)
+  │  → Huguenot descendants speak French too → but they're patriots! → further complicates things
+  ├ Gaelic: Highland Scotland + Ireland → suppressed minority languages
+  ├ Welsh: declining but present
+  └ The "language question" is not resolved — it's an ongoing cultural tension
+  
+  V3 flavor events: language policy debates, French-language newspaper controversies,
+  "is French in schools acceptable?", bilingual aristocrats accused of disloyalty
+```
+
+## The Two Aristocracies (两种贵族)
+
+### Norman-French Nobility (诺曼裔法语贵族)
+```
+  Who: Descendants of Norman/Plantagenet-era French aristocratic families
+  History: The colonial ruling class for 400 years
+  During independence: MOST supported it (they'd lived in England for generations)
+    → "We may have French blood but England is our home"
+    → Key independence leaders were French-named nobles who chose England over Paris
+    → A few loyalists fled to France → their estates confiscated
+  By 1836:
+    ├ Still the LARGEST landowners (400 years of accumulation)
+    ├ Mostly English-speaking now (publicly) but French at family dinners
+    ├ Dominate the House of Lords
+    ├ Some intermarried with English gentry → blurred lines
+    ├ BUT: periodic nationalist movements question their loyalty
+    │  "Your name is de Montfort — are you REALLY English?"
+    └ The smart ones anglicized their names generations ago
+```
+
+### English Gentry (英格兰本土乡绅)
+```
+  Who: Anglo-Saxon/English-descended landowners, knights, squires
+  History: The "real English" → commoner elite under Plantagenet rule
+  During independence: The HEART of the movement
+    → "England for the English!" was their cry
+  By 1836:
+    ├ Control much of the House of Commons
+    ├ Smaller estates than French nobility but more numerous
+    ├ English-speaking, Protestant, patriotic
+    ├ Industrial revolution: some became factory owners (gentry → bourgeoisie)
+    └ View French-named nobles with suspicion (even if those nobles are patriots)
+```
+
+### Huguenot Professionals (胡格诺专业阶层)
+```
+  Who: Descendants of French Protestant refugees (~1685+)
+  Paradox: French-speaking people who are among England's most loyal citizens
+    → Fled French Catholic persecution → England welcomed them
+    → Brought industrial skills → helped build English industry
+    → French language + Protestant faith + English patriotism = unique identity
+  By 1836:
+    ├ Prominent in industry, engineering, finance, science
+    ├ Many anglicized (lost French language) → just "English" now
+    ├ Some maintain French → but "our French isn't THEIR French" (vs Norman aristocrats)
+    └ A bridge group: French-descended but unquestionably English in loyalty
+```
+
+## Political System: The Elected King
+
+### How It Works
+```
+  When the King dies / abdicates:
+  
+  1. Joint session of Lords + Commons convenes
+  2. Candidates nominated (must be of noble blood — any titled family)
+  3. Debates, speeches, backroom deals (weeks to months)
+  4. Vote: majority of joint session elects new King
+  5. King serves until death/abdication (NOT a fixed term)
+  
+  The King in practice:
+  ├ Ceremonial: opens Parliament, signs bills, receives ambassadors
+  ├ Reserve powers: can dissolve Parliament in crisis (never used?)
+  ├ Moral authority: respected elder statesman chosen for wisdom
+  ├ NOT a political actor: doesn't set policy, doesn't lead parties
+  ├ Similar to: German Federal President, Italian President, Irish President
+  │  → elected, ceremonial, respected, powerless in daily governance
+  └ Difference from continental monarchies: NOT hereditary, NOT divine right
+     → England's King is an ELECTED aristocrat, not a blood sovereign
+     → This is deeply unusual in this world and a source of English pride
+     → "We choose our king. Others inherit theirs."
+```
+
+### Parliament
+```
+  House of Lords (上院/贵族院):
+  ├ Hereditary peers (Norman-French and English noble families)
+  ├ Life peers (appointed for service — military, industrial, scientific)
+  ├ Spiritual lords? (Church of England bishops? Or was this abolished?)
+  ├ Powers: review legislation, delay bills, judicial appeals
+  └ Declining in power vs Commons (trend of 150 years)
+  
+  House of Commons (下院/平民院):
+  ├ Elected by: propertied males (property qualification)
+  │  → ~15-20% of adult males can vote
+  │  → Workers, Irish Catholics, women = excluded
+  ├ Constituencies: geographic (county + borough seats)
+  ├ Political parties emerging (Reform Party vs Conservative Party vs Industrial Party?)
+  ├ PM = leader of Commons majority → real executive power
+  └ Trend: Commons gaining power, suffrage slowly expanding
+  
+  Key reform question: EXPAND THE VOTE?
+  ├ Workers demand inclusion (growing labor movement)
+  ├ Irish Catholics demand inclusion (currently excluded by religious test?)
+  ├ Women: not yet on the agenda
+  └ V3: Standard suffrage reform decisions
+```
+
+## The Irish Question (爱尔兰问题)
+
+```
+  Ireland: conquered ~1700 (136 years ago), the empire's deepest wound.
+  
+  Structure:
+  ├ Anglo-Irish Protestant landlords (Ascendancy) → own the land, control politics
+  ├ Catholic Irish majority → tenants on their own ancestral land
+  ├ Penal Laws equivalent: Catholics excluded from office, limited property rights
+  ├ Gaelic language suppressed (English mandatory in courts/schools)
+  ├ Catholic Church: operates but restricted
+  └ Economic: Ireland exports food to England while Irish peasants go hungry
+     (sound familiar? → historical Irish Famine dynamics)
+  
+  Ireland is legally part of the Kingdom but practically a COLONY:
+  ├ No meaningful Irish representation in Parliament
+  ├ Irish Catholics can't vote (religious test)
+  ├ Land owned by English absentee landlords
+  └ Military garrison maintains order
+  
+  V3 threats:
+  ├ Irish independence movement (secret societies, republican cells)
+  ├ Famine risk (if potato crop fails → mass starvation → revolution)
+  ├ International sympathy (French Republic may support Irish independence)
+  ├ Catholic solidarity (Aragon/Castile might back Irish Catholic cause)
+  └ The Highland Scottish question is a smaller version of the same problem
+```
+
+## Core Gameplay
+
+### 1. Global Naval Supremacy
+```
+  England's core asset: THE WORLD'S MOST POWERFUL NAVY
+  ├ Electrical technology edge: radio-coordinated fleets (Song can't do this)
+  ├ Global coaling stations / bases
+  ├ Controls: English Channel, approaches to North Sea, parts of Indian Ocean
+  └ Challenge: maintaining this against Song (largest fleet by tonnage), 
+     Japan (Pacific power), Italy (Mediterranean), Germany (emerging naval rival?)
+  
+  Journal Entry: "Rule the Waves"
+  → Naval arms race decisions
+  → Base network maintenance
+  → New technology adoption (electric signaling, torpedo boats?)
+```
+
+### 2. The Reform Question
+```
+  England is a parliamentary state but NOT a democracy:
+  ├ Only ~15-20% of men can vote
+  ├ Irish excluded, workers excluded, women excluded
+  ├ Labor movement growing (industrial working class demands rights)
+  ├ Irish home rule / independence movement
+  ├ Highland Scottish assimilation or autonomy?
+  
+  Reform path: gradually expand suffrage → modern democracy
+  Conservative path: maintain property qualification → stable but increasingly unstable
+  Radical path: revolution? (unlikely in England — institutional tradition too strong)
+  
+  V3: standard suffrage + labor rights reform chain, but with Irish/Highland dimensions
+```
+
+### 3. Colonial Empire Management
+```
+  Not detailed here (separate colonial profiles) but key strategic decisions:
+  ├ New England: growing, prosperous, increasingly self-confident → independence risk?
+  ├ New Wales: French-majority → ungovernable? → grant autonomy? suppress?
+  ├ India (EIC): profitable but morally questionable → reform or exploit?
+  ├ Congo: quinine monopoly → how to develop? Belgium-Congo style exploitation?
+  ├ Australia: invest in western settlements? compete with Song for east coast?
+  └ Overstretch risk: too many colonies, not enough resources to hold all
+```
+
+### 4. Technology: The Electrical Advantage
+```
+  England's unique tech position:
+  ├ Leads in ELECTRICITY (the Song's weakness)
+  ├ Electric grid expanding across England
+  ├ Telegraph + telephone networks (most connected country in the world?)
+  ├ Electric motors in new factories (old factories still steam)
+  ├ Radio experiments → military applications (radio-coordinated navy)
+  ├ Can SELL electrical technology/equipment to Song (strategic leverage)
+  └ But: Song's steam/mechanical precision still superior in some areas
+  
+  V3: England is the "electric superpower" vs Song's "steam superpower"
+  → Different tech trees, different strengths
+  → Trade relationship: England sells electricity/aluminum, Song sells precision machinery/steel
+```
+
+### 5. Language/Identity Management
+```
+  The French question never fully goes away:
+  ├ Norman-French nobles: loyal but culturally suspect
+  ├ Huguenot descendants: loyal AND French → complicates "French = enemy" narrative
+  ├ Legal system: still full of French terms
+  ├ New Wales colony: MAJORITY French → is French the enemy's language or a citizen's language?
+  └ V3 flavor: periodic language controversies, cultural debates, identity politics events
+```
+
+## Flavor
+
+### "We Choose Our King"
+- England's elected monarchy is UNIQUE in this world
+- A source of immense national pride
+- "We're not ruled by blood — we're ruled by merit (of a sort)"
+- Foreign observers: fascinated/horrified ("what if they choose badly?")
+- Flavor events: royal elections (every 20-30 years), candidate scandals, election crises
+
+### The Coal and Lightning Kingdom
+- England = coal smoke + electric light
+- London: first city to be fully electrically lit? (while Song cities still use gas/steam light)
+- The visual contrast with Song's steampunk cities is stark:
+  - England: electric trams, telephone wires, clean(er) light
+  - Song: steam pipes, pneumatic tubes, brass gears, coal haze
+- "Two visions of modernity" — England's electric future vs Song's mechanical perfection
+
+### The Weight of History
+- 400 years of being someone else's colony → now an independent great power
+- National psyche: part pride ("we threw off the French yoke"), part insecurity ("are we really a great civilization or just France's runaway province?")
+- French cultural influence is EVERYWHERE even 150 years later → architecture, food, law, some noble families' dinner conversations
+- "English identity" is still a work in progress — defined more by what it ISN'T (French) than what it IS
+
+### Cricket and Calculus
+- English culture: practical, empirical, industrial
+- Newton-equivalent established the scientific tradition → England's universities = world-class
+- But also: sports, clubs, gentleman's societies, pub culture
+- The English gentleman: industrialist by day, cricket player by weekend, amateur scientist by hobby
+- Deeply class-stratified but united by a common patriotism forged in the independence war
+
+## Relationships
+| Country | Relationship | Notes |
+|---|---|---|
+| New Song | **Primary global rival** | Naval competition, Indian competition, Australian competition. Electric vs Steam. But also: biggest trade partner (mutual need). |
+| France | **Old enemy** | 400 years of rule → independence. Highland Scotland still a wound. France rebuilding. |
+| Germany | **Strongest ally** | Supported English independence. Trade partner. Shared Protestant culture. But: emerging naval/commercial competition. |
+| Burgundy | **Old ally** | Small but loyal. Supported independence. Cultural bridge (French-speaking but anti-Paris). |
+| Italy/Rome | **Wary** | England supported Italian unification but now Italy is too powerful. Mediterranean rival. |
+| Ilkhanate | **Complex rival** | Indian competition. But: trade partner (Ilkhanate sells things England needs). |
+| Japan | **Pacific rival/potential ally** | Both island industrial powers. Both naval. Compete in Pacific but might ally vs Song. |
+| Jianzhou | **Client/friend** | England supports Jianzhou independence (weakens Song). Secret patron. |
+| Kalmar | **Friendly rival** | Competed in selling arms. Vinland border near New England. Trade partner. |
+| Aragon | **Former war ally, now distant** | Fought together vs France. But Aragon is Catholic/Mediterranean → diverging interests. |
+| Ireland (internal) | **Colonial subject** | The empire's most volatile internal problem. |